Cited by 1,160Gut microbiota and healthInflammatory Bowel DiseaseMicroscopic Colitis

The gut microbiota in IBD

Open access
Manichanh, Chaysavanh, Borruel, Natalia, Casellas, Francesc, Guarner, Francisco·2012·Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Abstract

IBD-ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease-is emerging as a worldwide epidemic. An association between the increased incidence of IBD and environmental factors linked to socioeconomic development has been persistently detected in different parts of the world. The lifestyle in developed countries might impair the natural patterns of microbial colonization of the human gut. The interaction of microbes with mucosal immune compartments in the gut seems to have a major role in priming and regulating immunity. In IBD, mucosal lesions are generated by an excessive or dysregulated immune response against commensal microbes in the gut. In individuals with a genetic susceptibility to IBD, abnormal microbial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract might be the origin of such dysregulation. Developments in gene-sequencing technologies, as well as increased availability of powerful bioinformatic tools, have enabled novel insights into the microbial composition of the human gut microbiota and the effect of microbial communities on human physiology and disease. Studies that used these technologies indicate that dysbiosis (that is, abnormal microbiota composition) and decreased complexity of the gut microbial ecosystem are common features in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Whether such changes are a cause or a consequence of the disease remains to be elucidated.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrgastro.2012.152

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  • There is increasing evidence of the pathogenic implication of the host microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as several taxonomic and functional changes, as well as imbalances in the host-microbiota cross-talk, have been described.

    “There is increasing evidence of the pathogenic implication of the host microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as several taxonomic and functional changes, as well as imbalances in the host-microbiota cross-talk, have been described [29] .”
  • Clinical and basic evidence suggests that dysbiosis has a key role in the initiation and progression of chronic inflammation in the pouch reservoir.

    “Clinical and basic evidence suggests that dysbiosis has a key role in the initiation and progression of chronic inflammation in the pouch reservoir [29] .”
  • Low abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is associated with a higher risk of postoperative recurrence of ileal disease.

    “UC and Crohn´s disease (CD) present a low abundance of F. prausnitzii, which has known anti-inflammatory properties [38] , and this is associated with a higher risk of postoperative recurrence of ileal disease [29] , and with a concomitant increase in the abundance of Escherichia coli (E.coli) [39] .”
  • Advanced molecular techniques have demonstrated fundamental differences in microbial composition and function in IBD patients.

    “Advanced molecular techniques have demonstrated fundamental differences in both microbial composition and function in patients with IBD.56–58”

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Authors
Manichanh, C., Borruel, N., Casellas, F., & Guarner, F.
Affiliations
Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari (ES)
Corresponding author
Guarner, Francisco
Venue
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Published
2012-08-21
Volume
9
Issue
10
Pages
599-608
ISSN
  • 1759-5045 (ISSN-L)
  • 1759-5053
OpenAlex
W2090711753
Cited by
1,160
References
78
Citations by year
2026: 35 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 92 · 2021: 112 · 2020: 86 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 86 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 97 · 2014: 86 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 5
FWCI
7.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
European Commission
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Microscopic Colitis
Keywords
gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, dysbiosis, microbial colonization, mucosal immunity, commensal microorganisms, genetic susceptibility, environmental risk factors, microbial diversity, pathogenesis
MeSH terms
Humans, Immune Tolerance, Immunity, Innate, Intestinal Mucosa, Life Style, Risk Factors, Symbiosis, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Incidence, Gastrointestinal Tract, Metagenome

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