The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Multiple Personality as a Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Abstract
This article examines multiple or dissociative personality syndrome as a multiple post-traumatic stress disorder, discussing these patient's developmental histories, their high hypnotizability, and their profound capacity to dissociate spontaneously to protect themselves from emotional and physical pain.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“On this basis, many clinicians regard DID as a complex manifestation of post -traumatic stress disorder (Spiegel, 1984).”
From Examining the linguistic and behavioural patterns of gender identity in women with dissociative identity disorder (2025) · cites this paper as Spiegel, 1984
Citations
Cites
The nature of hypnosis: Artifact and essence.
Orne, M. T. (1959) · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0046128 · Cited by 920
THE MAJOR SYMPTOMS OF HYSTERIA
Janet, P. F. M. (1921) · AJN American Journal of Nursing · doi:10.1097/00000446-192104000-00028 · Cited by 582
Orne, M. T., & Hilgard, E. R. (1966) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421316 · Cited by 391
Trance and Treatment: Clinical Uses of Hypnosis
Werman, D. S. (1979) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1979.33.2.317 · Cited by 343
Krystal, H. (1978) · The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child · doi:10.1080/00797308.1978.11822973 · Cited by 334
Multiple Personalities: A Report of 14 Cases With Implications for Schizophrenia and Hysteria
Bliss, E. L. (1980) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780250074009 · Cited by 261
The Dissociation of a Personality
Jastrow, J., & Prince, M. (1906) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1412397 · Cited by 221
Greaves, G. (1980) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-198010000-00001 · Cited by 181
The grade 5 syndrome: The highly hypnotizable person
Spiegel, H. (1974) · International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00207147408413010 · Cited by 118
Personal identity, multiple personality, and hypnosis
Sutcliffe, J. P., & Jones, J. G. (1962) · International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00207146208415885 · Cited by 94
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Spiegel, D.: Hypnosis in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorders. Psychiatr. Ann., in press, 1984.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Childhood traumas: an outline and overview
Terr, L. C. (1991) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.148.1.10 · Cited by 2,281
Types of dissociation and dissociative types: A taxometric analysis of dissociative experiences.
Waller, N., Putnam, F. W., & Carlson, E. B. (1996) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.1.3.300 · Cited by 894
Evaluation of the evidence for the trauma and fantasy models of dissociation.
Dalenberg, C. J., Brand, B. L., Gleaves, D. H., Dorahy, M. J., Loewenstein, R. J., Cardeña, E., Frewen, P. A., Carlson, E. B., & Spiegel, D. (2012) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0027447 · Cited by 667
Self-citationDisintegrated experience: The dissociative disorders revisited.
Spiegel, D., & Cardeña, E. (1991) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.100.3.366 · Cited by 563
Self-citationKoopman, C., Classen, C. C., & Spiegel, D. (1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.6.888 · Cited by 532
Self-citationCohen, J. A. (2010) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2009.12.020 · Cited by 520
Cohen, J. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199810001-00002 · Cited by 358
Dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder in Vietnam combat veterans
(1992) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.149.3.328 · Cited by 381
Dissociation and hypnotizability in posttraumatic stress disorder
(1988) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.145.3.301 · Cited by 373
Self-citationDissociative reactions to the San Francisco Bay Area earthquake of 1989
Cardeña, E., & Spiegel, D. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.3.474 · Cited by 349
Self-citationDissociative disorders in DSM-5
Spiegel, D., Loewenstein, R. J., Lewis-Fernández, R., Sar, V., Simeon, D., Vermetten, E., Cardeña, E., & Dell, P. F. (2011) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20874 · Cited by 330
Self-citationPerrin, S. G., Smith, P. A., & Yule, W. (2000) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00612 · Cited by 283
Classification of trauma and stressor-related disorders in DSM-5
Friedman, M. J., Resick, P. A., Bryant, R. A., Strain, J. J., Horowitz, M. J., & Spiegel, D. (2011) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20845 · Cited by 254
Self-citationPsychological impact of disasters on children: review of assessment and interventions
Kar, N. (2009) · World Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s12519-009-0001-x · Cited by 254
Dissociative tendencies and dissociative disorders
Kihlstrom, J. F., Glisky, M. L., & Angiulo, M. J. (1994) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.103.1.117 · Cited by 247
Nijenhuis, E. R. S., Spinhoven, P., van Dyck, R., van der Hart, O., & Vanderlinden, J. (1998) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/a:1024493332751 · Cited by 225
Dissociative Disorders in DSM-5
Spiegel, D., Lewis‐Fernández, R., Lanius, R. A., Vermetten, E. H. G. J. M., Simeon, D., & Friedman, M. J. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185531 · Cited by 229
Self-citationDissociation in posttraumatic stress disorder part I: Definitions and review of research.
Carlson, E. B., Dalenberg, C. J., & McDade‐Montez, E. (2012) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0027748 · Cited by 200
The sociocognitive model of dissociative identity disorder: A reexamination of the evidence.
Gleaves, D. H. (1996) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.120.1.42 · Cited by 174
Trauma‐related dissociative states and long‐term psychopathology in posttraumatic stress disorder
Bremner, J. D., & BRETT, E. A. (1997) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1023/a:1024804312978 · Cited by 161
Butler, L. D. (2006) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2005.10.004 · Cited by 160
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Kluft, R. P. (1996) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0310-5_16 · Cited by 155
Loewenstein, R. J. (1991) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30290-9 · Cited by 148
Psychopathology, hypnotizability, and dissociation
(1992) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.149.11.1521 · Cited by 140
An Update on Multiple Personality Disorder
Kluft, R. P. (1987) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.38.4.363 · Cited by 138
Spiegel, D. (1986) · American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00029157.1986.10402695 · Cited by 133
Self-citationPierre Janet and modern views of dissociation
Putnam, F. W. (1989) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490020406 · Cited by 130
Lanius, R. A. (2015) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.3402/ejpt.v6.27905 · Cited by 127
Kihlstrom, J. F. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143925 · Cited by 127
Michels, R., & Marzuk, P. M. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199308193290808 · Cited by 122
Fact or Factitious? A Psychobiological Study of Authentic and Simulated Dissociative Identity States
Reinders, A. A. T. S., Willemsen, A. T. M., Vos, H. P. J., den Boer, J. A., & Nijenhuis, E. R. S. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039279 · Cited by 120
The victim-to-patient process: The disconfirmation and transformation of abuse.
Rieker, P. P., & Carmen, E. H. (1986) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1986.tb03469.x · Cited by 115
Sandberg, D. A., & Lynn, S. J. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.101.4.717 · Cited by 110
Dissociation and hypnosis in post-traumatic stress disorders
Spiegel, D. (1988) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490010104 · Cited by 108
Self-citationChildhood Traumas: An Outline and Overview
Terr, L. C. (2003) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/foc.1.3.322 · Cited by 106
Trauma, Dissociation, and Memory
Spiegel, D. (1997) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48282.x · Cited by 106
Self-citationAdolescent Multiple Personality Disorder: A Preliminary Study of Eleven Cases
Dell, P. F., & EISENHOWER, J. W. (1990) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199005000-00005 · Cited by 102
Nijenhuis, E. R. S., Spinhoven, P., Vanderlinden, J., van Dyck, R., & van der Hart, O. (1998) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.107.1.63 · Cited by 100
McKinnon, M. C., Boyd, J. E., Frewen, P. A., Lanius, U. F., Jetly, R., Richardson, J. D., & Lanius, R. A. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.017 · Cited by 94
“…between dissociative symptomatology and trauma-related disorders (Dalenberg and Carlson, 2012; Gershuny and Thayer, 1999; Lanius et al., 2012; Spiegel, 1984; Spiegel et al., 2013; Stein et al., 2013; Vermetten and Spiegel, 2014; Vermetten et al., 2007; Winter et al., 2015) there is also…”
Reinders, A. A. T. S., Willemsen, A. T. M., den Boer, J. A., Vos, H. P. J., Veltman, D. J., & Loewenstein, R. J. (2014) · Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.05.005 · Cited by 96
Self‐Destructive Behavior in Patients with Dissociative Disorders
Saxe, G., Chawla, N., & van der Kolk, B. A. (2002) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1521/suli.32.3.313.22174 · Cited by 94
Hypnotizability in acute stress disorder
Bryant, Guthrie, R. M., & Moulds, M. L. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.4.600 · Cited by 92
An examination of the diagnostic validity of dissociative identity disorder
Gleaves, D. H., May, M. C., & Cardeña, E. (2001) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(99)00073-2 · Cited by 89
Treating the sexual intimacy concerns of sexual abuse survivors
Maltz, W. (2002) · Sexual & Relationship Therapy · doi:10.1080/1468199021000017173 · Cited by 89
Identifying and treating the sexual repercussions of incest: A couples therapy approach
Maltz, W. (1988) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/00926238808403914 · Cited by 89
Vissia, E. M., Giesen, M. E., Chalavi, S., Nijenhuis, E. R. S., Draijer, N., Brand, B. L., & Reinders, A. A. T. S. (2016) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12590 · Cited by 85
Development and Psychometric Characteristics of the Dissociation Tension Scale
Stiglmayr, C., Schimke, P., Wagner, T., Braakmann, D., Schweiger, U., Sipos, V., Fydrich, T., Schmahl, C., Ebner-Priemer, U., Kleindienst, N., et al. (2010) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891003670232 · Cited by 80
Dorahy, M. J. (2001) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(00)00068-4 · Cited by 76
Dissociative responses in the immediate aftermath of the Oakland/Berkeley firestorm
Koopman, C., Classen, C. C., & Spiegel, D. (1996) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1007/bf02103662 · Cited by 74
Self-citationA Neural Network Model of Dissociative Disorders
Li, D., & Spiegel, D. (1992) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/0048-5713-19920301-11 · Cited by 72
Self-citationSituated Learning: Conceptualization and Measurement
Goel, L., Johnson, N., Junglas, I. A., & Ives, B. (2010) · Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4609.2009.00252.x · Cited by 79
Traumatic dissociation: Theory, research, and treatment.
Bailey, T. D., & Brand, B. L. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12195 · Cited by 79
The nosology of posttraumatic stress disorder
March, J. S. (1990) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/0887-6185(90)90024-4 · Cited by 70
Adult reconstruction of childhood events in the multiple personality literature
Frankel, F. H. (1993) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.150.6.954 · Cited by 69
Spirit possession in South Asia, dissociation or hysteria?
Castillo, R. J. (1994) · Culture Medicine and Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/bf01384875 · Cited by 68
PTSD in relation to dissociation in traumatized police officers
Carlier, I. V. E., Lamberts, R. D., Fouwels, A., & Gersons, B. P. R. (1996) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.153.10.1325 · Cited by 59
Dissociation, affect, and network models of memory: An integrative proposal
Yates, J. L., & Nasby, W. (1993) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.2490060303 · Cited by 57
The Neuropsychiatry of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Watson, I., Hoffman, L., & Wilson, G. V. (1988) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.152.2.164 · Cited by 57
Alpert, J. L., Brown, L. S., & Courtois, C. A. (1998) · Psychology Public Policy and Law · doi:10.1037/1076-8971.4.4.941 · Cited by 55
Axis II Pathology in Outpatients with Dissociative Identity Disorder
Dell, P. F. (1998) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199806000-00005 · Cited by 50
Blizard, R. A., & Bluhm, A. M. (1994) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/0033-3204.31.3.383 · Cited by 51
DISSOCIATION IN COMBAT-RELATED POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
Branscomb, L. P. (1991) · Cited by 47
Toth, E. L., & Baggaley, A. (1991) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.1991.11024545 · Cited by 46
Masochistic and Sadistic Ego States
Blizard, R. A. (2001) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1300/j229v02n04_03 · Cited by 46
Brand, B. L., Schielke, H. J., & Brams, J. S. (2017) · Psychological Injury and Law · doi:10.1007/s12207-017-9304-8 · Cited by 50
Fine, C. G., & Berkowitz, A. S. (2001) · American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00029157.2001.10404282 · Cited by 45
Hypnosis, childhood trauma, and dissociative identity disorder: Toward an integrative theory
Ganaway, G. K. (1995) · International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00207149508409957 · Cited by 46
Murray, J. B. (1993) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00223980.1993.9914905 · Cited by 45
Clinical Detection, Diagnosis, and Differential Diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Blank, A. S. (1994) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30119-9 · Cited by 44
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Focus on Neuroinflammation
Li, J., Tong, L., Schock, B. C., & Ji, L.-L. (2023) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-023-03320-z · Cited by 47
A Psychosocial Model of the Victim-to-Patient Process
Carmen, E. H., & Rieker, P. P. (1989) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30441-6 · Cited by 43
Terr, L. C. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1034-9_18 · Cited by 40
The parental fitness of mothers with multiple personality disorder: A preliminary study
Kluft, R. P. (1987) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(87)90067-6 · Cited by 36
Schwartz, H. L. (1994) · Psychoanalytic Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0079545 · Cited by 38
Assessment of complex dissociative disorder patients and simulated dissociation in forensic contexts
Brand, B. L., Webermann, A. R., & Frankel, A. S. (2016) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2016.10.006 · Cited by 33
Liotti, G. (2002) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/jcop.16.3.349.52521 · Cited by 34
Spellbound: Dissociation in the Movies
Butler, L. D., & Palesh, O. G. (2004) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1300/j229v05n02_04 · Cited by 29
MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE PERSONALITY DISORDER
Sachs, R. G., Frischholz, E. J., & Wood, J. I. (1988) · Journal of Marital and Family Therapy · doi:10.1111/j.1752-0606.1988.tb00744.x · Cited by 29
The assimilation of anger in a case of dissociative identity disorder
Humphreys, C. L., Rubin, J. S., Knudson, R. M., & Stiles, W. B. (2005) · Counselling Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.1080/09515070500136488 · Cited by 28
Psychotherapy of the Survivor of Incest With a Dissociative Disorder
Braun, B. G. (1989) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30433-7 · Cited by 28
Identity state-dependent attentional bias for facial threat in dissociative identity disorder
Hermans, E. J., Nijenhuis, E. R. S., van Honk, J., Huntjens, R. J. C., & van der Hart, O. (2006) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2005.03.007 · Cited by 27
Child Abuse in the Etiology of Dissociative Disorders
Goodwin, J. M., & Sachs, R. G. (1996) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0310-5_5 · Cited by 26
Hypnosis in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Isomorphic Intervention
Kingsbury, S. J. (1988) · American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00029157.1988.10402873 · Cited by 26
The Comorbidity of Multiple Personality Disorder and DSM-III-R Axis II Disorders
Fink, D. (1991) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30289-2 · Cited by 24
Rethinking the Comparison of Borderline Personality Disorder and Multiple Personality Disorder
Marmer, S. S., & Fink, D. (1994) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(18)30084-4 · Cited by 24
Detecting clinical and simulated dissociative identity disorder with the Test of Memory Malingering.
Brand, B. L., Webermann, A. R., Snyder, B. L., & Kaliush, P. R. (2018) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000405 · Cited by 23
Dissociation and Physical Abuse as Predictors of Bulimic Symptomatology and Impulse Dysregulation
Reto, C. S., Dalenberg, C. J., & Coe, M. (1993) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640269308251162 · Cited by 23
Multiple Personality Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Braun, B. G. (1993) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2820-3_3 · Cited by 23
Rape and Post-Traumatic Stress in Multiple Personality
Coons, P. M., & Milstein, V. (1984) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1984.55.3.839 · Cited by 23
Reconstructing memories of abuse: A theory-based approach.
Claridge, K. E. (1992) · Psychotherapy · doi:10.1037/0033-3204.29.2.243 · Cited by 23
Becoming one person: living with dissociative identity disorder
Stickley, T., & NICKEAS, R. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2850.2006.00939.x · Cited by 22
Storytelling, Hypnosis and the Treatment of Sexually Abused Children
Rhue, J. W., & Lynn, S. J. (1991) · International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00207149108409636 · Cited by 22
Cognitive Behavioral Hypnotherapy for Dissociative Disorders
Fine, C. G. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00029157.2012.656856 · Cited by 21
Factitious and Malingered Dissociative Identity Disorder
Thomas, A. (2001) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1300/j229v02n04_04 · Cited by 21
The path to dissociative experiences: A direct comparison of different etiological models
Buchnik‐Daniely, Y., Vannikov‐Lugassi, M., Shalev, H., & Soffer‐Dudek, N. (2021) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2559 · Cited by 21
Mental health professionals' skepticism about multiple personality disorder.
Hayes, J. A., & Mitchell, J. C. (1994) · Professional Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1037//0735-7028.25.4.410 · Cited by 20
Fichtner, C. G., Kuhlman, D. T., Gruenfeld, M. J., & Hughes, J. R. (1990) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(90)90040-9 · Cited by 19
Dissociative and neuropsychological symptoms: The question of differential diagnosis
Sivec, H. J., & Lynn, S. J. (1995) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(95)00012-e · Cited by 19
Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Mohapatra, S., & Agarwal, V. (2021) · Eastern Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5005/ejp-16-1--2-50 · Cited by 19
Mohapatra, S., Agarwal, V., & Sitholey, P. (2013) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2013.06.017 · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Spiegel, D.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spiegel, David
- ORCID
- Spiegel, David
- Venue
- Psychiatric Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1984-03
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 101-110
- ISSN
- 0193-953X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1725134643
- Cited by
- 208
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychiatric Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- dissociative identity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, dissociation, hypnotic susceptibility, developmental history, trauma
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Diseases in Twins, Dissociative Disorders, Female, Humans, Hypnosis, Male, Dissociative Identity Disorder, Psychotherapy, Rape, Regression, Psychology, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review