Dopamine and the mechanisms of cognition: Part II. D-amphetamine effects in human subjects performing a selective attention task
Abstract
Background A neural network computer model described in a companion paper predicted the effects of increased dopamine transmission on selective attention under two different hypotheses.Methods To evaluate these predictions we conducted an empirical study in human subjects of D-amphetamine effects on performance of the Eriksen response competition task. Ten healthy volunteers were tested before and after placebo or D-amphetamine in a double-blind cross-over design.Results D-amphetamine induced a speeding of reaction time overall and an improvement of accuracy at fast reaction times but only in the task condition requiring selective attention.Conclusions This pattern of results conforms to the prediction of the model under the hypothesis that D-amphetamine primarily affects dopamine transmission in cognitive rather than motor networks. This suggests that the principles embodied in parallel distributed processing models of task performance may be sufficient to predict and explain specific behavioral effects of some drug actions in the central nervous system.
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Methylphenidate and amphetamine have been demonstrated to improve selective attention.
“Similarly, methylphenidate111,112 and amphetamine113 have been demonstrated to improve selective attention”
From Paying attention to attention in depression (2019) · cites this paper as [113]
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“…al., 2010a SRT 10 and 20 mg 161 18–35 No Processing speed Hamidovic et al., 2010b DSST 10 and 20 mg 152 22.8 � 3.4 Improved Processing speed Servan‐Schreiber et al., 1998 ERCT (RT) 0.25 mg/kg 10 24–39 Improved (during selective attention condition) Attention, or reaction time…”
BackgroundInfluential
- Authors
- Servan-Schreiber, D., Carter, C. S., Bruno, R. M., & Cohen, J. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-05
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 723-729
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2040886908
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH47073, MH 45156, MH-47566, P50MH045156, P01MH047566)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- dopamine, d-amphetamine, selective attention, reaction time, cognitive networks, parallel distributed processing, drug effects on cognition
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adult, Attention, Brain, Cognition, Discrimination Learning, Dopamine, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Neural Networks, Computer, Cross-Over Studies
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