Cited by 289Endometriosis Research and TreatmentMenstrual Health and DisordersReproductive Health and Contraception

Continuous use of an oral contraceptive for endometriosis-associated recurrent dysmenorrhea that does not respond to a cyclic pill regimen

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Vercellini, Paolo, Frontino, Giada, De Giorgi, Olga, Pietropaolo, Giuliana, Pasin, Roberta, Crosignani, Pier Giorgio·2003·Fertility and Sterility

Abstract

Objective To ascertain whether long-term reduction of pain is obtained by continuous administration of an oral contraceptive (OC) in women with endometriosis-associated recurrent dysmenorrhea that does not respond to cyclic OC use.Design Prospective, therapeutic, self-controlled clinical trial.Setting A tertiary care and referral center for patients with endometriosis.Patient(s) Fifty women who underwent surgery for endometriosis in the previous year and experienced recurrent dysmenorrhea despite cyclic OC use.Intervention(s) Continuous use of an OC containing ethinyl estradiol (0.02 mg) and desogestrel (0.15 mg) for 2 years.Main outcome measure(s) Dysmenorrhea variation during cyclic and continuous OC use, evaluated with a 100-mm visual analog scale and a 0- to 3-point verbal rating scale, and degree of satisfaction with continuous OC treatment.Result(s) In the study period, amenorrhea, spotting, and breakthrough bleeding were reported by 19 (38%), 18 (36%), and 13 (26%) women. The mean +/- SD number of >7-day bleeding episodes with consequent 7-day OC suspension was 5.5 +/- 2.1. The mean +/- SD dysmenorrhea visual analog scale and verbal rating scale scores were 75 +/- 13 and 2.4 +/- 0.5 at baseline and 31 +/- 17 and 0.7 +/- 0.6 at 2-year follow-up, respectively. Moderate or severe side effects were reported by 7/50 (14%) women. At final evaluation, 13 (26%) women were very satisfied, 27 (54%) were satisfied, 1 (2%) was uncertain, 8 (16%) were dissatisfied, and 1 (2%) was very dissatisfied.Conclusion(s) Long-term continuous OC use can be proposed to women with symptomatic endometriosis and menstruation-related pain symptoms.

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Crossref · 10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00794-5

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  • The continuous use of OC is suggested to achieve amenorrhea and relieve pain at withdrawal bleeding that may still afflict endometriosis patients using OC cyclically.

    “In particular, the continuous use of OC is suggested to achieve amenorrhea and relieve pain at withdrawal bleeding that may still afflict endometriosis patients using OC cyclically (32,33).”
  • The regression toward the mean phenomenon could have affected the observed data.

    “Theoretically, the ''regression toward the mean'' phenomenon could have affected the observed data, because extreme values are frequently influenced by random variation and when remeasured they tend to be closer to the mean of the original population from which the study subjects were drawn (32,63).”
  • When patients' conditions are worse than average and standard therapies seem to have lost efficacy, some general amelioration may occur that has nothing to do with improved treatment.

    “Therefore, when the patients' conditions are worse than average and standard therapies seem to have lost efficacy, some general amelioration may occur that has nothing to do with improved treatment (32,63).”

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Authors
Vercellini, P., Frontino, G., De Giorgi, O., Pietropaolo, G., Pasin, R., & Crosignani, P. G.
Affiliations
University of Milan (IT)
Corresponding author
Vercellini, Paolo
Venue
Fertility and Sterility
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2003-09
Volume
80
Issue
3
Pages
560-563
ISSN
0015-0282 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2068661759
Cited by
289
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 17
FWCI
12.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Fertility and Sterility (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
Keywords
endometriosis, dysmenorrhea, desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol, amenorrhea, breakthrough bleeding, treatment satisfaction
MeSH terms
Adult, Contraceptives, Oral, Combined, Dysmenorrhea, Endometriosis, Ethinyl Estradiol, Female, Humans, Pain Measurement, Prospective Studies, Patient Satisfaction, Desogestrel, Retreatment, Estradiol Congeners, Progesterone Congeners

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