Cited by 283Genomics and Chromatin DynamicsGenetic Associations and EpidemiologyCRISPR and Genetic Engineering

Decoding enhancers using massively parallel reporter assays

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Inoue, Fumitaka, Ahituv, Nadav·2015·Genomics

Abstract

Enhancers control the timing, location and expression levels of their target genes. Nucleotide variation in enhancers has been shown to lead to numerous phenotypes, including human disease. While putative enhancer sequences and nucleotide variation within them can now be detected in a rapid manner using various genomic technologies, the understanding of the functional consequences of these variants still remains largely unknown. Massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) can overcome this hurdle by providing the ability to test thousands of sequences and nucleotide variants within them for enhancer activity en masse. Here, we describe this technology and specifically focus on how it is being used to obtain an increased understanding of enhancer regulatory code and grammar.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.ygeno.2015.06.005

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  • New methods have recently emerged that overcome many key limitations of earlier technologies, including single-cell methods, higher-resolution 3C, MPRAs, and high-throughput CRISPR screens.

    “To this point, new methods have recently emerged that overcome many of the key limitations of earlier technologies. These include single-cell (‘sc’) methods to identify cell-type-specific open chromatin in complex tissues82,83; higher resolution chromosome conformation capture [G] methods to more finely map enhancer–promoter contacts84; MPRAs to dissect or trap enhancer activity on a reporter”

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Authors
Inoue, F., & Ahituv, N.
Affiliations
University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author
Ahituv, Nadav
Venue
Genomics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-09
Volume
106
Issue
3
Pages
159-164
ISSN
0888-7543 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W655820313
Cited by
272
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 26 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 5 · 2014: 1
FWCI
1.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genomics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Human Genome Research Institute (1R01HG006768)
  • National Cancer Institute (1R01CA197139)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Keywords
enhancers, massively parallel reporter assay, enhancer activity, nucleotide variants, regulatory codes, enhancer function, gene expression regulation, variant effect prediction
MeSH terms
Binding Sites, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Transcription Factors, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Genomics, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing

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