Cited by 675Estrogen and related hormone effectsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNuclear Receptors and Signaling

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Progesterone receptors: Form and function in brain

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Brinton, Roberta Diaz, Thompson, Richard F., Foy, Michael R., Baudry, Michel, Wang, JunMing, Finch, Caleb E., Morgan, Todd E., Pike, Christian J., Mack, Wendy J., Stanczyk, Frank Z., Nilsen, Jon·2008·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

DOI 10.1016/j.yfrne.2008.02.001PMC PMC2398769

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Abstract

Emerging data indicate that progesterone has multiple non-reproductive functions in the central nervous system to regulate cognition, mood, inflammation, mitochondrial function, neurogenesis and regeneration, myelination and recovery from traumatic brain injury. Progesterone-regulated neural responses are mediated by an array of progesterone receptors (PR) that include the classic nuclear PRA and PRB receptors and splice variants of each, the seven transmembrane domain 7TMPRbeta and the membrane-associated 25-Dx PR (PGRMC1). These PRs induce classic regulation of gene expression while also transducing signaling cascades that originate at the cell membrane and ultimately activate transcription factors. Remarkably, PRs are broadly expressed throughout the brain and can be detected in every neural cell type. The distribution of PRs beyond hypothalamic borders, suggests a much broader role of progesterone in regulating neural function. Despite the large body of evidence regarding progesterone regulation of reproductive behaviors and estrogen-inducible responses as well as effects of progesterone metabolite neurosteroids, much remains to be discovered regarding the functional outcomes resulting from activation of the complex array of PRs in brain by gonadally and/or glial derived progesterone. Moreover, the impact of clinically used progestogens and developing selective PR modulators for targeted outcomes in brain is a critical avenue of investigation as the non-reproductive functions of PRs have far-reaching implications for hormone therapy to maintain neurological health and function throughout menopausal aging.

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

R.D. Brinton, J. Wang, L. Liu, Progesterone regulation of neural progenitor proliferation, Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, 2007, pp. 56.16.
J.A.B. Wang, R.D., Allopregnanolone induces a rapid transient rise in intracellular calcium in embryonic hippocampal neurons via L-type calcium channel dependent mechanism, Curr. Alzheimer Res., in press.
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Sorted by citations

Gender differences in Parkinson's disease: Clinical characteristics and cognition
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Ovarian hormones and obesity
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SundstrÃ¶m Poromaa, I., & Gingnell, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00380 · Cited by 291
“…estradiol receptors (ERα and ERβ) and the progesterone receptors (PRA and PRB) are highly expressed in brain areas associated with reproduction, cognitive function, and emotional processing such as the hypothalamus and the limbic system (for review, see Gruber et al., 2002; Brinton et al., 2008).”
Background
Minireview: translational animal models of human menopause: challenges and emerging opportunities
Diaz Brinton, R. (2012) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2012-1340 · Cited by 272

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Authors: Brinton, R. D., Thompson, R. F., Foy, M. R., Baudry, M., Wang, J., Finch, C. E., Morgan, T. E., Pike, C. J., Mack, W. J., Stanczyk, F. Z., & Nilsen, J.
Affiliations: University of Southern California (US)
Loyola Marymount University (US)
ORCID: Baudry, Michel
Finch, Caleb E.
Morgan, Todd E.
Pike, Christian J.
Mack, Wendy J.
Stanczyk, Frank Z.
Nilsen, Jon
Venue: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2008-05
Volume: 29
Issue: 2
Pages: 313-339
ISSN: 0091-3022 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2008.02.001
PMC: PMC2398769
OpenAlex: W2113179569
Cited by: 675
References: 324
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 35
FWCI: 3.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (P01AG026572)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
Keywords: progesterone receptor, progesterone, brain, PGRMC1, neurosteroids, cognition, mood, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial function, neurogenesis, myelination, traumatic brain injury, progestogens, selective progesterone receptor modulators, menopause, hormone therapy
MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Female, Humans, Male, Meiosis, Memory, Mitosis, Neuroglia, Neuronal Plasticity, Receptors, Progesterone, Neuroprotective Agents, Protein Isoforms, Cell Proliferation

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Progesterone receptors: Form and function in brain

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