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The Importance of Genetic Redundancy in Evolution

Láruson, Áki J., Yeaman, Sam, Lotterhos, Katie E.·2020·Trends in Ecology & Evolution
DOI 10.1016/j.tree.2020.04.009
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Abstract

Genetic redundancy has been defined in many different ways at different levels of biological organization. Here, we briefly review the general concept of redundancy and focus on the evolutionary importance of redundancy in terms of the number of genotypes that give rise to the same phenotype. We discuss the challenges in determining redundancy empirically, with published experimental examples, and demonstrate the use of the C-score metric to quantify redundancy in evolution studies. We contrast the implicit assumptions of redundancy in quantitative versus population genetic models, show how this contributes to signatures of allele frequency shifts, and highlight how the rapid accumulation of genome-wide association data provides an avenue for further understanding the prevalence and role of redundancy in evolution.

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  • The likelihood of similar phenotypic changes being achieved through similar genetic changes in distinct lineages depends on the degree of pleiotropy and genetic redundancy in the genetic elements and networks that control the trait.

    “The likelihood of similar phenotypic changes being achieved through similar genetic changes in distinct lineages depends on the degree of pleiotropy (Zhang 2023) (where a single genetic element can affect multiple traits) and genetic redundancy (Láruson et al. 2020) (where multiple different mutations can have similar impacts on a trait) in the genetic elements and networks that control the trait.”

    From From Trees to Traits: A Review of Advances in PhyloG2P Methods and Future Directions (2025) · cites this paper as Láruson et al. 2020

  • Lineages may achieve a similar phenotypic change through substitutions in, or duplications of, distinct genetic elements that are part of the same genetic pathway or network where changes have similar impacts on network function.

    “These distinct genetic elements may be part of the same genetic pathway or network where changes have similar impacts on network function (Láruson et al. 2020; Shakya et al. 2025) (Fig. 2d).”

    From From Trees to Traits: A Review of Advances in PhyloG2P Methods and Future Directions (2025) · cites this paper as Láruson et al. 2020

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Metadata

Authors
Láruson, Á. J., Yeaman, S., & Lotterhos, K. E.
Venue
Trends in Ecology & Evolution
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-09
Volume
35
Issue
9
Pages
809-822
ISSN
0169-5347
DOI
10.1016/j.tree.2020.04.009
Cited by
201
References
5
Language
en
Licence
Funders
National Science Foundation

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