Glycerophospholipids in brain: their metabolism, incorporation into membranes, functions, and involvement in neurological disorders
Abstract
Neural membranes contain several classes of glycerophospholipids which turnover at different rates with respect to their structure and localization in different cells and membranes. The glycerophospholipid composition of neural membranes greatly alters their functional efficacy. The length of glycerophospholipid acyl chain and the degree of saturation are important determinants of many membrane characteristics including the formation of lateral domains that are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Receptor-mediated degradation of glycerophospholipids by phospholipases A(l), A(2), C, and D results in generation of second messengers such as arachidonic acid, eicosanoids, platelet activating factor and diacylglycerol. Thus, neural membrane phospholipids are a reservoir for second messengers. They are also involved in apoptosis, modulation of activities of transporters, and membrane-bound enzymes. Marked alterations in neural membrane glycerophospholipid composition have been reported to occur in neurological disorders. These alterations result in changes in membrane fluidity and permeability. These processes along with the accumulation of lipid peroxides and compromised energy metabolism may be responsible for the neurodegeneration observed in neurological disorders.
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GPLs are one of the major groups of membrane lipids and play key roles in membrane fluidity and cellular signaling.
“GPLs are one of the major groups of membrane lipids and play key roles in membrane fluidity and cellular signaling (Farooqui et al., 2000).”
From PCSK9 deficiency alters brain lipid composition without affecting brain development and function (2023) · cites this paper as Farooqui et al., 2000
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- Authors
- Farooqui, A. A., Horrocks, L. A., & Farooqui, T.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Horrocks, Lloyd A
- Venue
- Chemistry and Physics of Lipids
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-06
- Volume
- 106
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-29
- ISSN
- 0009-3084 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2075180304
- Cited by
- 555
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 0.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemistry and Physics of Lipids (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Keywords
- glycerophospholipids, neural membranes, phospholipid metabolism, membrane lipid composition, lipid rafts, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phospholipase A2, arachidonic acid, eicosanoids, platelet-activating factor, diacylglycerol, second messengers, apoptosis, membrane fluidity, membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation, neurodegeneration, neurological disorders
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Humans, Membrane Lipids, Membranes, Nervous System Diseases, Phospholipases, Plasmalogens, Second Messenger Systems, Apoptosis, Glycerophospholipids
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