Preconscious processing bias in specific phobia

Van Den Hout, Marcel; Tenney, Nienke; Huygens, Karin; De Jong, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00080-0

Cited by 92Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology ResearchNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Preconscious processing bias in specific phobia

Van Den Hout, Marcel, Tenney, Nienke, Huygens, Karin, De Jong, Peter·1997·Behaviour Research and Therapy

DOI 10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00080-0

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Abstract

The occurrence of processing bias manifested by the modified Stroop task does not require that the subjects to be aware of the stimuli presented. Earlier studies have shown that even when stimuli are backwardly masked so conscious identification is prevented, patients suffering from Generalised Anxiety Disorders slow down colour-naming masks that are preceded by threatening words. In non-patient samples, processing bias on the modified Stroop task is related to the level of trait anxiety. We tested whether this preconscious processing bias is related to anxiety per se and whether it also occurs in specific phobias. Indeed, in a group of 37 spider phobics, the intensity of phobic complaints was significantly associated with interference measures on both the masked and the unmasked modified Stroop task. Preconscious processing bias was not associated with treatment gain. Interference on the masked and unmasked Stroop task was reduced after treatment. Though the lack of a no treatment control group preludes definite conclusions, our findings suggest that preconscious biases are influenced by behaviour therapy. Results are critically discussed.

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The studies in the SP field have used the Stroop task to measure attentional biases, comparing Stroop interference before and after exposure treatment.
“Moreover, the studies in the SP field have used the Stroop task to measure attentional biases, comparing Stroop interference before and after exposure treatment.63 64”
From Effectiveness of a projection-based augmented reality exposure system in treating cockroach phobia: Study protocol of a randomised controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [64]

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Authors: Van Den Hout, M., Tenney, N., Huygens, K., & De Jong, P.
Affiliations: Maastricht University (NL)
Venue: Behaviour Research and Therapy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1997-01
Volume: 35
Issue: 1
Pages: 29-34
ISSN: 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00080-0
OpenAlex: W2088709481
Cited by: 90
References: 27
Citations by year: 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 7.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: specific phobia, spider phobia, backward masking, trait anxiety, behavior therapy, treatment gains, phobic symptoms
MeSH terms: Adult, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Attention, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Phobic Disorders, Sampling Studies, Spiders, Unconscious, Psychology, Volition, Treatment Outcome

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Preconscious processing bias in specific phobia

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