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Cited by 1,001Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthCardiac and Coronary Surgery TechniquesCholesterol and Lipid Metabolism

Effect of Partial Ileal Bypass Surgery on Mortality and Morbidity from Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia: Report of the Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias (POSCH)

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Buchwald, Henry, Varco, Richard L., Matts, John P., Long, John M., Fitch, Laurie L., Campbell, Gilbert S., Pearce, Malcolm B., Yellin, Albert E. +16 more·1990·New England Journal of Medicine
DOI 10.1056/nejm199010043231404
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias (POSCH), a randomized clinical trial, was designed to test whether cholesterol lowering induced by the partial ileal bypass operation would favorably affect overall mortality or mortality due to coronary heart disease. The study population consisted of 838 patients (417 in the control group and 421 in the surgery group), both men (90.7 percent) and women, with an average age of 51 years, who had survived a first myocardial infarction. The mean follow-up period was 9.7 years. RESULTS: When compared with the control group at five years, the surgery group had a total plasma cholesterol level 23.3 percent lower (4.71 +/- 0.91 vs. 6.14 +/- 0.89 mmol per liter [mean +/- SD]; P less than 0.0001), a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level 37.7 percent lower (2.68 +/- 0.78 vs. 4.30 +/- 0.89 mmol per liter; P less than 0.0001), and a high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level 4.3 percent higher (1.08 +/- 0.26 vs. 1.04 +/- 0.25 mmol per liter; P = 0.02). Overall mortality and mortality due to coronary heart disease were reduced, but not significantly so (deaths overall [control vs. surgery], 62 vs. 49, P = 0.164; deaths due to coronary disease, 44 vs. 32, P = 0.113). The overall mortality in the surgery subgroup with an ejection fraction greater than or equal to 50 percent was 36 percent lower (control vs. surgery, 39 vs. 24; P = 0.021). The value for two end points combined--death due to coronary heart disease and confirmed nonfatal myocardial infarction--was 35 percent lower in the surgery group (125 vs. 82 events; P less than 0.001). During follow-up, 137 control-group and 52 surgery-group patients underwent coronary-artery bypass grafting (P less than 0.0001). A comparison of base-line coronary arteriograms with those obtained at 3, 5, 7, and 10 years consistently showed less disease progression in the surgery group (P less than 0.001). The most common side effect of partial ileal bypass was diarrhea; others included occasional kidney stones, gallstones, and intestinal obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Partial ileal bypass produces sustained improvement in the blood lipid patterns of patients who have had a myocardial infarction and reduces their subsequent morbidity due to coronary heart disease. The role of this procedure in the management of hypercholesterolemia remains to be determined. These results provide strong evidence supporting the beneficial effects of lipid modification in the reduction of atherosclerosis progression.

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  • In the 8 trials of established nonstatin therapies that ultimately act predominantly via upregulation of LDL receptor expression, each 1-mmol/L reduction in LDL-C was associated with an RR of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.66-0.86; P = .002) for major vascular events.

    “Specifically, each 1-mmol/L reduction in LDL-C was associated with an RR of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.66-0.86;P = .002)in major vascular events”

    From Association Between Lowering LDL-C and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Among Different Therapeutic Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2016) · cites this paper as [51]

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Research works printed but not linked: 19

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Authors
Buchwald, H., Varco, R. L., Matts, J. P., Long, J. M., Fitch, L. L., Campbell, G. S., Pearce, M. B., Yellin, A. E., Edmiston, W. A., Smink, R. D., Sawin, H. S., Campos, C. T., Hansen, B. J., Tuna, N., Karnegis, J. N., Sanmarco, M. E., Amplatz, K., Castaneda-Zuniga, W. R., Hunter, D. W., Bissett, J. K., Weber, F. J., Stevenson, J. W., Leon, A. S., & Chalmers, T. C.
Affiliations
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • University of Southern California (US)
ORCID
Venue
New England Journal of Medicine
Publisher
Massachusetts Medical Society
Published
1990-10-04
Volume
323
Issue
14
Pages
946-955
ISSN
  • 0028-4793 (ISSN-L)
  • 1533-4406
DOI
10.1056/nejm199010043231404
OpenAlex
W2331959986
Cited by
1,001
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 17
FWCI
84.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • New England Journal of Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Keywords
partial ileal bypass, hypercholesterolemia, coronary artery disease, mortality, myocardial infarction, cholesterol lowering, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, first myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, ejection fraction, long-term outcomes, nonfatal myocardial infarction
MeSH terms
Adult, Coronary Disease, Electrocardiography, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypercholesterolemia, Hyperlipidemias, Jejunoileal Bypass, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Ultrasonography, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Coronary Angiography

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