Cited by 6,422Genomics and Chromatin DynamicsEpigenetics and DNA MethylationChromatin Remodeling and Cancer

Transposition of native chromatin for fast and sensitive epigenomic profiling of open chromatin, DNA-binding proteins and nucleosome position

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Buenrostro, Jason D, Giresi, Paul G, Zaba, Lisa C, Chang, Howard Y, Greenleaf, William J·2013·Nature Methods

Abstract

We describe an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq), based on direct in vitro transposition of sequencing adaptors into native chromatin, as a rapid and sensitive method for integrative epigenomic analysis. ATAC-seq captures open chromatin sites using a simple two-step protocol with 500-50,000 cells and reveals the interplay between genomic locations of open chromatin, DNA-binding proteins, individual nucleosomes and chromatin compaction at nucleotide resolution. We discovered classes of DNA-binding factors that strictly avoided, could tolerate or tended to overlap with nucleosomes. Using ATAC-seq maps of human CD4(+) T cells from a proband obtained on consecutive days, we demonstrated the feasibility of analyzing an individual's epigenome on a timescale compatible with clinical decision-making.

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  • ATAC-seq is a landmark breakthrough that utilizes Tn5 transposase to fragment open chromatin and labels the genome with sequencing adaptors.

    “ATAC-seq barges to the forefront as a landmark breakthrough that utilizes the Tn5 transposase to fragment open chromatin and labels the genome with sequencing adaptors [110].”
  • PU.1 binding sites are enriched for open chromatin as defined by DNase accessibility or ATAC-seq.

    “The sites where PU.1 binds are enriched for open chromatin as defined by DNase accessibility or ATAC-seq [assay of transposase-accessible chromatin (94)]”
  • ATAC-seq uses a hyperactive Tn5 transposase to measure the activity of regulatory DNA elements.

    “We recently developed the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq), which utilizes a hyperactive transposase (Tn5) to measure the activity of regulatory DNA elements (Buenrostro et al., 2013).”
  • ATAC-seq informs the identification of enhancers, nucleosome positioning, and inference of transcription factor binding.

    “This method informs the identification of enhancers, the positioning of nucleosomes, and the inference of transcription factor binding (Buenrostro et al., 2013; Schep et al., 2015, 2017).”
  • Using DNase hypersensitivity or ATAC-seq data to infer open chromatin, followed by combining transcription factor binding with open chromatin footprinting, can provide a powerful and comprehensive way to identify tissue-specific transcription factor regulation.

    “There is compelling evidence that using DNase hypersensitivity or ATAC-seq data to infer open chromatin, followed by combining transcription factor binding with open chromatin footprinting, can provide a powerful and comprehensive way to identify tissue-specific transcription factor regulation60,61.”

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Authors
Buenrostro, J. D., Giresi, P. G., Zaba, L. C., Chang, H. Y., & Greenleaf, W. J.
Affiliations
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
  • Chang, Howard Y
  • Greenleaf, William J
Venue
Nature Methods
Published
2013-10-06
Volume
10
Issue
12
Pages
1213-1218
ISSN
  • 1548-7091 (ISSN-L)
  • 1548-7105
OpenAlex
W2117757143
Cited by
6,422
References
38
Citations by year
2026: 462 · 2025: 557 · 2024: 681 · 2023: 691 · 2022: 711 · 2021: 799 · 2020: 683 · 2019: 583 · 2018: 496 · 2017: 361 · 2016: 218 · 2015: 126 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 4
FWCI
58.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Methods (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U19AI057229)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U01DK089532, P30DK116074)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (RC4NS073015)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (T32AR050942)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
Keywords
ATAC-seq, open chromatin, DNA-binding proteins, nucleosome positioning, chromatin condensation, epigenetic profiling, CD4+ T cells, single-cell epigenomics
MeSH terms
Cell Separation, Chromatin, DNA-Binding Proteins, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Interleukin-2, Nucleosomes, Transcription Factors, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Dimerization, Computational Biology, Epigenomics

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