Cited by 796Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthCholesterol and Lipid MetabolismCancer, Lipids, and Metabolism

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 187 of the 187 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

New insights into the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of statins

Corsini, Alberto, Bellosta, Stefano, Baetta, Roberta, Fumagalli, Remo, Paoletti, Rodolfo, Bernini, Franco·1999·Pharmacology & Therapeutics

DOI 10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00045-5

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The beneficial effects of statins are assumed to result from their ability to reduce cholesterol biosynthesis. However, because mevalonic acid is the precursor not only of cholesterol, but also of many nonsteroidal isoprenoid compounds, inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase may result in pleiotropic effects. It has been shown that several statins decrease smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation and that sera from fluvastatin-treated patients interfere with its proliferation. Cholesterol accumulation in macrophages can be inhibited by different statins, while both fluvastatin and simvastatin inhibit secretion of metalloproteinases by human monocyte-derived macrophages. The antiatherosclerotic effects of statins may be achieved by modifying hypercholesterolemia and the arterial wall environment as well. Although statins rarely have severe adverse effects, interactions with other drugs deserve attention. Simvastatin, lovastatin, cerivastatin, and atorvastatin are biotransformed in the liver primarily by cytochrome P450-3A4, and are susceptible to drug interactions when co-administered with potential inhibitors of this enzyme. Indeed, pharmacokinetic interactions (e.g., increased bioavailability), myositis, and rhabdomyolysis have been reported following concurrent use of simvastatin or lovastatin and cyclosporine A, mibefradil, or nefazodone. In contrast, fluvastatin (mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450-2C9) and pravastatin (eliminated by other metabolic routes) are less subject to this interaction. Nevertheless, a 5- to 23-fold increase in pravastatin bioavailability has been reported in the presence of cyclosporine A. In summary, statins may have direct effects on the arterial wall, which may contribute to their antiatherosclerotic actions. Furthermore, some statins may have lower adverse drug interaction potential than others, which is an important determinant of safety during long-term therapy.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00045-5

Cites

187 of 187 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
(1976) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.1093/ajhp/33.4.373a · Cited by 9,216
Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)
OLSSON, A. G., McMurray, J. J. V., Thorgeirsson, G., Spaulding, C. M., Slattery, J., Pyörälà, K., Færgeman, O., Wright, R. S., Berg, K. M., Wilhelmsen, L., et al. (1994) · The Lancet · Cited by 8,467
Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease with Pravastatin in Men with Hypercholesterolemia
Shepherd, J., Cobbe, S. M., Ford, I., Isles, C. G., Lorimer, A. R., Macfarlane, P. W., McKillop, J. H., & Packard, C. J. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199511163332001 · Cited by 7,449
The Effect of Pravastatin on Coronary Events after Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Average Cholesterol Levels
Sacks, F. M., Pfeffer, M. A., Moye, L. A., Rouleau, J. L., Rutherford, J. D., Cole, T. G., Brown, L., Warnica, J. W., Arnold, J. M. O., Wun, C.-C., et al. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199610033351401 · Cited by 7,439
Regulation of the mevalonate pathway
Goldstein, J. L., & Brown, M. S. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/343425a0 · Cited by 5,394
Prevention of Cardiovascular Events and Death with Pravastatin in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and a Broad Range of Initial Cholesterol Levels
(1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199811053391902 · Cited by 5,261
Primary Prevention of Acute Coronary Events With Lovastatin in Men and Women With Average Cholesterol Levels: Results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS
Downs, J. R., Clearfield, M., Weis, S., Whitney, E., Shapiro, D. R., Beere, P. A., Langendorfer, A., Stein, E. A., Kruyer, W., Gotto, Jr., et al. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.279.20.1615 · Cited by 5,236
Coronary Plaque Disruption
Falk, E., Shah, P. K., & Fuster, V. (1995) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.3.657 · Cited by 3,536
PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE WITH PRAVASTATIN IN MEN WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
Hepherd, J. A. S., Obbe, S. T. M. C., Ord, I. A. F., Sles, C. H. G. I., Orimer, A. R. O. L., Acfarlane, P. E. W. M., Illop, J. A. H. M. C. K., Ackard, C. H. J. P., & Roup, S. T. G. (1995) · Cited by 3,453
PROTEIN PRENYLATION: Molecular Mechanisms and Functional Consequences
Zhang, F. L., & Casey, P. J. (1996) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.001325 · Cited by 2,018

Show all 186 references

Research works printed but not linked: 8

Fischer, 1999, The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor fluvastatin, Drug Metab Dispos, 27, 410
Henwood, 1995, Lovastatin. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic properties and therapeutic use in hyperlipidaemia, Drugs, 31, 9
Hoffman, 1992, The interaction of lovastatin and warfarin, Conn Med, 56, 107
Mai, 1997, Clinical pharmacokinetics of a new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in renal transplant patients treated with cyclosporin A (CSA), Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 52, A137
Raiteri, 1997, Pharmacological control of the mevalonate pathway, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 281, 1144
1994, Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease, Lancet, 344, 1383
Smith, 1991, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor-induced myopathy in the rat, J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 257, 1225
Soma, 1995, In vitro and in vivo enhanced anti-tumor activity of carmustine (BCNU) by simvastatin, a hypocholesterolemic drug, Cancer Res, 55, 597

Sorted by citations

PLEIOTROPIC EFFECTS OF STATINS
Liao, J. K., & Laufs, U. (2005) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.45.120403.095748 · Cited by 1,994
Major Outcomes in Moderately Hypercholesterolemic, Hypertensive Patients Randomized to Pravastatin vs Usual Care: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT)
The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research; Group, T. A. O. A. C. F. T. A. C. R. G. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.288.23.2998 · Cited by 1,328
Chemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of statins: an update
Schächter, M. (2004) · Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1472-8206.2004.00299.x · Cited by 1,247
Statins: mechanism of action and effects
Stancu, C., & Sima, A. (2001) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2001.tb00172.x · Cited by 911
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Atorvastatin
s, H. L. (2003) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200342130-00005 · Cited by 636
Safety of Statins: Focus on Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions
Bellosta, S., Paoletti, R., & Corsini, A. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000131519.15067.1f · Cited by 578
Self-citation
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic alterations of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors: Drug–drug interactions and interindividual differences in transporter and metabolic enzyme functions
Shitara, Y., & Sugiyama, Y. (2006) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2006.03.003 · Cited by 583
Pleiotropic Effects of Statins - Basic Research and Clinical Perspectives -
Zhou, Q., & Liao, J. K. (2010) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-10-0110 · Cited by 568
Pharmacological Actions of Statins: A Critical Appraisal in the Management of Cancer
Gazzerro, P., Proto, M., Gangemi, G., Malfitano, A. M., Ciaglia, E., Pisanti, S., Santoro, A., Laezza, C., & Bifulco, M. (2011) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.111.004994 · Cited by 465
Risk for Myopathy With Statin Therapy in High-Risk Patients
Ballantyne, C. M., Corsini, A., Davidson, M. H., Holdaas, H., Jacobson, T. A., Leitersdorf, E., März, W., Reckless, J. P. D., & Stein, E. A. (2003) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.163.5.553 · Cited by 456
Self-citation
SIROLIMUS ALLOWS EARLY CYCLOSPORINE WITHDRAWAL IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION RESULTING IN IMPROVED RENAL FUNCTION AND LOWER BLOOD PRESSURE1,2,10
Johnson, R. W. G., Kreis, H., Oberbauer, R. W., Brattström, C., Claesson, K., & Eris, J. (2001) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/00007890-200109150-00007 · Cited by 432
Oxygen Free Radical Release in Human Failing Myocardium Is Associated With Increased Activity of Rac1-GTPase and Represents a Target for Statin Treatment
Maack, C., Kartes, T., Kilter, H., Schäfers, H., Nickenig, G., Böhm, M., & Laufs, U. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000091084.46500.bb · Cited by 424
Lipoproteins and lipids in cardiovascular disease: from mechanistic insights to therapeutic targeting
Soppert, J., Lehrke, M., Marx, N., Jankowski, J., & Noels, H. (2020) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.019 · Cited by 440
Isoprenoids as mediators of the biological effects of statins
Liao, J. K. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci0216421 · Cited by 352
Non-lipid-related effects of statins
Bellosta, S., Fed, N., Bernini, F., Paoletti, R., & Corsini, A. (2000) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890008998823 · Cited by 338
Self-citation
Mechanisms of Clinically Relevant Drug Interactions Associated with Tacrolimus
Christians, U., Jacobsen, W., Benet, L. Z., & Lampen, A. (2002) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200241110-00003 · Cited by 324
Antidepressant-Induced Sexual Dysfunction
Gregorian, R. S., Golden, K. A., Bahce, A., Goodman, C., Kwong, W. J., & Khan, Z. M. (2002) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1a195 · Cited by 320
Effects of Statins on 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibition Beyond Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Liao, J. K. (2005) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.06.009 · Cited by 310
The Influence of Age and Sex on the Clearance of Cytochrome P450 3A Substrates
Cotreau, M. M., Moltke, L. L., & Greenblatt, D. J. (2005) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200544010-00002 · Cited by 291
Current overview of statin-induced myopathy
Rosenson, R. S. (2004) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.10.033 · Cited by 285
Mechanistic Studies on Metabolic Interactions between Gemfibrozil and Statins
Prueksaritanont, T., Zhao, J. J., Ma, B., Roadcap, B. A., Tang, C., Qiu, Y., Liu, L., Lin, J. H., Pearson, P. G., & Baillie, T. A. (2002) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.301.3.1042 · Cited by 282
Statin Use and the Risk of Incident Dementia
Rea, T. D., Breitner, J. C. S., Psaty, B. M., Fitzpatrick, A. L., López, O. L., Newman, A. B., Hazzard, W. R., Zandi, P. P., Burke, G. L., Lyketsos, C. G., et al. (2005) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.62.7.1047 · Cited by 277
Clinical Pharmacology of Bosentan, a Dual Endothelin Receptor Antagonist
Dingemanse, J., & van Giersbergen, P. L. M. (2004) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200443150-00003 · Cited by 272
Use of Statins and Risk of Fractures
van Staa, T. P. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.285.14.1850 · Cited by 272
Hsp90 and Caveolin Are Key Targets for the Proangiogenic Nitric Oxide–Mediated Effects of Statins
Brouet, A., Sonveaux, P., Dessy, C., Moniotte, S., Balligand, J., & Féron, O. (2001) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/hh2201.100319 · Cited by 268
Statins: Mechanisms of neuroprotection
van der Most, P. J., Dolga, A. M., Nijholt, I. M., Luiten, P. G. M., & Eisel, U. L. M. (2009) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2009.02.002 · Cited by 268
Preparation, characterization and in vivo evaluation of amorphous atorvastatin calcium nanoparticles using supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process
Kim, M., Jin, S.-J., Kim, J.-S., Park, H. J., Song, H.-S., Neubert, R. H. H., & Hwang, S. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.01.007 · Cited by 267
Beyond lipid lowering: the role of statins in vascular protection
Liao, J. K. (2002) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00195-x · Cited by 263
SLCO1B1 polymorphism and sex affect the pharmacokinetics of pravastatin but not fluvastatin
Niemi, M., Pasanen, M. K., & Neuvonen, P. J. (2006) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2006.06.010 · Cited by 250
The bisphosphonate acute phase response: rapid and copious production of proinflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood gd T cells in response to aminobisphosphonates is inhibited by statins
Hewitt, R. E., Lissina, A., Green, A. E., Slay, E. S., Price, D. A., & Sewell, A. K. (2004) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02665.x · Cited by 239
The role of statins in both cognitive impairment and protection against dementia: a tale of two mechanisms
Schultz, B. G., Patten, D. K., & Berlau, D. J. (2018) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-018-0110-3 · Cited by 235
Association Between Use of Statins and Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Virus Infections: A Multistate Study
Vandermeer, M., Thomas, A. R., Kamimoto, L., Reingold, A. L., Gershman, K. A., Meek, J. I., Farley, M. M., Ryan, P., Lynfield, R., Baumbach, J., et al. (2011) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jir695 · Cited by 223
Statin-induced myopathies
Tomaszewski, M., Stępień, K. M., Tomaszewska, J., & Czuczwar, S. J. (2011) · Pharmacological Reports · doi:10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70601-6 · Cited by 224
Use of Cryopreserved Human Hepatocytes in Sandwich Culture to Measure Hepatobiliary Transport
Bi, Y.-A., Kazolias, D., & Duignan, D. B. (2006) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.105.009118 · Cited by 216
Statins Prevent Bisphosphonate-Induced γ,δ-T-Cell Proliferation and Activation In Vitro
Thompson, K., & Rogers, M. J. (2004) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.0301230 · Cited by 219
Statins as immunomodulators
Neuhaus, O., Strasser‐Fuchs, S., Fazekas, F., Kieseier, B., Niederwieser, G., Hartung, H. ‐., & Archelos, J. J. (2002) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.59.7.990 · Cited by 214
Statin therapy causes gut dysbiosis in mice through a PXR-dependent mechanism
Caparros-Martin, J. A., Lareu, R. R., Ramsay, J. P., Peplies, J., Reen, F. J., Headlam, H. A., Ward, N. C., Croft, K. D., Newsholme, P., Hughes, J., et al. (2017) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0312-4 · Cited by 215
DIFFERENTIAL INTERACTION OF 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS WITH ABCB1, ABCC2, AND OATP1B1
Chen, C., Mireles, R. J., Campbell, S. D., Lin, J., Mills, J. B., Xu, J. J., & Smolarek, T. A. (2004) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.104.002477 · Cited by 210
Pharmacology of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors
Baetta, R., & Corsini, A. (2011) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/11591400-000000000-00000 · Cited by 213
Self-citation
Environmental Technologies to Treat Sulfur Pollution: Principles and Engineering
(2023) · IWA Publishing eBooks · doi:10.2166/9781789064131 · Cited by 208
Pathophysiological role of neutrophils in acute myocardial infarction
Carbone, F., Nencioni, A., Mach, F., Vuilleumier, N., & Montecucco, F. (2013) · Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1160/th13-03-0211 · Cited by 204
Clinically relevant differences between the statins: implications for therapeutic selection
Chong, P. H., Seeger, J. D., & Franklin, C. M. (2001) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(01)00870-1 · Cited by 195
HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitors and P‐glycoprotein modulation
Bogman, K., Peyer, A., Török, M., Küsters, E., & Drewe, J. (2001) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703920 · Cited by 194
Discovery of a potent HMG-CoA reductase degrader that eliminates statin-induced reductase accumulation and lowers cholesterol
Jiang, S.-Y., Li, H., Tang, J.-J., Wang, J., Luo, J., Liu, B., Wang, J.-K., Shi, X.-J., Cui, H.-W., Tang, J., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07590-3 · Cited by 173
Risk Factors and Drug Interactions Predisposing to Statin-Induced Myopathy
Chatzizisis, Y. S., Koskinas, K. C., Misirli, G., Vaklavas, C., Hatzitolios, A. I., & Giannoglou, G. D. (2010) · Drug Safety · doi:10.2165/11319380-000000000-00000 · Cited by 187
Beyond lipid-lowering: effects of statins on endothelial nitric oxide
Laufs, U. (2003) · European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00228-002-0556-0 · Cited by 185
Role of P‐glycoprotein in Statin Drug Interactions
Holtzman, C. W., Wiggins, B. S., & Spinler, S. A. (2006) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1592/phco.26.11.1601 · Cited by 184
Immediate Antioxidant and Antiplatelet Effect of Atorvastatin via Inhibition of Nox2
Pignatelli, P., Carnevale, R., Pastori, D., Cangemi, R., Napoleone, L., Bartimoccia, S., Nocella, C., Basili, S., & Violi, F. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.095554 · Cited by 182
Statin drug interactions and related adverse reactions: an update
Bellosta, S., & Corsini, A. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1394455 · Cited by 179
Self-citation
Pleiotropic effects of statins: new therapeutic targets in drug design
Bedi, O., Dhawan, V., Sharma, P. L., & Kumar, P. (2016) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-016-1252-4 · Cited by 186
Physicochemical properties and oral bioavailability of amorphous atorvastatin hemi-calcium using spray-drying and SAS process
Kim, J.-S., Kim, M., Park, H. J., Jin, S.-J., Lee, S., & Hwang, S. (2008) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.006 · Cited by 176
Role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in atherosclerosis: Current state and future perspectives
Baetta, R., & Corsini, A. (2009) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.028 · Cited by 171
Self-citation
Treatment With Simvastatin Suppresses the Development of Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in Normal and Hypercholesterolemic Mice
Steinmetz, E. F., Buckley, C., Shames, M. L., Ennis, T. L., VanVickle-Chavez, S. J., Mao, D., Goeddel, L. A., Hawkins, C. J., & Thompson, R. W. (2005) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000150258.36236.e0 · Cited by 169
Effect of Statin Withdrawal on Frequency of Cardiac Events After Vascular Surgery
Schouten, O., Hoeks, S. E., Welten, G. M. J. M., Davignon, J., Kastelein, J. J. P., Vidaković, R., Feringa, H. H. H., Dunkelgrün, M., van Domburg, R. T., Bax, J. J., et al. (2007) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.02.093 · Cited by 166
Effects of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors on Coagulation and Fibrinolysis Processes
Krysiak, R. G., Okopie, B., & Herman, Z. S. (2003) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-200363170-00005 · Cited by 165
Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Fluvastatin
Scripture, C. D., & Pieper, J. A. (2001) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.2165/00003088-200140040-00003 · Cited by 165
Combination of simvastatin with berberine improves the lipid-lowering efficacy
Kong, W., Wei, J., Zuo, Z.-Y., Wang, Y., Song, D., You, X., Zhao, L., Pan, H.-N., & Jiang, J. (2008) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2008.01.037 · Cited by 162
A clinician's guide to statin drug-drug interactions
Kellick, K. A., Bottorff, M. B., & Toth, P. P. (2014) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2014.02.010 · Cited by 166
Statins and osteoporosis: new role for old drugs
Jadhav, S. B., & Jain, G. K. (2005) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1211/jpp.58.1.0002 · Cited by 159
Pitavastatin
Mukhtar, R., Reid, J., & Reckless, J. P. D. (2005) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2005.00461.x · Cited by 158
Atorvastatin
Malhotra, H. S., & Goa, K. L. (2001) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-200161120-00012 · Cited by 153
Drug–Drug Interactions Between HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) and Antiviral Protease Inhibitors
Chauvin, B., Drouot, S., Barrail‐Tran, A., & Taburet, A. (2013) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s40262-013-0075-4 · Cited by 156
Modulation of inflammatory mediators and pparγand nfκb expression by pravastatin in response to lipoproteins in human monocytes in vitro
Zelvyté, I., Dominaitiene, R., Crisby, M., & Janciauskiene, S. M. (2002) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1006/phrs.2001.0922 · Cited by 152
Intermolecular Differences of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors Contribute to Distinct Pharmacologic and Pleiotropic Actions
Mason, R. P., Walter, M. F., Day, C. A., & Jacob, R. F. (2005) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.06.008 · Cited by 153
Statin shapes inflamed tumor microenvironment and enhances immune checkpoint blockade in non–small cell lung cancer
Mao, W., Cai, Y., Chen, D., Jiang, G., Xu, Y., Chen, R., Wang, F., Wang, X., Zheng, M., Zhao, X., et al. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.161940 · Cited by 150
Recent advances in the pathophysiology and molecular basis of sepsis-associated organ dysfunction: Novel therapeutic implications and challenges
Hattori, Y., Hattori, K., Suzuki, T., & Matsuda, N. (2017) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.040 · Cited by 145
Inhibition of the thrombogenic and inflammatory properties of antiphospholipid antibodies by fluvastatin in an in vivo animal model
Ferrara, D. E., Liu, X., Espinola, R. G., Meroni, P. L., Abukhalaf, I. K., Harris, E. N., & Pierangeli, S. S. (2003) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.11449 · Cited by 143
Simvastatin inhibits human saphenous vein neointima formation via inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration
Porter, K. E., Naik, J. B., Turner, N. A., Dickinson, T., Thompson, M. M., & London, N. J. M. (2002) · Journal of Vascular Surgery · doi:10.1067/mva.2002.122029 · Cited by 140
Statins Inhibit Synthesis of an Oxysterol Ligand for the Liver X Receptor in Human Macrophages With Consequences for Cholesterol Flux
Wong, J., Quinn, C. M., & Brown, A. J. (2004) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000148707.93054.7d · Cited by 142
Clinical implications for statin pleiotropy
Liao, J. K. (2005) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000191913.16321.60 · Cited by 139
Growth inhibition of Candida species and Aspergillus fumigatus by statins
Macreadie, I. G., Johnson, G., Schlosser, T., & Macreadie, P. I. (2006) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00370.x · Cited by 136
Pitavastatin: Efficacy and Safety Profiles of A Novel Synthetic HMG‐CoA Reductase Inhibitor
Kajinami, K., Takekoshi, N., & Saito, Y. (2003) · Cardiovascular Drug Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1527-3466.2003.tb00116.x · Cited by 136
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Intestinal First-Pass Metabolism of CYP3A Substrates with High Intestinal Extraction
Gertz, M., Houston, J. B., & Galetin, A. (2011) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.111.039248 · Cited by 138
Nutraceuticals and functional foods for the control of plasma cholesterol levels. An intersociety position paper
Poli, A., Barbagallo, C. M., Cicero, A. F. G., Corsini, A., Manzato, E., Trimarco, B., Bernini, F., Visioli, F., Bianchi, A., Canzone, G., et al. (2018) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2018.05.015 · Cited by 134
Self-citation
Opposite Regulation of the Human Paraoxonase-1 Gene PON-1 by Fenofibrate and Statins
Gouédard, C., Koum-Besson, N., Barouki, R., & Morel, Y. (2003) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.63.4.945 · Cited by 132
Development and Evaluation of Liquid and Solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems for Atorvastatin
Czajkowska-Kośnik, A., Szekalska, M., Amelian, A., Szymańska, E., & Winnicka, K. (2015) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules201219745 · Cited by 127
Atorvastatin activates PPAR-γ and attenuates the inflammatory response in human monocytes
Grip, O., Janciauskiene, S. M., & Lindgren, S. C. (2002) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/bf02684000 · Cited by 123
Polymorphisms in the multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene influence the response to atorvastatin treatment in a gender-specific manner
Kajinami, K., Brousseau, M. E., Ordovás, J. M., & Schaefer, E. J. (2004) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.01.014 · Cited by 122
COMBINING BETA INTERFERON AND ATORVASTATIN MAY INCREASE DISEASE ACTIVITY IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
Salvatore, E., Morra, V. B., & Orefice, G. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181ab6e08 · Cited by 121
pH-Sensitive Interaction of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) with Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 2B1
Varma, M. V. S., Rotter, C. J., Chupka, J., Whalen, K. M., Duignan, D. B., Feng, B., Litchfield, J., Goosen, T. C., & El‐Kattan, A. F. (2011) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/mp200103h · Cited by 121
Statins and their role in vascular protection
Mason, J. C. (2003) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20030148 · Cited by 117
The HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor simvastatin overcomes cell adhesion–mediated drug resistance in multiple myeloma by geranylgeranylation of Rho protein and activation of Rho kinase
Schmidmaier, R., Baumann, P., Şimşek, M., Dayyani, F., Emmerich, B., & Meinhardt, G. (2004) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2003-12-4218 · Cited by 117
The cytochrome P450 isoenzyme and some new opportunities for the prediction of negative drug interaction in vivo
Sychev, D. A., Ashraf, G. M., Svistunov, A. А., Maksimov, M. L., Tarasov, V. V., Chubarev, V. N., Otdelenov, V. A., Denisenko, N. P., Barreto, G. E., & Aliev, G. M. (2018) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s149069 · Cited by 115
Statin therapy modulates thickness and inflammatory profile of human epicardial adipose tissue
Parisi, V., Petraglia, L., D'Esposito, V., Cabaro, S., Rengo, G., Caruso, A., Grimaldi, M. G., Baldascino, F., De Bellis, A., Vitale, D., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.06.106 · Cited by 114
Combining beta interferon and atorvastatin may increase disease activity in multiple sclerosis
Birnbaum, G., Cree, B., Altafullah, I., Zinser, M., & Reder, A. T. (2008) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000319698.40024.1c · Cited by 113
Statins as Immunomodulatory Agents
Mach, F. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000129502.10459.fe · Cited by 110
Simvastatin ameliorates injury in an experimental model of lung ischemia-reperfusion
Naidu, B. V., Woolley, S. M., Farivar, A. S., Thomas, R., Fraga, C. H., & Mulligan, M. S. (2003) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0022-5223(03)00699-8 · Cited by 111
Targeting iron acquisition blocks infection with the fungal pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium oxysporum
Leal, S. M., Roy, S., Vareechon, C., Carrion, S. D., Clark, H., Lopez-Berges, M. S., diPietro, A., Schrettl, M., Beckmann, N., Redl, B., et al. (2013) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003436 · Cited by 111
Rhabdomyolysis associated with hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors
Jamal, S. M., Eisenberg, M. J., & Christopoulos, S. (2004) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2003.12.037 · Cited by 111
Statin drug interactions and related adverse reactions
Bellosta, S., & Corsini, A. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.712959 · Cited by 111
Self-citation
Enhanced bioavailability of nano-sized chitosan–atorvastatin conjugate after oral administration to rats
Anwar, M., Warsi, M. H., Mallick, N., Akhter, S., Gahoi, S., Jain, G. K., Talegaonkar, S., Ahmad, F. J., & Khar, R. K. (2011) · European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2011.08.001 · Cited by 110
Statins and bone metabolism
Horiuchi, N., & Maeda, T. (2006) · Oral Diseases · doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005.01172.x · Cited by 109
CYP3A4 genotypes and plasma lipoprotein levels before and after treatment with atorvastatin in primary hypercholesterolemia
Kajinami, K., Brousseau, M. E., Ordovás, J. M., & Schaefer, E. J. (2003) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.08.078 · Cited by 109
Preventive medication use among persons with limited life expectancy
Maddison, A. R., Fisher, J. E., & Johnston, G. M. (2011) · Progress in Palliative Care · doi:10.1179/174329111x576698 · Cited by 111
The Role of Structure and Biophysical Properties in the Pleiotropic Effects of Statins
Murphy, C., Deplazes, E., Cranfield, C. G., & Garcia, A. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21228745 · Cited by 119
Statins: the new aspirin?
Veillard, N. R., & Mach, F. (2002) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/pl00012505 · Cited by 107
Effects of Atorvastatin on Bone in Postmenopausal Women with Dyslipidemia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Ranging Trial
Bone, H. G., Kiel, D. P., Lindsay, R. S., Lewiecki, E. M., Bolognese, M. A., Leary, E. T., Lowe, W., & McClung, M. R. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2006-1909 · Cited by 104
Combination therapy for dyslipidemia: safety and regulatory considerations
Davidson, M. H. (2002) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02970-3 · Cited by 103
Discontinuation of Statin Treatment in Stroke Patients
Endres, M., & Laufs, U. (2006) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000240690.69406.28 · Cited by 103
Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer Is Less Likely to Arise among Lipophilic Statin Users
Kumar, A. S., Benz, C. C., Shim, V., Minami, C. A., Moore, D. H., & Esserman, L. J. (2008) · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-0726 · Cited by 102

Authors: Corsini, A., Bellosta, S., Baetta, R., Fumagalli, R., Paoletti, R., & Bernini, F.
Affiliations: University of Milan (IT)
University of Parma (IT)
Corresponding author: Corsini, Alberto
ORCID: Corsini, Alberto
Bellosta, Stefano
Baetta, Roberta
Venue: Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1999-12
Volume: 84
Issue: 3
Pages: 413-428
ISSN: 0163-7258 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0163-7258(99)00045-5
OpenAlex: W2045063002
Cited by: 796
References: 186
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 38
FWCI: 5.97
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Keywords: statins, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, HMG-CoA reductase inhibition, mevalonate, pleiotropy, smooth muscle cell proliferation, macrophage cholesterol accumulation, atherosclerosis, drug interactions, CYP3A4, cyclosporine, rhabdomyolysis, myositis, pravastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin, cerivastatin
MeSH terms: Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, Animals, Anticholesteremic Agents, Cell Division, Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System, Drug Interactions, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Heptanoic Acids, Humans, Indoles, Mevalonic Acid, Pyridines, Pyrroles, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Simvastatin

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

New insights into the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of statins

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks