Cited by 80Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsEpilepsy research and treatmentAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Anxiety and avoidance in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: the role of implicit and explicit anxiety

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Dimaro, Lian V., Dawson, David L., Roberts, Nicole A., Brown, Ian, Moghaddam, Nima G., Reuber, Markus·2014·Epilepsy & Behavior

Abstract

This study examined implicit and explicit anxiety in individuals with epilepsy and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) and explored whether these constructs were related to experiential avoidance and seizure frequency. Based on recent psychological models of PNESs, it was hypothesized that nonepileptic seizures would be associated with implicit and explicit anxiety and experiential avoidance. Explicit anxiety was measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; implicit anxiety was measured by an Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure; and experiential avoidance was measured with the Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire. Although both groups with epilepsy and PNESs scored similarly on implicit measures of anxiety, significant implicit-explicit anxiety discrepancies were only identified in patients with PNESs (p<.001). In the group with PNESs (but not in the group with epilepsy), explicit anxiety correlated with experiential avoidance (r=.63, p<.01) and frequency of seizures (r=.67, p<.01); implicit anxiety correlated with frequency of seizures only (r=.56, p<.01). Our findings demonstrate the role of implicit anxiety in PNESs and provide additional support for the contribution of explicit anxiety and experiential avoidance to this disorder.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.02.016

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Authors
Dimaro, L. V., Dawson, D. L., Roberts, N. A., Brown, I., Moghaddam, N. G., & Reuber, M.
Affiliations
  • Rampton Hospital (GB)
  • University of Lincoln (GB)
  • Arizona State University (US)
  • University of Sheffield (GB)
  • Royal Hallamshire Hospital (GB)
Corresponding author
  • Dimaro, Lian V.
  • Dawson, David L.
  • Roberts, Nicole A.
  • Brown, Ian
  • Moghaddam, Nima G.
  • Reuber, Markus
Venue
Epilepsy & Behavior
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2014-04
Volume
33
Pages
77-86
ISSN
1525-5050 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2131271367
Cited by
80
References
89
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 11
FWCI
5.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Epilepsy & Behavior (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Lincoln Repository (University of Lincoln) (acceptedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, experiential avoidance, seizure frequency, epilepsy, Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
MeSH terms
Adult, Anxiety, Epilepsy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Psychophysiologic Disorders, Seizures, Somatoform Disorders, Young Adult

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