The DOI matches its Crossref record; 37 of the 37 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Comparison of adaptive pacing therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, graded exercise therapy, and specialist medical care for chronic fatigue syndrome (PACE): a randomised trial
Open accessAbstract
Background Trial findings show cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and graded exercise therapy (GET) can be effective treatments for chronic fatigue syndrome, but patients' organisations have reported that these treatments can be harmful and favour pacing and specialist health care. We aimed to assess effectiveness and safety of all four treatments.Methods In our parallel-group randomised trial, patients meeting Oxford criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome were recruited from six secondary-care clinics in the UK and randomly allocated by computer-generated sequence to receive specialist medical care (SMC) alone or with adaptive pacing therapy (APT), CBT, or GET. Primary outcomes were fatigue (measured by Chalder fatigue questionnaire score) and physical function (measured by short form-36 subscale score) up to 52 weeks after randomisation, and safety was assessed primarily by recording all serious adverse events, including serious adverse reactions to trial treatments. Primary outcomes were rated by participants, who were necessarily unmasked to treatment assignment; the statistician was masked to treatment assignment for the analysis of primary outcomes. We used longitudinal regression models to compare SMC alone with other treatments, APT with CBT, and APT with GET. The final analysis included all participants for whom we had data for primary outcomes. This trial is registered at http://isrctn.org, number ISRCTN54285094.Findings We recruited 641 eligible patients, of whom 160 were assigned to the APT group, 161 to the CBT group, 160 to the GET group, and 160 to the SMC-alone group. Compared with SMC alone, mean fatigue scores at 52 weeks were 3·4 (95% CI 1·8 to 5·0) points lower for CBT (p = 0·0001) and 3·2 (1·7 to 4·8) points lower for GET (p = 0·0003), but did not differ for APT (0·7 [-0·9 to 2·3] points lower; p = 0·38). Compared with SMC alone, mean physical function scores were 7·1 (2·0 to 12·1) points higher for CBT (p = 0·0068) and 9·4 (4·4 to 14·4) points higher for GET (p = 0·0005), but did not differ for APT (3·4 [-1·6 to 8·4] points lower; p=0·18). Compared with APT, CBT and GET were associated with less fatigue (CBT p = 0·0027; GET p = 0·0059) and better physical function (CBT p=0·0002; GET p<0·0001). Subgroup analysis of 427 participants meeting international criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome and 329 participants meeting London criteria for myalgic encephalomyelitis yielded equivalent results. Serious adverse reactions were recorded in two (1%) of 159 participants in the APT group, three (2%) of 161 in the CBT group, two (1%) of 160 in the GET group, and two (1%) of 160 in the SMC-alone group.Interpretation CBT and GET can safely be added to SMC to moderately improve outcomes for chronic fatigue syndrome, but APT is not an effective addition.Funding UK Medical Research Council, Department of Health for England, Scottish Chief Scientist Office, Department for Work and Pensions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) has been shown to reduce symptoms and increase functioning in adults with FSS,27–30”
From Comparing group-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) with enhanced usual care for adolescents with functional somatic syndromes: A study protocol for a randomised trial (2016) · cites this paper as [28]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Research has shown that CBT improves physical functioning and fatigue reduction immediately and some time after treatment [9,10].”
From Cognitive behavior therapy in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: The role of illness acceptance and neuroticism. (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“CBT aimed at increasing functioning, and its objective and content are comparable with manuals of other CBT trials [9,12].”
From Cognitive behavior therapy in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: The role of illness acceptance and neuroticism. (2013) · cites this paper as [9]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The introduction to graded exercise as a means of moderating maladaptive illness behaviour and increasing physical function is also considered an important element in the treatment and has been found effective for chronic fatigue syndrome [21].”
From Internet-delivered treatment for patients suffering from severe functional somatic disorders: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [21]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“CBT has been adapted and tested with CFS patients yielding superior results compared to standard medical treatment, relaxation, and adaptive pacing therapy (Sharpe et al., 1996; Deale et al., 1997; White et al., 2011), with moderate effect sizes (d = 0.48) (Malouff et al., 2008).”
From The relationship between improvement in insomnia severity and long-term outcomes in the treatment of chronic fatigue (2018) · cites this paper as White et al., 2011
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“In the first study, CBT and GET has been found to improve subjective sleep-disturbance significantly more than control-conditions at 1-year follow-up (White et al., 2011).”
From The relationship between improvement in insomnia severity and long-term outcomes in the treatment of chronic fatigue (2018) · cites this paper as White et al., 2011
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“However, post-exertional malaise – which has been proposed as a cardinal symptom for myalgic encephalomyelitis/CFS in the latest NICE-guidelines [14]– could not be systematically aggregated as it was seldom assessed and not uniformly reported [29, 35, 42].”
From Efficacy and Acceptance of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Adults with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Meta-analysis. (2024) · cites this paper as [42]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139
(1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 8,899
MCHORNEY, C. A., JOHNE, W., & ANASTASIAE, R. (1993) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-199303000-00006 · Cited by 6,681
Development of a fatigue scale
Chalder, T., Berelowitz, G., Pawlikowska, T., Watts, L., Wessely, S., Wright, D., & Wallace, E. P. (1993) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(93)90081-p · Cited by 3,032
Self-citationThe Work and Social Adjustment Scale: a simple measure of impairment in functioning
Mundt, J. C., Marks, I. M., Shear, M. K., & Greist, J. M. (2002) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.180.5.461 · Cited by 2,515
Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease.
Butland, R. J., Pang, J., Gross, E. R., Woodcock, A. A., & Geddes, D. M. (1982) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.284.6329.1607 · Cited by 1,668
Methods to Explain the Clinical Significance of Health Status Measures
Guyatt, G. H., Osoba, D., Wu, A. W., Wyrwich, K. W., & Norman, G. R. (2002) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/77.4.371 · Cited by 1,525
A scale for the estimation of sleep problems in clinical research
Jenkins, C. D., Stanton, B.-A., Niemcryk, S. J., & Rose, R. M. (1988) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/0895-4356(88)90138-2 · Cited by 1,216
A report—Chronic fatigue syndrome: Guidelines for research
Sharpe, M. C. (1991) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/014107689108400224 · Cited by 1,026
Self-citationPrins, J. B., van der Meer, J. W., & Bleijenberg, G. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68073-2 · Cited by 974
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- White, 2007, BioMed Cent Neurol, 7, 6
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 893
Carroll, S., Chalder, T., Hemingway, C. A., Heyman, I., & Moss-Morris, R. E. (2015) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.12964 · Cited by 61
Self-citationEnergy conservation/envelope theory interventions
Jason, L. A., Brown, M. M., Brown, A. A., Evans, M. A., Flores, S., Grant-Holler, E., & Sunnquist, M. (2013) · Fatigue Biomedicine Health & Behavior · doi:10.1080/21641846.2012.733602 · Cited by 59
Cho, H. J., Mika Kivimaki, B., Bower, J. E., & Irwin, M. R. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712002437 · Cited by 59
Dartel, S. A. A. R.-V., Repping‐Wuts, H., van Hoogmoed, D., Knoop, H., Bleijenberg, G., van Riel, P. L. C. M., & Fransen, J. (2013) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.22251 · Cited by 59
Chronic fatigue syndrome from vagus nerve infection: a psychoneuroimmunological hypothesis
VanElzakker, M. B. (2013) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2013.05.034 · Cited by 58
Cafri, G., Hedeker, D., & Aarons, G. A. (2015) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/met0000043 · Cited by 58
Moss-Morris, R. E., Deary, V., & Castell, B. (2013) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-52901-5.00025-3 · Cited by 58
Oka, T., Tanahashi, T., Chijiwa, T., Lkhagvasuren, B., Sudo, N., & Oka, K. (2014) · BioPsychoSocial Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13030-014-0027-8 · Cited by 59
The epidemiology of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalitis in children
Crawley, E. M. (2013) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2012-302156 · Cited by 56
Internet-Based Therapy for Adolescents With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Long-term Follow-up
Nijhof, S. L., Priesterbach-Ackley, L. P., Uiterwaal, C. S. P. M., Bleijenberg, G., Kimpen, J. L. L., & van de Putte, E. M. (2013) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-2007 · Cited by 56
Fatigue in an adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder population: A trans‐diagnostic approach
Rogers, D. C., Dittner, A. J., Rimes, K. A., & Chalder, T. (2017) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjc.12119 · Cited by 50
Self-citationRyan, E., Vitoratou, S., Goldsmith, K., & Chalder, T. (2017) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000536 · Cited by 55
Self-citationGotaas, M. E., Stiles, T. C., Bjørngaard, J. H., Borchgrevink, P. C., & Fors, E. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.580924 · Cited by 55
Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a functional somatic syndrome
Warren, J. W. (2014) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.10.003 · Cited by 54
Abonie, U. S., SANDERCOCK, G. R. H., Heesterbeek, M., & Hettinga, F. J. (2018) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2018.1504994 · Cited by 54
Wilshire, C. E., Kindlon, T., Matthees, A., & McGrath, S. J. (2016) · Fatigue Biomedicine Health & Behavior · doi:10.1080/21641846.2017.1259724 · Cited by 54
Defining recovery in chronic fatigue syndrome: a critical review
Adamowicz, J. L., Caikauskaite, I., & Friedberg, F. (2014) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/s11136-014-0705-9 · Cited by 53
Tummers, M., Knoop, H., van Dam, A., & Bleijenberg, G. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712000232 · Cited by 53
Cognitive Dysfunction in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: a Review of Recent Evidence
Cvejic, E., Birch, R. C., & Vollmer-Conna, U. S. (2016) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-016-0577-9 · Cited by 54
Living well with chronic pain: a classical grounded theory
Lennox Thompson, B., Gage, J., & Kirk, R. (2020) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2018.1517195 · Cited by 53
The ‘cognitive behavioural model’ of chronic fatigue syndrome: Critique of a flawed model
Geraghty, K., Jason, L. A., Sunnquist, M., Tuller, D., Blease, C., & Adeniji, C. (2019) · Health Psychology Open · doi:10.1177/2055102919838907 · Cited by 56
Cognitions, behaviours and co-morbid psychiatric diagnoses in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
Cella, M., White, P. D., Sharpe, M., & Chalder, T. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712000979 · Cited by 55
Self-citationTwisk, F. (2014) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00109 · Cited by 51
Activity Pacing Self-Management in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Kos, D., Eupen, I. V., Meirte, J., Cauwenbergh, D. V., Moorkens, G. H., Meeus, M., & Nijs, J. (2015) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.2015.016287 · Cited by 50
Mediators of the effects on fatigue of pragmatic rehabilitation for chronic fatigue syndrome.
Wearden, A. J., & Emsley, R. (2013) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033561 · Cited by 54
Brigden, A., Parslow, R. M., Gaunt, D., Collin, S. M., Jones, A., & Crawley, E. M. (2018) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-018-1028-2 · Cited by 50
Exercise therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome
Larun, L., Brurberg, K. G., Odgaard‐Jensen, J., & Price, J. R. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003200.pub6 · Cited by 56
Marques, M. M., De Gucht, V., Gouveia, M. J., Leal, I., & Maes, S. (2015) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.05.009 · Cited by 50
Fowler‐Davis, S., Platts, K., Thelwell, M., Woodward, A., & Harrop, D. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0259533 · Cited by 51
Casson, S. M., Jones, M. D., Cassar, J., Kwai, N. C. G., Lloyd, A. R., Barry, B. K., & Sandler, C. X. (2022) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2022.2135776 · Cited by 51
Lloyd, S., Chalder, T., & Rimes, K. A. (2012) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2012.08.005 · Cited by 50
Self-citationCrawley, E. M., Collin, S. M., White, P. D., Rimes, K. A., Sterne, J. A. C., May, M., & Database, C. N. O. (2013) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hct061 · Cited by 50
Self-citationDaniels, J., Brigden, A., & Kacorova, A. (2017) · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12118 · Cited by 55
Adamson, J., Ali, S., Santhouse, A. M., Wessely, S. C., & Chalder, T. (2020) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/0141076820951545 · Cited by 50
Self-citationMeeus, M., Ickmans, K., Struyf, F., Kos, D., Lambrecht, L., Willekens, B. M. P., Cras, P. P., & Nijs, J. (2014) · Clinical Rheumatology · doi:10.1007/s10067-014-2793-x · Cited by 51
Arnett, S., & Clark, I. A. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.04.004 · Cited by 49
Hughes, A. M., Hirsch, C. R., Chalder, T., & Moss-Morris, R. E. (2016) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjhp.12207 · Cited by 52
Self-citationCollin, S. M., Nuevo, R., van de Putte, E. M., Nijhof, S. L., & Crawley, E. M. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008830 · Cited by 48
Burgess, M., Andiappan, M., & Chalder, T. (2011) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465811000543 · Cited by 48
Self-citationEfficacy of Exercise Therapy in Persons with Burnout. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Ochentel, O., Humphrey, C., & Pfeifer, K. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 48
McGregor, N., Armstrong, C. W., Lewis, D. P., & Gooley, P. R. (2019) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics9030070 · Cited by 47
Vos-Vromans, D. C. W. M., Smeets, R., Huijnen, I. P. J., Köke, A. J. A., Hitters, M. W. M. G. C., Rijnders, L. J. M., Pont, M., Winkens, B., & Knottnerus, J. A. (2015) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12402 · Cited by 47
Do graded activity therapies cause harm in chronic fatigue syndrome?
Kindlon, T. (2017) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105317697323 · Cited by 47
Morris, G., Puri, B. K., Walker, A. J., Maes, M. H. J., Carvalho, A. F., Walder, K. R., Mazza, C., & Berk, M. (2019) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104450 · Cited by 47
Everitt, H., Landau, S., Little, P., Bishop, F. L., McCrone, P., O'Reilly, G., Coleman, N., Logan, R., Chalder, T., & Moss-Morris, R. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008622 · Cited by 45
Self-citationHunt, J. (2022) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2022.2099250 · Cited by 45
Dougall, D., Johnson, A. L., Goldsmith, K., Sharpe, M., Angus, B., Chalder, T., & White, P. D. (2014) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.04.002 · Cited by 46
Self-citationNature of fatigue moderates depressive symptoms and anxiety in sarcoidosis
de Kleijn, W. P. E., Drent, M., & Vries, J. D. (2012) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8287.2012.02094.x · Cited by 45
Myhill, S., Booth, N. E., & McLaren-Howard, J. (2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 45
Kristiansen, M. S., Stabursvik, J., O'Leary, E. C., Pedersen, M., Asprusten, T. T., Leegaard, T. M., Osnes, L., Tjade, T., Skovlund, E., Godang, K., et al. (2019) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.040 · Cited by 49
Management of mild traumatic brain injury
van Gils, A., Stone, J., Welch, K. A., Davidson, L., Kerslake, D., Caesar, D., McWhirter, L., & Carson, A. J. (2020) · Practical Neurology · doi:10.1136/practneurol-2018-002087 · Cited by 48
How to exercise people with chronic fatigue syndrome: evidence‐based practice guidelines
Cauwenbergh, D. V., Kooning, M. D., Ickmans, K., & Nijs, J. (2012) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2012.02701.x · Cited by 45
Lattie, E. G., Antoni, M. H., FLETCHER, M. A., Penedo, F. J., Czaja, S. J., Lopez, C. R., Perdomo, D. M., Sala, A., Nair, S. N., Fu, S. H., et al. (2012) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.02.008 · Cited by 47
Prevalence and predictors of recovery from chronic fatigue syndrome in a routine clinical practice
Flo, E., & Chalder, T. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.08.013 · Cited by 44
Self-citationReplication initiatives will not salvage the trustworthiness of psychology
Coyne, J. C. (2016) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-016-0134-3 · Cited by 46
Occupational therapy for functional neurological disorders: a scoping review and agenda for research
Gardiner, P., Macgregor, L., Carson, A. J., & Stone, J. (2017) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852917000797 · Cited by 46
Processes in acceptance and commitment therapy and the rehabilitation of chronic fatigue.
Jacobsen, H. B., Kallestad, H., Landrø, N. I., Borchgrevink, P. C., & Stiles, T. C. (2017) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/sjop.12363 · Cited by 43
Crawley, E. M., Gaunt, D., Garfield, K., Hollingworth, W., Sterne, J. A. C., Beasant, L., Collin, S. M., Mills, N., & Montgomery, A. A. (2017) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2017-313375 · Cited by 43
Vink, M., & Vink-Niese, F. (2019) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics9040124 · Cited by 47
Nacul, L., Lacerda, E., Kingdon, C. C., Curran, H., & Bowman, E. W. (2017) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105317695803 · Cited by 41
Chronic fatigue syndrome and an illness-focused approach to care: controversy, morality and paradox
Sharpe, M., & Greco, M. (2019) · Medical Humanities · doi:10.1136/medhum-2018-011598 · Cited by 42
Self-citationCreed, F. H., Kroenke, K., Henningsen, P., Gudi, A., & White, P. D. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511977862.004 · Cited by 40
Self-citationSupplementation with Guanidinoacetic Acid in Women with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Ostojić, S. M., Stojanović, M. D. M., Drid, P., Hoffman, J. R., Sekulić, D., & Zenić, N. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8020072 · Cited by 40
Everitt, H., Landau, S., Little, P. S., Bishop, F. L., O’Reilly, G., Sibelli, A., Holland, R., Hughes, S. F., Windgassen, S., McCrone, P., et al. (2019) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta23170 · Cited by 40
Self-citationThe Importance of Unresolved Fatigue in Depression: Costs and Comorbidities
Robinson, R. L., Stephenson, J. J., Dennehy, E. B., Grabner, M., Faries, D. E., Palli, S. R., & Swindle, R. W. (2014) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/j.psym.2014.08.003 · Cited by 45
Chronic fatigue syndrome – A neuroimmunological model
Arnett, S., Alleva, L. M., Korossy-Horwood, R., & Clark, I. A. (2011) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2011.03.030 · Cited by 40
Schröder, A., & Fink, P. (2011) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2011.05.008 · Cited by 39
Vink, M., & Vink-Niese, A. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10050898 · Cited by 38
Stahl, D. R., Rimes, K. A., & Chalder, T. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713002006 · Cited by 39
Self-citationClinical Practice: Chronic fatigue syndrome
Werker, C. L., Nijhof, S. L., & van de Putte, E. M. (2013) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-013-2058-8 · Cited by 39
The role of the therapeutic relationship in cognitive behaviour therapy for chronic fatigue syndrome
Heins, M. J., Knoop, H., & Bleijenberg, G. (2013) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2013.02.001 · Cited by 39
Mayo, N. E., Moriello, C., Scott, S. C., Dawes, D., Auais, M. A., & Chasen, M. R. (2014) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/0269215514536209 · Cited by 40
Keijmel, S. P., Saxe, J., van der Meer, J. W. M., Nikolaus, S., Netea, M. G., Bleijenberg, G., Bleeker‐Rovers, C. P., & Knoop, H. (2015) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.07.005 · Cited by 40
Antcliff, D., Campbell, M., Woby, S. R., & Keeley, P. (2015) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20140405 · Cited by 40
Rasouli, O., Gotaas, M. E., Stensdotter, A., Skovlund, E., Landrø, N. I., Dåstøl, P., & Fors, E. A. (2019) · Neuropsychology · doi:10.1037/neu0000550 · Cited by 39
Post-exertional Malaise in People With Chronic Cancer-Related Fatigue
Twomey, R., Yeung, S. T., Wrightson, J. G., Millet, G. Y., & Culos-Reed, S. N. (2020) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.02.012 · Cited by 38
Bachmair, E., Martin, K. R., Aucott, L. S., Dhaun, N., Dures, E. K., Emsley, R., Gray, S. R., Kidd, E., Кумар, В., Lovell, K., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Rheumatology · doi:10.1016/s2665-9913(22)00156-4 · Cited by 39
Somatic symptoms: beyond ‘medically unexplained’
Sharpe, M. (2013) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.112.122523 · Cited by 41
Self-citationCorrelates of Perceived Health-Related Quality of Life in Post-treatment Lyme Encephalopathy
Chandra, A., Keilp, J. G., & Fallon, B. A. (2013) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/j.psym.2013.04.003 · Cited by 38
Low putamen activity associated with poor reward sensitivity in childhood chronic fatigue syndrome
Mizuno, K., Kawatani, J., Tajima, K., Sasaki, A. T., Yoneda, T., Komi, M., Hirai, T., Tomoda, A., Joudoi, T., & Watanabe, Y. (2016) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2016.09.016 · Cited by 40
Vink, M., & Vink-Niese, A. (2018) · Health Psychology Open · doi:10.1177/2055102918805187 · Cited by 44
Abonie, U. S., Edwards, A. M., & Hettinga, F. J. (2020) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1721254 · Cited by 40
New NICE guideline on chronic fatigue syndrome: more ideology than science?
Flottorp, S. A., Brurberg, K. G., Fink, P., Knoop, H., & Wyller, V. B. B. (2022) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(22)00183-0 · Cited by 38
Alingh, R. A., Hoekstra, F., van der Schans, C. P., Hettinga, F. J., Dekker, R., & van der Woude, L. H. V. (2015) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007591 · Cited by 38
Physical treatment of functional neurologic disorders
Nielsen, G. (2016) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801772-2.00045-x · Cited by 36
Chronic fatigue syndrome and quality of life
Roberts, D. (2018) · Patient Related Outcome Measures · doi:10.2147/prom.s155642 · Cited by 37
Herane-Vives, A., Papadopoulos, A. S., de Angel, V., Chua, K., Soto, L., Chalder, T., Young, A. H., & Cleare, A. J. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.146 · Cited by 40
Self-citationMcCarthy, M. J. (2022) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100412 · Cited by 37
Development and Evaluation of a Cognitive Behavioural Intervention for Chronic Post-Stroke Insomnia
Herron, K., Farquharson, L., Wroe, A., & Sterr, A. (2018) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s1352465818000061 · Cited by 38
Honkalampi, K. M., Urhonen, H.-R., & Virtanen, M. (2024) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2024.2301972 · Cited by 40
Morris, G., & Maes, M. H. J. (2013) · PubMed · doi:10.26187/deakin.33284055 · Cited by 36
Chronic fatigue syndrome and long covid: moving beyond the controversy
Newman, M. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n1559 · Cited by 36
Interventions in Pediatric Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Systematic Review
Knight, S., Scheinberg, A. M., & Harvey, A. R. (2013) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.009 · Cited by 38
Understanding medical students’ views of chronic fatigue syndrome: A qualitative study
Stenhoff, A., Sadreddini, S., Peters, S., & Wearden, A. J. (2013) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105313501534 · Cited by 35
Fatigue in Prevalent Haemodialysis Patients Predicts All-cause Mortality and Kidney Transplantation
Picariello, F., Norton, S., Moss-Morris, R. E., Macdougall, I. C., & Chilcot, J. (2018) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/abm/kay061 · Cited by 33
NICE cautions against using graded exercise therapy for patients recovering from covid-19
Torjesen, I. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m2912 · Cited by 35
Comparative effectiveness research: the missing link in conservation
Smith, R. K., Dicks, L. V., Mitchell, R. E., & Sutherland, W. J. (2014) · Cited by 34
Testing a newly developed activity pacing framework for chronic pain/fatigue: a feasibility study
Antcliff, D., Keenan, A., Keeley, P., Woby, S. R., & McGowan, L. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045398 · Cited by 34
Bayliss, K., Riste, L., Fisher, L., Wearden, A. J., Peters, S., Lovell, K., & Chew-Graham, C. A. (2013) · Primary Health Care Research & Development · doi:10.1017/s1463423613000145 · Cited by 38
A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions for primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Hackett, K. L., Deane, K. H., Strassheim, V., Deary, V., Rapley, T., Newton, J. L., & Ng, W. (2015) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kev227 · Cited by 34
Metadata
- Authors
- White, P., Goldsmith, K., Johnson, A., Potts, L., Walwyn, R., DeCesare, J., Baber, H., Burgess, M., Clark, L., Cox, D., Bavinton, J., Angus, B., Murphy, G., Murphy, M., O'Dowd, H., Wilks, D., McCrone, P., Chalder, T., & Sharpe, M.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Barts Health NHS Trust (GB)
- John Radcliffe Hospital (GB)
- The Royal Free Hospital (GB)
- Western General Hospital (GB)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 377
- Issue
- 9768
- Pages
- 823-836
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- PMC
- PMC3065633
- OpenAlex
- W2136415723
- Cited by
- 897
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 84 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 78 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 60
- FWCI
- 47.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Insight (University of Cumbria) (acceptedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- the UK Medical Research Council (MRC G0200434)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Keywords
- chronic fatigue syndrome, cognitive behavioral therapy, graded exercise therapy, specialist care, fatigue, physical function, treatment safety, adverse events, PACE trial, treatment effectiveness comparison, patient-reported outcomes, Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire, SF-36 physical functioning, serious adverse events
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Specialization, Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
