The DOI matches its Crossref record; 127 of the 127 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pregnancy and pregnancy-associated hormones alter immune responses and disease pathogenesis
Open accessAbstract
During pregnancy, it is evolutionary advantageous for inflammatory immune responses that might lead to fetal rejection to be reduced and anti-inflammatory responses that promote transfer of maternal antibodies to the fetus to be increased. Hormones modulate the immunological shift that occurs during pregnancy. Estrogens, including estradiol and estriol, progesterone, and glucocorticoids increase over the course of pregnancy and affect transcriptional signaling of inflammatory immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface and systemically. During pregnancy, the reduced activity of natural killer cells, inflammatory macrophages, and helper T cell type 1 (Th1) cells and production of inflammatory cytokines, combined with the higher activity of regulatory T cells and production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, affects disease pathogenesis. The severity of diseases caused by inflammatory responses (e.g., multiple sclerosis) is reduced and the severity of diseases that are mitigated by inflammatory responses (e.g., influenza and malaria) is increased during pregnancy. For some infectious diseases, elevated inflammatory responses that are necessary to control and clear a pathogen have a negative consequence on the outcome of pregnancy. The bidirectional interactions between hormones and the immune system contribute to both the outcome of pregnancy and female susceptibility to disease.
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Cites
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Sex hormones and the immune response in humans
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Self-citation
Cited by
Kourtis, A. P., Read, J. S., & Jamieson, D. J. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1213566 · Cited by 850
The immune system and developmental programming of brain and behavior
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Influenza vaccination of pregnant women and protection of their infants
Madhi, S. A., Cutland, C. L., Kuwanda, L., Weinberg, A., Hugo, A., Jones, S., Adrian, P. V., van Niekerk, N., Treurnicht, F., Ortiz, J. R., et al. (2014) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1401480 · Cited by 556
The Role of Placental Hormones in Mediating Maternal Adaptations to Support Pregnancy and Lactation
Napso, T., Yong, H. E. J., Lopez-Tello, J., & Sferruzzi-Perri, A. N. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01091 · Cited by 470
Sex differences in vaccine-induced humoral immunity
Fischinger, S., Boudreau, C. M., Butler, A. L., Streeck, H., & Alter, G. (2019) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-018-0726-5 · Cited by 410
Metadata
- Authors
- Robinson, D. P., & Klein, S. L.
- Venue
- Hormones and Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 263-271
- ISSN
- 0018-506X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2113399583
- Cited by
- 709
- References
- 127
- FWCI
- 11.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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