The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Age and gender effects on microglia and astrocyte numbers in brains of mice
Abstract
The morphological changes that occur during normal brain aging are not well understood. This study used modern stereology to assess the effects of age and gender on total numbers of astrocytes and microglia in the hippocampal formation in C57Bl/6NNIA (B6) mice. Astrocytes and microglia were visualized using immunocytochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and complement receptor 3 (Mac-1), respectively, and numbers of each cell type in dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 regions were estimated using the optical fractionator method. The results reveal significantly greater ( approximately 20%) numbers of microglia and astrocytes in aged females compared to young female B6 mice. We also report that on average female B6 mice have 25-40% more astrocytes and microglia in DG and CA1 regions than age-matched male C57Bl/6J mice. Since astrocytes and microglia are thought to be targets of gonadal hormones, the effects of sex hormones and reproductive aging may be responsible for these findings.
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“On the contrary, aging has also been associated with an increase, rather than a decrease, in microglial population (Gebara et al, 2013;Mouton et al, 2002;Tremblay et al, 2012).”
From Microglia Priming with Aging and Stress (2017) · cites this paper as Mouton et al, 2002
Citations
Cites
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Verkhratsky, A., Parpura, V., & Rodriguez, J. J. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0974-2_12
Sex-specific calibration of memory recall by glucocorticoid receptors on cortical astrocytesPreprint
Taylor, W., Imhoff, B., Sathi, Z., Garza, K., & Dias, B. G. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.09.01.278556
Sharon, A., Erez, H., & Spira, M. E. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.02.22.481449
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Brain aging, neurodegenerative disorders, and sex differences
Marcon, G., Caruso, C., & Forloni, G. (2025) · Institutional Research Information System (University of Udine)
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Horan, N. L., Keefauver, T., & Seney, M. L. (2026) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2026.101236
Neurodevelopmental impact of perinatal inflammation : targets for neuroprotection?
Bokobza, C. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/e3ce131fz2ee5z49fez9927z0f46d77c22c8
Chataigner, M. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/a4317690zc4c8z4ba6za738zd457c6bb9b74
Raymundi, A. M., Cardoso, N. C., Lourenço, G. C., Queiroz, R., Dolzan, M. D., Vitali, L., Meyer, E., Lisboa, S. F. D. S., Guimarães, F. S., Pinna, G., et al. (2026) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-026-02434-x
Ma, X. Y., Zheng, J.-Y., Yao, X.-D., Yu, Y., Wang, X., Su, Y. G., Li, J., & Si, T. (2026) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2026.05.011
Tsutsumi, R., Tanaka, S., Funatsu, Y., Meta, Y., Izumi-Mishima, Y., Nomura, K., & Sakaue, H. (2026) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2026.110491
Age-dependent brain mechanics are linked to microstructural changes
Hoppstädter, M., Linka, K., Schmicke, M., Ellen Kuhl, A., & Böl, M. (2026) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2026.10.010
Pannese, E. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06856-5_9
Metadata
- Authors
- Mouton, P. R., Long, J. M., Lei, D.-L., Howard, V., Jucker, M., Calhoun, M. E., & Ingram, D. K.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Basel (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Mouton, Peter R
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 956
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-35
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2059109913
- Cited by
- 320
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 4.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- brain aging, microglia, astrocytes, sex differences, age effects, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, CA1 region, glial fibrillary acidic protein, complement receptor 3, gonadal hormones, reproductive aging, C57BL/6 mice
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aging, Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Count, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Hippocampus, Male, Sex Factors, Macrophage-1 Antigen, Microglia, Mice
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