The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dignity in the terminally ill: a developing empirical model
Abstract
Despite use of the term dignity in arguments for and against a patient's self-governance in matters pertaining to death, there is little empirical research on how this term has been used by patients who are nearing death. The objective of this study was to determine how dying patients understand and define the term dignity, in order to develop a model of dignity in the terminally ill. A semi-structured interview was designed to explore how patients cope with their advanced cancer and to detail their perceptions of dignity. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. A consecutive sample of 50 consenting patients with advanced terminal cancer were recruited over a 15-month period of time from an urban extended care hospital housing a specialized unit for palliative care. This unit provides both inpatient services. and coordinates end-of-life care community based programming. Data were analysed using latent content analysis and constant comparison techniques. Four members of the research team independently coded the transcribed data, to develop conceptually meaningful categories of responses. Operational definitions were written for major categories, themes and sub-themes. Three major categories emerged from the qualitative analysis, including illness-related concerns; dignity conserving repertoire; and social dignity inventory. These broad categories and their carefully defined themes and sub-themes form the foundation for an emerging model of dignity amongst the dying. The concept of dignity and the dignity model offer a way of understanding how patients face advancing terminal illness. This will serve to promote dignity and the quality of life of patients nearing death.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Dignity therapy is based on a theoretical model of dignity in the terminally ill [3] and its purpose is to reduce dignity-related distress while enhancing hope and meaning [4].”
From Feasibility, acceptability and potential effectiveness of dignity therapy for family carers of people with motor neurone disease (2014) · cites this paper as [3]
Citations
Cites
Wagner, H. R., Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1968) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2575405 · Cited by 46,525
Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques.
Ellis, C., Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. M. (1992) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2074814 · Cited by 29,296
The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (2017) · Aldine (Routledge reprint) · doi:10.4324/9780203793206 · Cited by 25,789
(1990) · Cited by 11,110
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among cancer patients
Derogatis, L. R. (1983) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1983.03330300035030 · Cited by 1,575
Desire for death in the terminally ill
Chochinov, H. M., Wilson, K. G., Enns, M. W., Mowchun, N., Lander, S., Levitt, M., & Clinch, J. (1995) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.152.8.1185 · Cited by 742
Self-citationEuthanasia and other medical decisions concerning the end of life
van der Maas, P. J., van Delden, J. J. M., Pijnenborg, L., & Looman, C. W. N. (1991) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)91241-l · Cited by 738
Symptom prevalence, characteristics and distress in a cancer population
Portenoy, R. K., Thaler, H. T., Kornblith, A. B., Lepore, J. M., Friedlander-Klar, H., Coyle, N., Smart-Curley, T., Kemeny, N. E., Norton, L., Hoskins, W. J., et al. (1994) · Quality of Life Research · doi:10.1007/bf00435383 · Cited by 649
An international survey of cancer pain characteristics and syndromes
Caraceni, A. T., & Portenoy, R. K. (1999) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00073-1 · Cited by 633
A National Survey of Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia in the United States
Meier, D. E., Emmons, C., Wallenstein, S. R., Quill, T. E., Morrison, R. S., & Cassel, C. K. (1998) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199804233381706 · Cited by 491
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Brant, 1998, The art of palliative care, Oncology Nursing Forum, 25, 995
- Latimer, 1991, Caring for seriously ill and dying patients, Canadian Medical Association Journal, 144, 859
- Pannuti, 1993, Dying with dignity, World Health Forum, 14, 172
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dignity Therapy: A Novel Psychotherapeutic Intervention for Patients Near the End of Life
Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T., Hassard, T., Kristjanson, L. J., McClement, S., & Harlos, M. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.08.391 · Cited by 1,033
Self-citationFactors influencing death at home in terminally ill patients with cancer: systematic review
Gomes, B., & Higginson, I. J. (2006) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38740.614954.55 · Cited by 977
“20 Place of death may result from interactions between three main groups of factors: those related to the illness, the individual, and the environment.”
BackgroundChochinov, H. M., Kristjanson, L. J., Breitbart, W., McClement, S., Hack, T. F., Hassard, T., & Harlos, M. (2011) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(11)70153-x · Cited by 775
Self-citationDignity-Conserving Care—A New Model for Palliative Care: Helping the Patient Feel Valued
Chochinov, H. M. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.17.2253 · Cited by 725
“One of the few studies to specifically examine the construct of dignity using patient informants provides a model that helps to describe the notion of dignity-conserving care.(22) This study analyzed qualitative interviews of 50 patients in an advanced stage of terminal cancer, and documented their understanding and p…”
BackgroundSelf-citationDignity in the terminally ill: a cross-sectional, cohort study
Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T. F., Hassard, T. H., Kristjanson, L. J., McClement, S., & Harlos, M. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)12022-8 · Cited by 475
Self-citationEffectiveness of Specialized Palliative Care
Zimmermann, C., Riechelmann, R. P., Krzyzanowska, M. K., Rodin, G., & Tannock, I. F. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.14.1698 · Cited by 468
The Patient Dignity Inventory: A Novel Way of Measuring Dignity-Related Distress in Palliative Care
Chochinov, H. M., Hassard, T. H., McClement, S., Hack, T. F., Kristjanson, L. J., Harlos, M., Sinclair, S., & Murray, A. (2008) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.12.018 · Cited by 430
Self-citationDying, Dignity, and New Horizons in Palliative End-of-Life Care
Chochinov, H. M. (2006) · CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/canjclin.56.2.84 · Cited by 405
Self-citationJacobson, N. A. (2006) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.08.039 · Cited by 346
Compassion in Health Care: An Empirical Model
Sinclair, S., McClement, S., Raffin-Bouchal, S., Hack, T. F., Hagen, N. A., McConnell, S., & Chochinov, H. M. (2016) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.10.009 · Cited by 328
“An interview guide was developed (Table 2) based on a literature review and our research team’s previous experience conducting research with patients approaching end of life.(12,31,32)”
MethodSelf-citationPatient dignity in an acute hospital setting: A case study
Baillie, L. (2008) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2008.08.003 · Cited by 310
“Patients in varied settings have identified the importance of dignity to them ( Chochinov et al., 2002; Matiti, 2002; Joffe et al., 2003) and respecting people’s rights to dignity is inherent in nursing (International Council of Nurses (ICN), 2006).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialFrom the national consensus project for quality palliative care (a consortium of the american academy of hospice and palliative Medicine, T. C. T. A. P. C. (2004) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2004.7.611 · Cited by 292
Clayton, J. M., Butow, P. N., Arnold, R. M., & Tattersall, M. H. N. (2005) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.21011 · Cited by 284
“However, the ways of coping with a terminal prognosis that are outlined in Table 3 are similar to some of the “dignity-conserving practices” reported by Chochinov et al.(24) In their study, 50 patients with advanced terminal cancer from a PC unit in Canada were interviewed regarding how they coped with their illness a…”
ResultTreatment of existential distress in life threatening illness: A review of manualized interventions
LeMay, K., & Wilson, K. G. (2008) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2007.07.013 · Cited by 280
Beach, M., Sugarman, J., Johnson, R. L., Arbelaez, J., Duggan, P., & Cooper, L. (2005) · Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.328 · Cited by 286
THE BIRTH OF THE EMPIRICAL TURN IN BIOETHICS
Borry, P., Schotsmans, P. T., & Dierickx, K. (2005) · Bioethics · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2005.00424.x · Cited by 261
Feeling like a burden: Exploring the perspectives of patients at the end of life
McPherson, C. J., Wilson, K. G., & Murray, M. A. (2007) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.09.013 · Cited by 244
Feeling like a burden to others: a systematic review focusing on the end of life
McPherson, C. J., Wilson, K. G., & Murray, M. A. (2007) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216307076345 · Cited by 253
Tang, S. T. (2003) · Cancer Nursing · doi:10.1097/00002820-200306000-00012 · Cited by 231
Dignity in the Terminally Ill: Revisited
Chochinov, H. M., Krisjanson, L. J., Hack, T. F., Hassard, T. H., McClement, S., & Harlos, M. (2006) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2006.9.666 · Cited by 202
Self-citationReframing Hope: Meaning-Centered Care for Patients Near the End of Life
BREITBART, W. S., & Heller, K. S. (2003) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/109662103322654901 · Cited by 202
Interventions to Enhance the Spiritual Aspects of Dying
Chochinov, H. M., & Cann, B. (2005) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2005.8.s-103 · Cited by 213
Self-citationA Burden to Others: A Common Source of Distress for the Terminally Ill
Wilson, K. G., Curran, D., & McPherson, C. J. (2005) · Cognitive Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506070510008461 · Cited by 191
Dignity in older age: what do older people in the United Kingdom think?
Woolhead, G. (2004) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afh045 · Cited by 198
“Previous studies have tended to focus on older people with speciWc problems or in residential or hospital settings [14].”
BackgroundRodríguez‐Prat, A., Monforte‐Royo, C., Porta-Sales, J., Escribano, X., & Balaguer, A. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151435 · Cited by 188
“Some patients expressed their fear of becoming a financial burden on the family, and, especially, of requiring kinds of help that they would never have wished to need [2,16,30,38,42].”
BackgroundInfluentialAn integrative review of dignity in end-of-life care
Guo, Q., & Jacelon, C. S. (2014) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216314528399 · Cited by 185
Dignity and the challenge of dying in nursing homes: the residents' view
Pleschberger, S. (2007) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afl152 · Cited by 192
“Concerning the issue of a dignified death, there are parallels with other studies examining the quality of endof-life care [2, 5, 21, 22].”
BackgroundResultMonforte‐Royo, C., Villavicencio‐Chávez, C., Tomás‐Sábado, J., Mahtani‐Chugani, V., & Balaguer, A. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037117 · Cited by 192
Rodríguez‐Prat, A., Balaguer, A., Booth, A., & Monforte‐Royo, C. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016659 · Cited by 193
A concept analysis of dignity for older adults
Jacelon, C. S., Connelly, T., Brown, R., Proulx, K., & Vo, T. (2004) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03170.x · Cited by 182
The Quality of Dying and Death Questionnaire (QODD): Empirical Domains and Theoretical Perspectives
Downey, L., Curtis, J. R., Lafferty, W. E., Herting, J. R., & Engelberg, R. A. (2009) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2009.05.012 · Cited by 181
“However, this omission is in part a result of strong cross-loadings of dignity on multiple domainsda pattern congruent with work by other researchers, who have noted that ‘‘dignity’’ means different things to different people and that the term, therefore, has relevance for several domains of the end-of-life experience…”
Understanding the Will to Live in Patients Nearing Death
Max Chochinov, H., Hack, T., Hassard, T., Kristjanson, L. J., McClement, S., & Harlos, M. (2005) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1176/appi.psy.46.1.7 · Cited by 171
Self-citationDignity Therapy: Family Member Perspectives
McClement, S., Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T., Hassard, T., Kristjanson, L. J., & Harlos, M. (2007) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2007.0002 · Cited by 171
Self-citationPsychological Issues in End-of-Life Care
Block, S. D. (2006) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2006.9.751 · Cited by 179
“20,21 Current research does not support the value of one approach over others.”
Hudson, P., Kristjanson, L. J., Ashby, M. D., Kelly, B. J., Schofield, P. E., Hudson, R. E., Aranda, S. K., O'Connor, M., & Street, A. F. (2006) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216306071799 · Cited by 175
Self-citationHope in advanced cancer patients
McClement, S., & Chochinov, H. M. (2008) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2008.02.031 · Cited by 163
Self-citationPreserving dignity in caring for older adults: a concept analysis
Anderberg, P., Lepp, M., Berglund, A., & Segesten, K. M. (2007) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04375.x · Cited by 151
Age and Gender Considerations in Psychiatric Diagnosis: A Research Agenda For DSM-V
First, M. B., Sirovatka, P. J., & Regier, D. A. (2007) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890427668 · Cited by 152
Dignity Violation in Health Care
Jacobson, N. A. (2009) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732309349809 · Cited by 166
Burden to Others and the Terminally Ill
Chochinov, H. M., Kristjanson, L. J., Hack, T. F., Hassard, T. H., McClement, S., & Harlos, M. (2007) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2006.12.012 · Cited by 141
“Our more recent qualitative analysis of ‘‘hopelessness’’ in this patient population suggests that it approximates one’s sense of meaning or purpose, or the lack thereof.(10)”
BackgroundSelf-citationTan, A., Zimmermann, C., & Rodin, G. (2005) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1191/0269216305pm994oa · Cited by 139
Symptom burden, loss of dignity, and demoralization in patients with cancer: a mediation model
Vehling, S., & Mehnert, A. (2013) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.3417 · Cited by 135
“Previous findings, however, suggest that physical symptom burden is also related to a number of other existential concerns, for example, feeling a burden to others [8,27], loss of control, loss of important roles, and an incoherent view of the self [6,28].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialWhat Determines the Quality of Life of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients from Their Own Perspective?
Cohen, S. R., & Leis, A. M. (2002) · Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.1177/082585970201800108 · Cited by 133
“explain the construct of dignity in the terminally ill (27).”
BackgroundDying with dignity: The good patient versus the good death
Proulx, K., & Jacelon, C. S. (2004) · American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® · doi:10.1177/104990910402100209 · Cited by 127
Challenges to conducting research with older people living in nursing homes
HALL, S. L., Longhurst, S., & Higginson, I. J. (2009) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-9-38 · Cited by 126
“Interview topics were closely based on recent research conducted with Canadian cancer patients[13] and lasted 45–75 minutes.”
BackgroundDignity and the Eye of the Beholder
Chochinov, H. M. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2004.12.095 · Cited by 122
Self-citationJulião, M., Oliveira, F., Nunes, B., Vaz Carneiro, A., & Barbosa, A. (2014) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2013.0567 · Cited by 117
Parse, R. R. (2010) · Nursing Science Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0894318410371841 · Cited by 115
HALL, S. L., Goddard, C., Opio, D., Speck, P. W., & Higginson, I. J. (2011) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216311418145 · Cited by 115
Processes of Adjustment to End-of-Life Losses: A Reintegration Model
Knight, S. J., & Emanuel, L. L. (2007) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2006.0068 · Cited by 112
“9 Reintegration may function to provide the stability and coherence that allows important relationships to endure.”
Robinson, S., Kissane, D. W., Brooker, J., Hempton, C., & Burney, S. (2017) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2016.08.013 · Cited by 112
Borry, P., Schotsmans, P. T., & Dierickx, K. (2004) · Medicine Health Care and Philosophy · doi:10.1023/b:mhep.0000021844.57115.9d · Cited by 111
“…empirical research vary from how theoretical concepts such as dignity and autonomy are interpreted in the respective contexts of terminal illness (Chochinov et al., 2002) or hospital practice (Schemer, 2001), to the norms and values that appear in relation to organ transplantation (Guttmann and…”
BackgroundTang, S. T., Liu, T., Lai, M., Liu, L., & Chen, C.-H. (2005) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.05.019 · Cited by 110
Living and dying with dignity: a qualitative study of the views of older people in nursing homes
HALL, S. L., Longhurst, S., & Higginson, I. J. (2009) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afp069 · Cited by 110
“The quote supporting this theme in Chochinov’s model [6] was from a patient with young children.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialDefining dignity in terminally ill cancer patients: A factor‐analytic approach
Hack, T. F., Chochinov, H. M., Hassard, T. H., Kristjanson, L. J., McClement, S., & Harlos, M. (2004) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.786 · Cited by 109
“Our research team has systematically identified and described the various factors that either support or undermine a dying patient’s sense of dignity (Chochinov et al., 2002a).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMorita, T., Kawa, M., Honke, Y., Kohara, H., Maeyama, E., Kizawa, Y., Akechi, T., & Uchitomi, Y. (2004) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-003-0561-6 · Cited by 109
Prognostic acceptance and the well-being of patients receiving palliative care for cancer
Thompson, G. N., Chochinov, H. M., Wilson, K. G., McPherson, C. J., Chary, S., O'Shea, F. M., Kuhl, D. R., Fainsinger, R. L., Gagnon, P. R., & Macmillan, K. A. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2009.22.9799 · Cited by 108
Self-citationLiving with a terminal illness: patients’ priorities
Carter, H., MacLeod, R., Brander, P., & McPherson, K. M. (2004) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02953.x · Cited by 106
Dignity and Distress towards the End of Life across Four Non-Cancer Populations
Chochinov, H. M., Johnston, W. S. W., McClement, S., Hack, T. F., Dufault, B., Enns, M. W., Thompson, G. N., Harlos, M., Damant, R. W., Ramsey, C. D., et al. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147607 · Cited by 112
“Consistent with previous studies [15,17,54,55], losing dignity is affiliated with an assault on personhood, and feeling a diminished sense of worth or value; a burden to others; not feeling in control of one’s life; having unfinished business; worrying about the future, while expressing dissatisfaction with the past—a…”
Self-citationPalliative Care of Children With Brain Tumors: A Parental Perspective
Zelcer, S., Cataudella, D., Cairney, A. E. L., & Bannister, S. L. (2010) · Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.284 · Cited by 99
“D URING THE PAST DECADE, many studies have documented substantial suffering among children dying of cancer.(1-23) Gaps in the palliative care of these children and their families have been identified, including inadequate relief of pain and other symptoms,(2) communication barriers between the family and the health ca…”
BackgroundAndersson, M., Hallberg, I. R., & Edberg, A. (2007) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.04.003 · Cited by 103
“Chochinov et al. (2002), focusing on dying persons’ understanding of dignity, suggested that dignity includes ‘‘illness-related concerns’’, ‘‘dignity-conserving repertoire’’ and ‘‘social dignity inventory’’.”
HALL, S. L., Goddard, C., Opio, D., Speck, P. W., Martin, P., & Higginson, I. J. (2011) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000054 · Cited by 103
Tang, S. T., Liu, T., Lai, M., Liu, L., Chen, C., & Koong, S.-L. (2006) · Cancer Investigation · doi:10.1080/07357900600705284 · Cited by 104
“Scholars (36, 37) suggested that to maintain dignity, terminally-ill cancer patients must have a sense of control over their dying circumstances and must be able to make their own decisions and to preside over their own dying.”
BackgroundOosterveld‐Vlug, M., Pasman, H. R. W., van Gennip, I. E., Muller, M. T., Willems, D. L., & Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D. (2013) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.12171 · Cited by 102
Dignity and psychotherapeutic considerations in end-of-life care
Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T., Hassard, T., Kristjanson, L. J., McClement, S., & Harlos, M. (2004) · Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.1177/082585970402000303 · Cited by 99
“Our research on the issue of dying with dignity has also included qualitative studies, yielding an empirically based model of dignity in the terminally ill (13,55).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLloyd, A., Kendall, M., Starr, J. M., & Murray, S. A. (2016) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-016-0350-y · Cited by 104
“This was especially acute in an institution as their physical limitations denied them the freedom to ‘walk out’ and relates to affronts to dignity at feeling in the control of other people [34, 35].”
Backgroundvan Gennip, I. E., Pasman, H. R. W., Oosterveld‐Vlug, M., Willems, D. L., & Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D. (2013) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.12.014 · Cited by 100
Vehling, S., Lehmann, C., Oechsle, K., Bokemeyer, C., Krüll, A., Koch, U., & Mehnert, A. (2012) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1866 · Cited by 97
“Accordingly, physical symptoms can, beyond potentially compromising a patient’s sense of dignity through leading to feelings of dependency or being a burden to others [49], force patients to abandon worthwhile goals or plans formerly providing a framework of personal meaning [42,50].”
BackgroundXiao, J., Chow, K. M., Liu, Y., & Chan, C. W. H. (2019) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5162 · Cited by 95
Mason, B. L., Nanton, V., Epiphaniou, E., Murray, S. A., Donaldson, A., Shipman, C., Daveson, B. A., Harding, R., Higginson, I. J., Munday, D., et al. (2014) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2013-000639 · Cited by 94
In sickness and in dignity: A philosophical account of the meaning of dignity in health care
Barclay, L. (2016) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.06.010 · Cited by 94
Solano, J. P. C., da Silva, A. G., Soares, I. A., Ashmawi, H. A., & Vieira, J. E. (2016) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-016-0139-y · Cited by 92
“Among dying patients, hope is apparently related to concepts of meaning and purpose [14].”
BackgroundPringle, J., Johnston, B. M., & Buchanan, D. (2015) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216315575681 · Cited by 88
Bovero, A., Sedghi, N. A., Opezzo, M., Botto, R., Pinto, M., Ieraci, V., & Torta, R. (2018) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.4884 · Cited by 86
“Existential concerns may represent a strong risk factor for the maintenance of terminally ill patients' well‐being, and several of them are included in Chochinov et al's dignity model.(7) In fact, loss of dignity and existential distress are associated.”
BackgroundMethodTang, S. T., Liu, T., Lai, M., & McCorkle, R. C. (2005) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.02.006 · Cited by 85
Julião, M., Oliveira, F., Nunes, B., Carneiro, A. V., & Barbosa, A. (2017) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951516001140 · Cited by 86
“DT is based on an empirical model of dignity in the terminally ill (Chochinov et al., 2002).”
MethodLiving in a World without Closure: Reality for Parents who have Experienced the Death of a Child
Woodgate, R. L. (2006) · Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.1177/082585970602200203 · Cited by 84
“Originally developed specifically for adult patients near the end of life, dignity therapy encourages dying individuals to speak to those issues that matter most (34-36).”
BackgroundEnd-of-life care and outcomes.
Lorenz, K., Lynn, J., Morton, S. C., Dy, S. M., Mularski, R. A., Shugarman, L. R., Sun, V. C.-Y., Wilkinson, A., Maglione, M., & Shekelle, P. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 84
Dignity conserving care at end-of-life: A narrative review
Östlund, U., Brown, H. K., & Johnston, B. M. (2011) · European Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2011.07.010 · Cited by 84
Julião, M., Barbosa, A., Oliveira, F., Nunes, B., & Carneiro, A. V. (2013) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951512000892 · Cited by 81
Patients’ perception of dignity in an Italian general hospital: a cross-sectional analysis
Ferri, P., Muzzalupo, J., & Lorenzo, R. D. (2015) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-015-0704-8 · Cited by 80
“to maintain dignity properly even in adverse situations [5-7].”
BackgroundXiao, J., Chow, K. M., Choi, K. C., Ng, M. S. N., Huang, C., Ding, J., & Chan, C. W. H. (2022) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104217 · Cited by 79
Learning from dying patients during their final days: life reflections gleaned from dignity therapy
Hack, T. F., McClement, S., Chochinov, H. M., Cann, B., Hassard, T. H., Kristjanson, L. J., & Harlos, M. (2010) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216310373164 · Cited by 88
Self-citationSpiritual, Religious, and Existential Aspects of Palliative Care
Okon, T. R. (2005) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2005.8.392 · Cited by 79
“52 Two novel approaches 166,167 to therapy have been recently described: meaning centered and dignity psychotherapies.”
HALL, S. L., Dodd, R. H., & Higginson, I. J. (2013) · Geriatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.gerinurse.2013.10.012 · Cited by 77
The End-of-Life Phase of High-Grade Glioma Patients: Dying With Dignity?
Sizoo, E. M., TAPHOORN, M. J. B., Uitdehaag, B. M. J., Heimans, J. J., Deliëns, L., Reijneveld, J. C., & Pasman, H. R. W. (2013) · The Oncologist · doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0247 · Cited by 75
Dignity therapy: A feasibility study of elders in long-term care
Chochinov, H. M., Cann, B., Cullihall, K., Kristjanson, L., Harlos, M., McClement, S. E., Hack, T. F., & Hassard, T. (2012) · Palliative and Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951511000538 · Cited by 73
“The intervention is based on an empirically grounded model of dignity (Chochinov et al., 2002) and has proven (Chochinov et al., 2005) effective in reducing end-of-life psychosocial and existential distress.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationDignity Therapy Implementation in a Community-Based Hospice Setting
Montross, L. P., Winters, K. D., & Irwin, S. A. (2011) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2010.0449 · Cited by 72
Dignity in care in the clinical setting
Lin, Y., Watson, R. A., & Tsai, Y. (2012) · Nursing Ethics · doi:10.1177/0969733012458609 · Cited by 72
Self-Perceived Burden to Others: Patient and Family Caregiver Correlates
McPherson, C. J., Wilson, K. G., Lobchuk, M., & Brajtman, S. (2007) · Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.1177/082585970702300303 · Cited by 72
“(4), factors relevant to exemplary care (5), existential distress (6), and loss of dignity (7).”
BackgroundMurata, H., & Morita, T. (2006) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951506060354 · Cited by 75
“Recently, many empirical models, theoretical hypotheses, and clinical intervention studies have been reported in Western societies ~Block, 2001; Kissane et al., 2001; Breitbart, 2002; Chochinov, 2002; Chochinov et al., 2002, 2005; Passik et al., 2004!.”
BackgroundOechsle, K., Wais, M. C., Vehling, S., Bokemeyer, C., & Mehnert, A. (2014) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.10.022 · Cited by 71
Wang, C., Chen, J., Wang, Y., Xu, W., Xie, M., Wu, Y., & Hu, R. (2021) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103922 · Cited by 70
Preference of Chinese general public and healthcare providers for a good death
Haishan, H., Liu, H., Tieying, Z., & Xuemei, P. (2014) · Nursing Ethics · doi:10.1177/0969733014524760 · Cited by 69
Sautier, L., Vehling, S., & Mehnert, A. (2013) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.02.023 · Cited by 68
Dignity-conserving care: application of research findings to practice
McClement, S., Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T. F., Kristjanson, L. J., & Harlos, M. (2004) · International Journal of Palliative Nursing · doi:10.12968/ijpn.2004.10.4.12794 · Cited by 68
Self-citationPatients' perception of dignity in Iranian healthcare settings: a qualitative content analysis
Ebrahimi, H., Torabizadeh, C., Mohammadi, E., & Valizadeh, S. (2012) · Journal of Medical Ethics · doi:10.1136/medethics-2011-100396 · Cited by 66
Lau, J., Khoo, A. M., Ho, A. H. Y., & Tan, K. (2021) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.5666 · Cited by 68
“TAB L E 2 Definitions of psychological resilience in the included studies Study Definition Key terms Chochinov et al. (2002) ‘Resilience or fighting spirit refers to the mental determination that some patients exercise to overcome their illness‐related concerns or to optimise their quality of…”
BackgroundLin, Y., Tsai, Y., & Chen, H. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03499.x · Cited by 65
van Gennip, I. E., Pasman, H. R. W., Oosterveld‐Vlug, M., Willems, D. L., & Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D. (2014) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbu137 · Cited by 65
“Such feelings can lead to the conclusion that their lives have become superfluous (Chochinov et al., 2002), sometimes resulting in the desire to terminate life prematurely (Ganzini, Goy, & Dobscha, 2008; Georges, Onwuteaka-Philipsen, van der Heide, van der Wal, & van der Maas, 2006; Jansen-van der Weide, Onwuteaka-Phi…”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T., McClement, S., Kristjanson, L., & Harlos, M.
- Affiliations
- CancerCare Manitoba (CA)
- University of Manitoba (CA)
- Edith Cowan University (AU)
- St. Boniface Hospital (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Chochinov, Harvey Max
- Venue
- Social Science & Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 433-443
- ISSN
- 0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2015893364
- Cited by
- 733
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 39 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 19.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Online (Edith Cowan University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Manitoba
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Issues, ethics and legal aspects › Patient Dignity and Privacy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Keywords
- human dignity, dying patients, advanced cancer, end-of-life care, palliative care, patient perspectives, coping with terminal illness, social dignity, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Psychological, Anecdotes as Topic, Attitude to Death, Family Relations, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Manitoba, Neoplasms, Professional-Patient Relations, Quality of Life, Right to Die, Skilled Nursing Facilities, Terminal Care, Cost of Illness, Terminally Ill
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
