The Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis (ERA) Study

Herrington, David M.; Reboussin, David M.; Klein, Karen Potvin; Sharp, Penny C.; Shumaker, Sally A.; Snyder, Thomas E.; Geisinger, Kim R.

doi:10.1016/s0197-2456(00)00054-4

Cited by 74Menopause: Health Impacts and TreatmentsEstrogen and related hormone effectsHormonal and reproductive studies

The Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis (ERA) Study

Herrington, David M., Reboussin, David M., Klein, Karen Potvin, Sharp, Penny C., Shumaker, Sally A., Snyder, Thomas E., Geisinger, Kim R.·2000·Controlled Clinical Trials

DOI 10.1016/s0197-2456(00)00054-4

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Abstract

The Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis (ERA) trial is a three-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial to evaluate the effects of estrogen replacement therapy (0.625 mg/day oral conjugated estrogen) with or without continuous low-dose progestin (2.5 mg oral medroxyprogesterone acetate/day) versus placebo on progression of atherosclerosis. A total of 309 postmenopausal women at five sites underwent baseline coronary angiography and were randomized. Participants will have repeat coronary angiography after an average of 3.25 years of treatment. The primary outcome of interest will be change in minimum diameter of the major epicardial segments, as assessed by quantitative coronary angiography. The primary aim is to test the hypothesis that either form of hormone therapy will slow the progression or induce regression of coronary atherosclerosis compared to placebo. The secondary aims are to assess the effects of the two treatments versus placebo on endothelial function (measured using flow-mediated vasodilator responses), on several presumed mediators of estrogen's effect on atherosclerosis (i.e., plasma lipids and lipoproteins, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, hemostatic factors, and antioxidant activity), on other factors that influence the development of coronary heart disease (i.e., diet, smoking status, exercise, weight, and health-related quality of life issues), and on clinical cardiovascular events. The ERA trial is the first angiographic endpoint clinical trial to examine the effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement on coronary atherosclerosis in women. It will provide an unparalleled opportunity to determine if either regimen of hormone therapy is effective in slowing the progress of angiographically defined coronary atherosclerosis. This study will complement other estrogen replacement trials, such as the PEPI, HERS, and Women's Health Initiative studies, to provide a more comprehensive examination of the effects of estrogen replacement on cardiovascular risk factors, anatomic and functional manifestations of atherosclerosis, and risk for coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Control Clin Trials 2000;21:257-285

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The ERA trial was a randomized, controlled trial evaluating the effect of hormone replacement therapy on angiographic progression of atherosclerosis.
“The Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis (ERA) trial was a randomized, controlled trial that evaluated the effect of hormone replacement therapy on angiographic progression of atherosclerosis.”
From Diabetes, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Angiographic Progression of Coronary Arterial Disease in Postmenopausal Women (2006) · cites this paper as [12]

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Effects of Estrogen Replacement on the Progression of Coronary-Artery Atherosclerosis
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Authors: Herrington, D. M., Reboussin, D. M., Klein, K. P., Sharp, P. C., Shumaker, S. A., Snyder, T. E., & Geisinger, K. R.
Affiliations: Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
Corresponding author: Herrington, David M.
ORCID: Herrington, David M.
Reboussin, David M.
Snyder, Thomas E.
Venue: Controlled Clinical Trials
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2000-06
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Pages: 257-285
ISSN: 0197-2456 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0197-2456(00)00054-4
OpenAlex: W54563526
Cited by: 74
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 5.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Controlled Clinical Trials (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01 HL45888)
National Center for Research Resources (M01RR-07122, M01RR007122)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Keywords: estrogen replacement therapy, conjugated estrogens, medroxyprogesterone acetate, postmenopausal women, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis regression, coronary angiography, quantitative coronary angiography, endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation, cardiovascular risk factors, plasma lipids, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, hemostasis, antioxidant activity, health-related quality of life
MeSH terms: Aged, Arteriosclerosis, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Estrogens, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lipids, Medroxyprogesterone, Middle Aged, Quality of Life, Research Design, Smoking, Exercise, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Coronary Angiography, Postmenopause, Progesterone Congeners

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