The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Probiotic bacteria reduced duration and severity but not the incidence of common cold episodes in a double blind, randomized, controlled trial
Abstract
To investigate the effect of long-term consumption of probiotic bacteria on viral respiratory tract infections (common cold, influenza), a randomized, double blind, controlled intervention study was performed during two winter/spring periods (3 and 5 month). Four hundred and seventy-nine healthy adults were supplemented daily with vitamins plus minerals with or without probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The intake of the probiotic had no effect on the incidence of common cold infections (verum=158, control=153 episodes, influenza was not observed), but significantly shortened duration of episodes by almost 2 days (7.0+/-0.5 versus 8.9+/-1.0 days, p=0.045), reduced the severity of symptoms and led to larger increases in cytotoxic T plus T suppressor cell counts and in T helper cell counts.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“clinical studies have shown that although probiotics do not influence the incidence of respiratory tract infection, they do reduce the severity of symptoms and duration of the illness”
From Respiratory viral infection-induced microbiome alterations and secondary bacterial pneumonia. (2018) · cites this paper as [57]
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Chandra, R. K. (1992) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(92)93151-c · Cited by 523
RetractedCario, E., & Podolsky, D. K. (2000) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.68.12.7010-7017.2000 · Cited by 1,245
Muzio, M., Bosisio, D., Polentarutti, N., D’Amico, G., Stoppacciaro, A., Mancinelli, R., Veer, C. V. ′., Pentón‐Rol, G., Ruco, L., Allavena, P., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.11.5998 · Cited by 1,058
Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Neuraminidase Inhibitor Oseltamivir in Treating Acute Influenza
Treanor, J. J., Hayden, F. G., Vrooman, P., Barbarash, R. A., Bettis, R. B., Riff, D. S., Singh, S., Kinnersley, N., Ward, P., Mills, R., et al. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.8.1016 · Cited by 1,019
Christensen, H. R., Frøkiær, H., & Pestka, J. J. (2002) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.1.171 · Cited by 905
Hatakka, K., Savilahti, E., Pönkä, A., Meurman, J. H., Poussa, T., Näse, L., Saxelin, M., & Korpela, R. (2001) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.322.7298.1327 · Cited by 645
Protection from gastrointestinal diseases with the use of probiotics
Marteau, P. R., de Vrese, M., Cellier, C., & Schrezenmeir, J. (2001) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/73.2.430s · Cited by 596
Inhaled Zanamivir for the Prevention of Influenza in Families
Hayden, F. G., Gubareva, L. V., Monto, A. S., Klein, T. C., Elliott, M. J., Hammond, J., Sharp, S. J., & Ossi, M. J. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200011023431801 · Cited by 369
PASSCLAIM1?Gut health and immunity
Cummings, J. H., Antoine, J.-M., Azpiroz, F., Bourdet-Sicard, R., Brandtzaeg, P., Calder, P. C., Gibson, G. R., Guarner, F., Isolauri, E., Pannemans, D., et al. (2004) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-004-1205-4 · Cited by 324
Zinc Gluconate Lozenges for Treating the Common Cold
Mossad, S. B., Macknin, M. L., Mendendorp, S. V., & Mason, P. (1996) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00001 · Cited by 223
Probiotics and gastrointestinal diseases
Sullivan, Å., & Nord, C. E. (2004) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01410.x · Cited by 202
Turchet, P., Laurenzano, M., Auboiron, S., & Antoine, J. M. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 158
Effects of nonpathogenic bacteria on cytokine secretion by human intestinal mucosa
Borruel, N., Casellas, F., Antolı́n, M., Llopis, M., Carol, M., Espín, E., Naval, J., Guarner, F., & Malagelada, J. R. (2003) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07384.x · Cited by 136
Rautava, S., Kalliomäki, M. A., & Isolauri, E. (2005) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.02.010 · Cited by 131
Stansfield, S. K., Pierre-Louis, M. H., Augustin, A., & Lerebours, G. (1993) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(93)91410-n · Cited by 116
Protection against Influenza Virus Infection of Mice Fed Bifidobacterium breve YIT4064
Yasui, H., Kiyoshima‐Shibata, J., Hori, T., & Shida, K. (1999) · Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology · doi:10.1128/cdli.6.2.186-192.1999 · Cited by 100
Probiotics and Immune Response
Blum, S., Haller, D., Pfeifer, A. C., & Schiffrin, E. J. (2002) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-002-0013-y · Cited by 87
Probiotics: An Emerging Therapy
O’Sullivan, G. C., Kelly, P., O'Halloran, S., Collins, C., Collins, J. K., Dunne, C. P., & Shanahan, F. (2005) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612053382368 · Cited by 87
Shanahan, F. (2005) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00421.2004 · Cited by 82
Probiotics and non-intestinal infectious conditions
de Vrese, M., & Schrezenmeir, J. (2002) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn2002630 · Cited by 66
Cellular and Physiological Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics
Marteau, P. R., Seksik, P., Lepage, P., & Dore, J. M. (2004) · Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/1389557043403369 · Cited by 65
Habermann, W., Zimmermann, K., Skarabis, H., Kunze, R., & Rusch, V. (2011) · Arzneimittelforschung · doi:10.1055/s-0031-1299941 · Cited by 49
Comparisons between the self-assessed and observer-assessed presence and severity of colds
Macintyre, S., & Pritchard, C. (1989) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(89)90063-4 · Cited by 47
Habermann, W., Zimmermann, K., Skarabis, H., Kunze, R., & Rusch, V. (2011) · Arzneimittelforschung · doi:10.1055/s-0031-1300140 · Cited by 25
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Arbeitsgruppe “Probiotische Mikroorganismenkulturen in Lebensmitteln” am BgVV. Abschlußbericht. Ernährungs-Umschau 2000;47:191–5.
- Habermann, 2001, Influence of a bacterial immunostimulant (human Enterococcus faecalis bacteria) on the recurrence of relapses in patients with chronic bronchitis, Arzneimittelforschung, 51, 931
- Habermann, 2002, Reduction of acute relapses in patients with chronic recurrent hypertrophic sinusitis during treatment with a bacterial immunostimulant (Enterococcus faecalis bacteria of human origin - a medical probiotic), Arzneimittelforschung, 52, 622
- Honma, 1986, On effect of lactic acid bacteria: biological significance, New Med Clin, 35, 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics
de Vrese, M., & Schrezenmeir, J. (2008) · Advances in biochemical engineering, biotechnology · doi:10.1007/10_2008_097 · Cited by 1,061
Commensal bacteria calibrate the activation threshold of innate antiviral immunity
Abt, M. C., Osborne, L. C., Monticelli, L. A., Doering, T. A., Alenghat, T., Sonnenberg, G. F., Paley, M. A., Antenus, M., Williams, K. L., Erikson, J., et al. (2012) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.04.011 · Cited by 993
Enhancing immunity in viral infections, with special emphasis on COVID-19: A review
Jayawardena, R., Sooriyaarachchi, P., Chourdakis, M., Jeewandara, C., & Ranasinghe, P. D. (2020) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.015 · Cited by 589
Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections
Hao, Q., Dong, B. R., & Wu, T. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006895.pub3 · Cited by 569
An update on the use and investigation of probiotics in health and disease
Sanders, M. E., Guarner, F., Guerrant, R., Holt, P. R., Quigley, E. M., Sartor, R. B., Sherman, P. M., & Mayer, E. A. (2013) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302504 · Cited by 503
Metadata
- Authors
- de Vrese, M., Winkler, P., Rautenberg, P., Harder, T., Noah, C., Laue, C., Ott, S., Hampe, J., Schreiber, S., Heller, K., & Schrezenmeir, J.
- Affiliations
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE)
- Venue
- Vaccine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 44-46
- Pages
- 6670-6674
- ISSN
- 0264-410X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2022579357
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 17.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Vaccine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OpenAgrar (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Keywords
- probiotics, common cold, respiratory viral infections, influenza, lactobacilli, Bifidobacterium, symptom duration, symptom severity, vitamin and mineral supplementation, T cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, T helper cells, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Common Cold, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Male, Middle Aged, Respiratory Tract Infections, Severity of Illness Index, Cytokines, Probiotics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
