What is optimal about motor control?
Open accessAbstract
This article poses a controversial question: is optimal control theory useful for understanding motor behavior or is it a misdirection? This question is becoming acute as people start to conflate internal models in motor control and perception (Poeppel et al., 2008; Hickok et al., 2011). However, the forward models in motor control are not the generative models used in perceptual inference. This Perspective tries to highlight the differences between internal models in motor control and perception and asks whether optimal control is the right way to think about things. The issues considered here may have broader implications for optimal decision theory and Bayesian approaches to learning and behavior in general.
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From the point of view of Active Inference, the purpose of a peripheral reflex is to suppress proprioceptive or interoceptive prediction errors through closed loop control.
“From the point of view of Active Inference, the purpose of a peripheral reflex is to suppress proprioceptive or interoceptive prediction errors through closed loop control (Friston, 2011).”
From Active Inference, homeostatic regulation and adaptive behavioural control (2015) · cites this paper as Friston, 2011
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“Under this framework, motor actions are seen as attempts to minimize prediction errors by altering sensory inputs to align with predictions, rather than adjusting predictions to match inputs as in perception (Adams et al. 2013; Brown et al. 2013; Friston 2011).”
- Authors
- Friston, K.
- Affiliations
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Friston, Karl
- ORCID
- Friston, Karl
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-11
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 488-498
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998651249
- Semantic Scholar
- cef17f91ca68ca8c8c2c92c0ace2ecc08ee7ff56
- Cited by
- 332
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 6.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (088130)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Embodied and Extended Cognition
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Keywords
- optimal control, motor control, internal models, forward model, perceptual inference, generative models, motor behavior, Bayesian learning, decision theory
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