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Frzb, a Secreted Protein Expressed in the Spemann Organizer, Binds and Inhibits Wnt-8
Open accessAbstract
We isolated a Xenopus homolog of Frzb, a newly described protein containing an amino-terminal Frizzled motif. It dorsalized Xenopus embryos and was expressed in the Spemann organizer during early gastrulation. Unlike Frizzled proteins, endogenous Frzb was soluble. Frzb was secretable and could act across cell boundaries. In several functional assays, Frzb antagonized Xwnt-8, a proposed ventralizing factor with an expression pattern complementary to that of Frzb. Furthermore, Frzb blocked induction of MyoD, an action reported recently for a dominant-negative Xwnt-8. Frzb coimmunoprecipitated with Wnt proteins, providing direct biochemical evidence for Frzb-Wnt interactions. These observations implicate Frzb in axial patterning and support the concept that Frzb binds and inactivates Xwnt-8 during gastrulation, preventing inappropriate ventral signaling in developing dorsal tissues.
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“In the extra-cellular matrix, a number of secreted proteins that bind to Wnts and prevent their interaction with either Fz or LRP5/6 to antagonize Wnt signaling have been identified. These include Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins,16 Wnt-inhibitor protein (WIF),17 soluble Frizzled-related proteins (SFRP),18 Cerebrus,19 Frzb20 and the context dependent Wnt inhibitor Wise.21”
From Wnt signal transduction pathways (2008) · cites this paper as [20]
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Cloning and Expression of the Wnt Antagonists Sfrp-2 and Frzb during Chick Development
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“Several extracellular secreted molecules are Wnt pathway inhibitors that directly bind Wnt ligands such as secreted Frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) (Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997) or Wnt inhibitory factor (WIF) (Hsieh et al., 1999).”
BackgroundFunctional ablation of the mouseLdb1gene results in severe patterning defects during gastrulation
Mukhopadhyay, M., Teufel, A., Yamashita, T., Agulnick, A. D., Chen, L., Downs, K. M., Schindler, A. B., Grinberg, A., Huang, S.-P., Dorward, D. W., et al. (2003) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.00225 · Cited by 143
“Similar constrictions have been observed in mutants that are homozygous for deletions in H f3β (Ang and Rossant, 1994; Weinstein et al., 1994), Lhx1/lim1 (Shawlot and Behringer, 1995; Shawlot et al., 1999), Otx2(Ang et al., 1996) and Nodal (Varlet et al., 1997).”
BackgroundThe role of Xenopus dickkopf1 in prechordal plate specification and neural patterning
Kazanskaya, O., Glinka, A., & Niehrs, C. (2000) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.127.22.4981 · Cited by 143
Satoh, W., Gotoh, T., Tsunematsu, Y., Aizawa, S., & Shimono, A. (2006) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.02274 · Cited by 143
“In Xenopus, overexpression experiments revealed that Dkk1 and FrzB (a member of the Sfrps) antagonize Wnt in the Spemann organizer, which is required for head organizer activity (Glinka et al., 1997; Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997; Niehrs, 1999).”
BackgroundSecreted Frizzled-Related Protein-1 Inhibits RANKL-Dependent Osteoclast Formation
Hausler, K. D., Horwood, N. J., Chuman, Y., Fisher, J., Ellis, J., Martin, T. J., Rubin, J. S., & Gillespie, M. T. (2004) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.040807 · Cited by 142
Involvement of Wnt‐5a in chondrogenic pattern formation in the chick limb bud
Kawakami, Y., Wada, N., Nishimatsu, S., Ishikawa, T., Noji, S., & Nohno, T. (1999) · Development Growth & Differentiation · doi:10.1046/j.1440-169x.1999.00402.x · Cited by 138
“Frzb is known to bind the Wnt1-subclass members, Wnt-1 and Xwnt-8 (Leyns et al. 1997; Wang et al. 1997).”
BackgroundStructure and function of amyloid in Alzheimer's disease
Morgan, C., Colombres, M., Núñez, M. T., & Inestrosa, N. C. (2004) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2004.10.004 · Cited by 146
“Conversely, in the absence of Wnt ligand or its interaction with soluble forms of frizzled proteins which act as a dominant-negative form of the membrane-anchored receptor (Wang et al., 1997), the activity of GSK-3b is switched on phosphorylating b-catenin for ubiquitinproteosome-mediated degradation (Aberle et al.”
BackgroundBayle, J., Fitch, J. L., Jacobsen, K. A., Kumar, R., Lafyatis, R., & Lemaire, R. (2007) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5701101 · Cited by 135
“SFRPs contain an extracellular domain homologous to Wnt receptors, Frizzled, that prevent binding to and activation of Frizzled by Wnts (Wang et al., 1997).”
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Identification and mechanism of regulation of the zebrafish dorsal determinant
Lu, F., Thisse, C., & Thisse, B. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1106801108 · Cited by 132
Frizzled receptor dimerization is sufficient to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Carron, C., Pascal, A., Djiane, A., Boucaut, J., Shi, D., & Umbhauer, M. (2003) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.00451 · Cited by 129
“Furthermore, Wnts can bind to soluble forms of the frizzled proteins (Hsieh et al., 1999a; Hsieh et al., 1999b; Wang et al., 1997), which may act as a dominant-negative form of the receptor (Cadigan et al., 1998; Hsieh et al., 1999a; Hsieh et al., 1999b; Wang et al., 1997; Zhang and Carthew, 1998).”
BackgroundRequirement for Xvent-1 and Xvent-2 gene function in dorsoventral patterning of Xenopus mesoderm
Onichtchouk, D., Glinka, A., & Niehrs, C. (1998) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.125.8.1447 · Cited by 131
Wnt signaling during development of the gastrointestinal tract
Theodosiou, N. A., & Tabin, C. J. (2003) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/s0012-1606(03)00185-4 · Cited by 127
“In addition to factors regulating the activation of Wnt pathways, inhibition of Wnt signaling also contributes to patterning of the vertebrate body plan (Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997a; Xu et al., 1998).”
InfluentialExpression of Islet1 marks the sensory and neuronal lineages in the mammalian inner ear
Radde‐Gallwitz, K., Pan, L., Gan, L., Lin, X., Segil, N., & Chen, P. (2004) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.20257 · Cited by 126
“…that several other genes, such as Tac1 (Bilkei-Gorzo et al., 2002), Nr2f2 (Jonk et al., 1994), and Frzb (Hoang et al., 1996; Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997), have a similar initial expression pattern in the cochlea epithelium, distinctively in the entire ventral portion of the cochlear…”
BackgroundStructurally Related Receptors and Antagonists Compete for Secreted Wnt Ligands
Moon, R. T., Brown, J. D., Yang-Snyder, J., & Miller, J. R. (1997) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81915-7 · Cited by 126
“In a (Wang et al., 1997). range of assays, Frzb binds a Wnt and blocks its signal- Independently, DeRobertis and colleagues were coning, suggesting an unusual competition for Wnt binding tinuing their search for new cDNAs enriched in the gasbetween a structurally related receptor and antagonist.…”
BackgroundInfluentialWang, F., Lin, C., Chen, Y.-J., Wang, C., Yang, K. D., Huang, Y., Sun, Y., & Huang, H.-C. (2005) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1050 · Cited by 125
A novel frizzled gene identified in human esophageal carcinoma mediates APC/β-catenin signals
Tanaka, S., Akiyoshi, T., Mori, M., Wands, J. R., & Sugimachi, K. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.17.10164 · Cited by 124
Ugolini, F., Adélaı̈de, J., Charafe‐Jauffret, E., Nguyen, C., Jacquemier, J. D., Jordan, B., Birnbaum, D., & Pébusque, M. (1999) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202739 · Cited by 124
“Interestingly, FRP1/ SARP2 protein has pro-apoptotic activity (Melkonyan et al., 1997), and is thought to function as an inhibitor of WNT activity (Finch et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997).”
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“For instance, in the wnt pathway, the soluble receptor (Frizzled b) acts as an inhibitor of activation of the membrane bound recepto”
Molecular specification of germ layers in vertebrate embryos
Kiecker, C. M., Bates, T. J. D., & Bell, E. J. D. H. (2015) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-015-2092-y · Cited by 119
“antagonising the Wnt receptor complex frequently failed to affect DV axis formation [96, 100].”
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Secreted Frizzled-related proteins can regulate metanephric development
Yoshino, K., Rubin, J. S., Higinbotham, K. G., Üren, A., Anest, V., Plisov, S. Y., & Perantoni, A. O. (2001) · Mechanisms of Development · doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00282-9 · Cited by 120
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Pera, E. M., & Robertis, E. M. D. (2000) · Mechanisms of Development · doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(00)00394-4 · Cited by 117
Differential inhibition of Wnt‐3a by Sfrp‐1, Sfrp‐2, and Sfrp‐3
Galli, L. M., Barnes, T. L., Cheng, T. L., Acosta, L., Anglade, A., Willert, K., Nusse, R., & Burrus, L. W. (2006) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.20681 · Cited by 117
“The identification of the Sfrp family of secreted inhibitors of Wnt proteins has provided insight into one potential mechanism used to regulate Wnt activity in vivo (Hoang et al., 1996; Finch et al., 1997; Leyns et al., 1997; Melkonyan et al., 1997; Rattner et al., 1997; Salic et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997a).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialRegulatory molecules in kidney development
Burrow, C. R. (2000) · Pediatric Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s004670050049 · Cited by 118
Somitogenesis Controlled by Noggin
Tonegawa, A., & Takahashi, Y. (1998) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1006/dbio.1998.8895 · Cited by 116
“…suggested that counteractions of a morphogen by its antagonist result in a steep and localized reduction of the morphogen activity, leading to an abrupt change in morphogenesis (Hemmati-Brivanlou et al., 1994; Leyns et al., 1997; Piccolo et al., 1996; Wang et al., 1997; Zimmer- man et al., 1996).”
BackgroundInfluentialFormation of morphogen gradients in the Drosophila wing
Strigini, M., & Cohen, S. M. (1999) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1006/scdb.1999.0293 · Cited by 115
Functional and biochemical interactions of Wnts with FrzA, a secreted Wnt antagonist
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Frzb-1, an Antagonist of Wnt-1 and Wnt-8, Does Not Block Signaling by Wnts -3A, -5A, or -11
Wang, S., Krinks, M. H., & Moos, M. C. (1997) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6995 · Cited by 113
Self-citationRegulation of prostate cell growth and morphogenesis by Dickkopf-3
Kawano, Y., Kitaoka, M., Hamada, Y., Walker, M. M., Waxman, J., & Kypta, R. M. (2006) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209661 · Cited by 112
“Recently, extensive studies have revealed that Wnt signalling is negatively regulated by secreted Wnt antagonists such as secreted frizzled related proteins (sFRPs) (Finch et al., 1997; Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997) and Dickkopfs (Dkks) (Mao et al., 2001).”
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Chang, J. T., Esumi, N., Moore, K. B., Li, Y., Zhang, S., Chew, C. E., Goodman, B., Rattner, A., Moody, S. A., Stetten, G., et al. (1999) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/8.4.575 · Cited by 110
“In addition, SFRPs and Wnts can be co-immunoprecipitated ( 17 ,24).”
BackgroundThe Ror receptor tyrosine kinase family
Forrester, W. C. (2002) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-002-8407-9 · Cited by 109
Wnt Signaling: Physiology and Pathology
Prunier, C., Hocevar, B. A., & Howe, P. H. (2004) · Growth Factors · doi:10.1080/08977190410001720860 · Cited by 109
“Secreted factors such as FrzB, WIF and cerebus directly bind to and sequester soluble Wnt factors thus preventing receptor binding (Finch et al., 1997; Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997).”
BackgroundWnt signaling: why is everything so negative?
Brown, J. D., & Moon, R. T. (1998) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0955-0674(98)80140-3 · Cited by 109
Chong, J. M., Üren, A., Rubin, J. S., & Speicher, D. W. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m108533200 · Cited by 108
Fekany-Lee, K., González, E. M., Miller-Bertoglio, V. E., & Solnica‐Krezel, L. (2000) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.127.11.2333 · Cited by 106
Holmen, S. L., Salic, A. N., Diegel, C. R., Kirschner, M. W., & Williams, B. O. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m204989200 · Cited by 106
Mii, Y., & Taira, M. (2011) · Development Growth & Differentiation · doi:10.1111/j.1440-169x.2011.01299.x · Cited by 105
“For instance, Frzb, which is expressed in the head organizer of Xenopus, inhibits Wnt8, a canonical Wnt ligand as a posteriorizing factor (Leyns et al. 1997; Wang et al. 1997).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWnt signal transduction and the formation of the myocardium
Eisenberg, L. M., & Eisenberg, C. A. (2006) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.02.014 · Cited by 108
Sumanas, S., Strege, P. R., Heasman, J., & Ekker, S. C. (2000) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.127.9.1981 · Cited by 105
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Role of cytonemes in Wnt transport
Stanganello, E., & Scholpp, S. (2016) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.182469 · Cited by 104
“Third, molecules acting as antagonists play a role in regulating the Wnt morphogen signaling range (Glinka et al., 1998; Houart et al., 2002; Wang et al., 1997).”
BackgroundBrennan, K. R., González‐Sancho, J. M., Castelo‐Soccio, L. A., Howe, L. R., & Brown, A. M. C. (2004) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207642 · Cited by 106
“These results are consistent with previous reports that the ligand-binding domain of Fzd molecules can act as a competitive inhibitor of canonical Wnt signaling (Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997; Hsieh et al., 1999; Uren et al., 2000).”
ResultEyckmans, J., Roberts, S. J., Schrooten, J., & Luyten, F. P. (2009) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00807.x · Cited by 102
“Similar to Noggin, in BMP signalling, Frzb binds to Wnt ligands, therefore preventing ligand–receptor interaction [53–55].”
BackgroundSelf-citationChapman, S. C., Brown, R., Lees, L., Schoenwolf, G. C., & Lumsden, A. (2004) · Developmental Dynamics · doi:10.1002/dvdy.10491 · Cited by 101
“…the sFRPs (secreted Frizzled Related Proteins; Leyns et al., 1997; Pfeffer et al., 1997), Cerberus (Bouwmeester et al., 1996; Rattner et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997; Zhu et al., 1999; Esteve et al., 2000; Ladher et al., 2000) and Dkk1 (Dickkopf1; Glinka et al., 1998; Piccolo et al., 1999;…”
BackgroundBrickman, J. M., Jones, C. M., Clements, M., Smith, J. C., & Beddington, R. S. P. (2000) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.127.11.2303 · Cited by 100
Mechanisms of Wnt signaling and control
Grainger, S. J., & Willert, K. (2018) · WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1002/wsbm.1422 · Cited by 103
“Sfrps carry a CRD homologous to the ligand-binding domain of Fzd, and the prevailing model has been that Sfrps antagonize Wnt signaling (Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997).”
BackgroundMa, L., Gauvillé, C., Berthois, Y., Degeorges, A., Millot, G., Martin, P., & Calvo, F. M. (1998) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19980925)78:1 · Cited by 28
Making, Exporting, and Modulating Wnts
Langton, P. F., Kakugawa, S., & Vincent, J. (2016) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2016.05.011 · Cited by 98
“…proteins (sFRPs) have a domain that resembles the Wntbinding cysteine-rich domain (CRD) of Frizzled receptors. sFRP3 has been shown to bind Wnt1 and XWnt8 and to inhibit Wnt signalling (Leyns et al., 1997, Lin et al., 1997, Wang et al., 1997), probably by preventing Wnt from binding receptors.”
BackgroundWnt signalling: pathway or network?
Arias, A. M., Browntand, A. M., & Brennan, K. R. (1999) · Current Opinion in Genetics & Development · doi:10.1016/s0959-437x(99)80068-9 · Cited by 97
Secreted Frizzled-related protein potentiation versus inhibition of Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling
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Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 4 Is a Negative Regulator of Peak BMD in SAMP6 Mice
Nakanishi, R., Shimizu, M., Mori, M., Akiyama, H., Okudaira, S., Otsuki, B., Hashimoto, M., Higuchi, K., Hosokawa, M., Tsuboyama, T., et al. (2006) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.060719 · Cited by 98
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7 The Origin and Morphogenesis of Amphibian Somites
Keller, R. E. (1999) · Current topics in developmental biology/Current Topics in Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/s0070-2153(08)60726-7 · Cited by 95
The zinc finger gene Xblimp1 controls anterior endomesodermal cell fate in Spemann's organizer
de Souza, F. S. J., Gawantka, V., Perea-Gómez, A., Delius, H., Ang, S., & Niehrs, C. (1999) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/18.21.6062 · Cited by 94
“…al., 1995), Xbra and chordin (Glinka et al., 1996), otx2, siamois and Xlim1 (Glinka et al., 1997), NCAM (Hemmati-Brivanlou et al., 1994), Xvent2 (Onichtchouk et al., 1996), dkk1 (Glinka et al., 1998), cerberus (Bouwmeester et al., 1996), endodermin (Sasai et al., 1996) and Frzb (Wang et al., 1997).”
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The WNT antagonist cSFRP2 modulates programmed cell death in the developing hindbrain
Ellies, D. L., CHURCH, V. L., Francis‐West, P. H., & Lumsden, A. (2000) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.127.24.5285 · Cited by 94
Wnt signalling pathway: a new target for the treatment of osteoporosis
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“LEYNS L, BOUWMEESTER T, KIM SH, PICCOLO S DE ROBERTIS EM: Frzb-1 is a secreted antagonist of Wnt signaling expressed in the Spemann organizer.”
BackgroundInfluentialDAN is a secreted glycoprotein related to Xenopus cerberus
Stanley, E. G., Biben, C., Kotecha, S., Fabri, L., Tajbakhsh, S., Wang, C.-C., Hatzistavrou, T., Roberts, B., Drinkwater, C. C., Lah, M. S., et al. (1998) · Mechanisms of Development · doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(98)00139-7 · Cited by 91
“, 1997) are known to inhibit signalling by binding directly to their cognate ligands in the extracellular space (Piccolo et al., 1996; Zimmerman et al., 1996; Fainsod et al., 1997; Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997).”
Spatially distinct head and heart inducers within the Xenopus organizer region
Schneider, V., & Mercola, M. A. (1999) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(99)80363-7 · Cited by 89
Dennis, S., Aikawa, M., Szeto, W., D'Amore, P. A., & Papkoff, J. (1999) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.112.21.3815 · Cited by 91
Interactions between Wingless and DFz2 during Drosophila wing development
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Lako, M., Lindsay, S., Lincoln, J., Cairns, P. M., Armstrong, L., & Hole, N. (2001) · Mechanisms of Development · doi:10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00331-8 · Cited by 85
Autocrine/Paracrine Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 2 Induces Cellular Resistance to Apoptosis
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Sfrp1 and Sfrp2 are required for normal male sexual development in mice
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Zygotic Wnt Activity Is Required for Brachyury Expression in the Early Xenopus laevis Embryo
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“The purpose of organizer-expressed Wnt inhibitors like FrzB (Leyns et al., 1997; Wang et al., 1997) was previously thought to be the prevention of Xwnt8 diffusion into the dorsal marginal zone.”
BackgroundeFGF and its mode of action in the community effect during Xenopus myogenesis
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Goosecoid promotes head organizer activity by direct repression of Xwnt8 in Spemann’s organizer
Yao, J., & Kessler, D. S. (2001) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.128.15.2975 · Cited by 82
Wang, Y.-K., Spörle, R., Paperna, T., Schughart, K., & Francke, U. (1999) · Genomics · doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5773 · Cited by 82
Potential Adverse Effects of Dexamethasone Therapy on COVID-19 Patients: Review and Recommendations
Chen, F., Hao, L., Zhu, S., Yang, X., Shi, W., Zheng, K., Wang, T., & Chen, H. (2021) · Infectious Diseases and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40121-021-00500-z · Cited by 82
“Secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) could compete with membrane-bound frizzled proteins for Wnt binding [63], and dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) also mediates the inhibition of Wnt signal [64].”
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“Finally, expressed by stage 3 female oocytes, we identified Forkhead box Q2 involved in early patterning in embryos [73] and Frizzled-1 that interacts specifically with Wnt and regulates axial patterning [74,75].”
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Dynamic microtubules at the vegetal cortex predict the embryonic axis in zebrafish
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FGF signal transduction and the regulation of Cdx gene expression
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“Such a linkage between morphogenesis and cell differentiation is observed in the dorsal mesoderm (Sive et al., 1989; Winklbauer and Keller, 1996).”
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Amacher, S. L., & Kimmel, C. B. (1998) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.125.8.1397 · Cited by 77
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Myocilin Is a Modulator of Wnt Signaling
Kwon, H.-S., Lee, H.-S., Ji, Y., Rubin, J. S., & Tomarev, S. I. (2009) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.01274-08 · Cited by 78
“First, we determined whether secreted inhibitors of Wnt signaling—sFRP1 (17, 64) or sFRP3, also known as FrzB (31, 47, 64, 84)—are able to block stress fiber formation induced by myocilin.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, S., Krinks, M., Lin, K., Luyten, F. P., & Moos, M.
- Affiliations
- United States Food and Drug Administration (US)
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Moos, Malcolm
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-03
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 757-766
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1988350691
- Cited by
- 518
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 17.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- George Washington University
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Renal and related cancers
- Keywords
- FRZB, Spemann organizer, dorsalization, ventralization, gastrulation, axial patterning, MyoD, Wnt signaling inhibition, secreted proteins, Xenopus embryo
- MeSH terms
- Frizzled-Related Proteins, Animals, Biological Transport, Cell Communication, Dogs, Embryonic Induction, Female, Glycoproteins, Male, Mesoderm, Microsomes, Protein Binding, Proteins, Rabbits, RNA, Messenger, Solubility, Transcription, Genetic, Xenopus, Zygote, MyoD Protein, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, COS Cells, Zebrafish Proteins, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Wnt Proteins
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