Roles of indole as an interspecies and interkingdom signaling molecule
Abstract
A number of bacteria, and some plants, produce large quantities of indole, which is widespread in animal intestinal tracts and in the rhizosphere. Indole, as an interspecies and interkingdom signaling molecule, plays important roles in bacterial pathogenesis and eukaryotic immunity. Furthermore, indole and its derivatives are viewed as potential antivirulence compounds against antibiotic-resistant pathogens because of their ability to inhibit quorum sensing and virulence factor production. Indole modulates oxidative stress, intestinal inflammation, and hormone secretion in animals, and it controls plant defense systems and growth. Insects and nematodes can recognize indole, which controls some of their behavior. This review presents current knowledge regarding indole and its derivatives, their biotechnological applications and their role in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems.
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Indole metabolites act on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, a xenobiotic receptor distributed throughout the GI tract.
“Indole metabolites have also been recognized to act on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, a xenobiotic receptor distributed throughout the GI tract (Lee et al., 2015).”
From The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis (2019) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2015
Bacterial metabolism of tryptophan to indole compounds can impact host physiology and behavior.
“Bacterial metabolism of tryptophan to indole compounds may be equally important because either in their own right or following host processing, these microbial tryptophan metabolites can impact on host physiology and behavior (Lee et al., 2015).”
From Gut reactions: Breaking down xenobiotic–microbiome interactions (2019) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Lee, J.-H., Wood, T. K., & Lee, J.
- Affiliations
- Yeungnam University (KR)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Jintae
- Venue
- Trends in Microbiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-11
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 707-718
- ISSN
- 0966-842X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2122836188
- Cited by
- 516
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 55 · 2022: 81 · 2021: 66 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 2.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (2015R1A2A2A01004542)
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Army Research Office (W911NF-14-1-0279)
- Ministry of Education (215C000232)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Keywords
- indole, interspecies communication, interkingdom signaling, bacterial pathogenesis, quorum sensing inhibition, anti-virulence compounds, antibiotic resistance, oxidative stress, intestinal inflammation, plant defense, insect behavior, nematode behavior, rhizosphere, biotechnology applications
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacteria, Biological Transport, Eukaryotic Cells, Humans, Indoles, Plants, Prokaryotic Cells, Signal Transduction, Virulence Factors, Quorum Sensing
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