The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“We implement this regression using the dynamic panel estimator by Blundell and Bond ( 1998 ) , which controls for endogenous prices and serially correlated error terms.”
From Industry Compensation under Relocation Risk: A Firm-Level Analysis of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (2014) · cites this paper as Blundell and Bond 1998
In the citing paper
“the System GMM approach, as developed by Arellano and Bover (1995) and Blundell and Bond (1998), is particularly suitable for this study because it addresses key econometric challenges such as endogeneity, unobserved heterogeneity, and measurement errors.”
From Remittance–economic growth linkage in Africa: the roles of financial development and inflation (2025) · cites this paper as Blundell and Bond (1998)
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, it employs the lags of the endogenous regressor as internal instruments to mitigate any potential endogeneity issues that may develop because of the introduction of the lag dependent variable as part of the regressors.”
From The impact of financial development on economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. Does institutional quality matter? (2023) · cites this paper as Blundell and Bond (1998)
In the citing paper
“First, the system-GMM estimator can handle panel data with small time (T) and large cross-sectional units (N), such as T = 18 and N = 29 in this study.”
From The impact of financial development on economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. Does institutional quality matter? (2023) · cites this paper as Blundell and Bond (1998)
In the citing paper
“Secondly, as estimation strategy, we use a dynamic panel systemgeneralised method of moments (SYS-GMM) estimator, which allows us to control for potential endogeneity problems.”
From Finance-growth nexus in sub-Saharan Africa (2021) · cites this paper as Blundell & Bond 1998
In the citing paper
“This estimator, requiring a large number of cross-section units and a small number of time periods, was chosen in order to control: (1) country-specific effects, (2) autocorrelation problems, due to the presence of the lagged dependent variable in the model, and (3) simultaneity bias, caused by potential endogeneity of some of the explanatory variables.”
From Finance-growth nexus in sub-Saharan Africa (2021) · cites this paper as Blundell & Bond 1998
In the citing paper
“These models have been widely used to address the endogeneity issue that arises in the estimation of growth regressions using panel data. (Arellano, 1995); (Blundell, R., and S. Bond, 1998).”
From Financial development and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using system GMM analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Blundell, R., and S. Bond, 1998
In the citing paper
“They also account for biases caused by country-specific effects or the presence of initial GDP in the growth covariates.”
From Financial development and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using system GMM analysis (2026) · cites this paper as Blundell, R., and S. Bond, 1998
Citations
Cites
Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991) · The Review of Economic Studies · doi:10.2307/2297968 · Cited by 33,272
Self-citationAnother look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models
Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/0304-4076(94)01642-d · Cited by 19,880
Large Sample Properties of Generalized Method of Moments Estimators
Hansen, L. P. (1982) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1912775 · Cited by 13,467
Biases in dynamic models with fixed effects
Nickell, S. (1981) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1911408 · Cited by 8,735
Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments
Staiger, D., & Stock, J. H. (1997) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2171753 · Cited by 7,081
Estimating Vector Autoregressions with Panel Data
Holtz‐Eakin, D., Newey, W. K., & Rosen, H. S. (1988) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1913103 · Cited by 4,187
Estimation of Dynamic Models with Error Components
Anderson, T. W., & Hsiao, C. (1981) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1981.10477691 · Cited by 2,386
Efficient estimation of models for dynamic panel data
AHN, S. C., & Schmidt, P. (1995) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/0304-4076(94)01641-c · Cited by 1,062
Asymptotic efficiency in estimation with conditional moment restrictions
Chamberlain, G. (1987) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/0304-4076(87)90015-7 · Cited by 793
Estimating Dynamic Random Effects Models from Panel Data Covering Short Time Periods
Bhargava, A., & Sargan, J. D. (1983) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1912110 · Cited by 418
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Hsiao, C., 1986, Analysis of Panel Data. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Nelson, 1990, The distribution of the instrumental variable estimator and itst-ratio when the instrument is a poor one, Journal of Business Economics and Statistics, 63, 5125
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,046
Small sample bias properties of the system GMM estimator in dynamic panel data models
Hayakawa, K. (2006) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2006.09.011 · Cited by 208
Perera, L., & Lee, G. H. Y. (2013) · Journal of Asian Economics · doi:10.1016/j.asieco.2013.06.002 · Cited by 218
Research, development, and firm growth. Empirical evidence from European top R&D spending firms
Manjon, J. V. G., & Romero‐Merino, M. E. (2012) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2012.03.017 · Cited by 208
Murtin, F., & Wacziarg, R. T. (2011) · Journal of Economic Growth · doi:10.1007/s10887-013-9100-6 · Cited by 208
Institutional quality and FDI inflows in Arab economies
Aziz, O. G. (2017) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2017.10.026 · Cited by 208
Zhang, Y., Shi, W., & Lin, J. (2019) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.2404 · Cited by 208
Efficiency-Adjusted Public Capital and Growth
Gupta, S., Kangur, A., Papageorgiou, C., & Wane, A. (2014) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.11.012 · Cited by 208
Could financial distortions be no impediment to economic growth after all? Evidence from China
Guariglia, A., & Poncet, S. (2007) · Journal of Comparative Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jce.2007.12.003 · Cited by 208
Rahman, A., Murad, S. M. W., Mohsin, A. K. M., & Wang, X. (2024) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142113 · Cited by 215
Bae, K.-H., El Ghoul, S., Guedhami, O., Kwok, C. C. Y., & Zheng, Y. (2019) · Journal of Banking & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jbankfin.2018.11.007 · Cited by 207
Potrafke, N. (2010) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2010.07.008 · Cited by 217
Telecommunications and economic growth: an empirical analysis of sub-Saharan Africa
Lee, S. H., Levendis, J. D., & Gutiérrez, L. H. (2011) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2010.508730 · Cited by 207
Testing the relationship between competition and efficiency in banking: A panel data analysis
Casu, B., & Girardone, C. (2009) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2009.06.018 · Cited by 207
Manufacturing and economic development: The actuality of Kaldor's first and second laws
Marconi, N., Reis, C. F. D. B., & Araújo, E. (2015) · Structural Change and Economic Dynamics · doi:10.1016/j.strueco.2015.12.002 · Cited by 207
Naeem, K., & Li, M. C. (2019) · International Review of Financial Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.irfa.2019.01.003 · Cited by 207
Wang, J., Dong, X., & Dong, K. Y. (2022) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106107 · Cited by 207
Multinationals and U.S. Productivity Leadership: Evidence from Great Britain
Criscuolo, C., & Martin, R. (2009) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1162/rest.91.2.263 · Cited by 206
Causal Inference by Independent Component Analysis: Theory and Applications*
Moneta, A., Entner, D., Hoyer, P. O., & Coad, A. (2012) · Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0084.2012.00710.x · Cited by 206
CEO Compensation and Corporate Governance in C hina
Conyon, M. J., & He, L. (2012) · Corporate Governance An International Review · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2012.00935.x · Cited by 206
The double-edged sword of industry collaboration: Evidence from engineering academics in the UK
Banal-Estañol, A., Jofre-Bonet, M., & Lawson, C. (2015) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2015.02.006 · Cited by 205
Bianchi, M., & Cordella, M. (2022) · Ecological Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107607 · Cited by 228
Stronger Risk Controls, Lower Risk: Evidence from U.S. Bank Holding Companies
Ellul, A., & Yerramilli, V. (2010) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w16178 · Cited by 205
Francis, W. B., & Osborne, M. (2011) · Journal of Banking & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jbankfin.2011.09.011 · Cited by 204
Ataullah, A., & Le, H. (2006) · Applied Financial Economics · doi:10.1080/09603100500407440 · Cited by 204
On the impact of error cross-sectional dependence in short dynamic panel estimation
Sarafidis, V., & Robertson, D. H. (2008) · Econometrics Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1368-423x.2008.00260.x · Cited by 204
The environmental consequences of domestic and foreign investment: Evidence from China
Liu, Y., Hao, Y., & Gao, Y. (2017) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2017.05.055 · Cited by 204
Public investment in developing countries: A blessing or a curse?
Cavallo, E. A., & Daude, C. (2010) · Journal of Comparative Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jce.2010.10.001 · Cited by 204
China's Impact on Africa The Role of Trade, FDI and Aid
Busse, M., Erdoğan, C., & Mühlen, H. (2014) · Kyklos · doi:10.1111/kykl.12110 · Cited by 204
Intellectual capital efficiency and bank performance: Evidence from islamic banks
Rehman, A. U., Aslam, E., & Iqbal, A. (2021) · Borsa Istanbul Review · doi:10.1016/j.bir.2021.02.004 · Cited by 204
Yang, L., & Ni, M. (2021) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105734 · Cited by 204
The political economy of financial development
Girma, S., & Shortland, A. (2007) · Oxford Economic Papers · doi:10.1093/oep/gpm040 · Cited by 203
Women's representation and public spending
Svaleryd, H. (2009) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2008.12.004 · Cited by 203
On the distribution of education and democracy
Castelló‐Climent, A. (2007) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2007.10.006 · Cited by 203
Fan, M., Shao, S., & Yang, L. (2015) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2014.12.027 · Cited by 203
Florackis, C., & Ozkan, A. (2007) · European Financial Management · doi:10.1111/j.1468-036x.2007.00418.x · Cited by 203
Regional growth and finance in Europe: Is there a quality effect of bank efficiency?
Hasan, I., Koetter, M., & Wedow, M. (2009) · Journal of Banking & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jbankfin.2009.02.018 · Cited by 203
Vu, H. V., Tran, T. Q., Nguyen, T. V., & Lim, S. (2016) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3016-y · Cited by 203
Khan, S. A. R. (2019) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-019-04829-4 · Cited by 203
Zhao, J., Jiang, Q., Dong, X., & Dong, K. Y. (2020) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2020.104712 · Cited by 203
Gerged, A. M., Beddewela, E. S., & Cowton, C. J. (2020) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.2616 · Cited by 222
Leitão, N. C., & Balsalobre‐Lorente, D. (2020) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en13184838 · Cited by 203
Foreign independent directors and the quality of legal institutions
Miletkov, M. K., Poulsen, A. B., & Wintoki, M. B. (2016) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/s41267-016-0033-0 · Cited by 203
Innovation and Employment: Evidence from Italian Microdata
Piva, M., & Vivarelli, M. (2005) · Journal of Economics · doi:10.1007/s00712-005-0140-z · Cited by 203
Which type of tourism matters to the regional economic growth? The cases of Spain and Italy
Cortés‐Jiménez, I. (2008) · International Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.1002/jtr.646 · Cited by 202
Residential electricity demand in Spain: New empirical evidence using aggregate data
Blázquez, L., Boogen, N., & Filippini, M. (2012) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2012.11.010 · Cited by 202
Gender‐diverse boards and audit fees: What difference does gender quota legislation make?
Nekhili, M., Gull, A. A., Chtioui, T., & Radhouane, I. (2019) · Journal of Business Finance & Accounting · doi:10.1111/jbfa.12409 · Cited by 202
Company Dividends and Ownership Structure: Evidence from UK Panel Data
Khan, T. (2006) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2006.01082.x · Cited by 201
Economic Freedom and Productivity Growth in Resource-rich Economies
Farhadi, M., Islam, M. R., & Moslehi, S. (2015) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.02.014 · Cited by 201
Law and the Determinants of Property‐Casualty Insurance
Esho, N., Kirievsky, A., Ward, D., & Zurbruegg, R. (2004) · Journal of Risk & Insurance · doi:10.1111/j.0022-4367.2004.00089.x · Cited by 201
B, F. D. A., Lodigiani, E., Hillel Rapoport, C., & Schiff, M. (2015) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2015.12.001 · Cited by 213
Can the internet reduce corruption? A cross-country study based on dynamic panel data models
Lio, M., Liu, M., & Ou, Y.-P. (2010) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2010.01.005 · Cited by 200
Urbanization and income inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sulemana, I., Nketiah-Amponsah, E., Codjoe, E., & Andoh, J. A. N. (2019) · Sustainable cities and society · doi:10.1016/j.scs.2019.101544 · Cited by 182
Girma, S., Gong, Y., & Görg, H. (2009) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.07.017 · Cited by 199
Gui-Diby, S. L. (2014) · Research in Economics · doi:10.1016/j.rie.2014.04.003 · Cited by 199
Testing the principle of ‘growth of the fitter’: The relationship between profits and firm growth
Coad, A. (2007) · Structural Change and Economic Dynamics · doi:10.1016/j.strueco.2007.05.001 · Cited by 199
Davis, L. E. (2017) · Metroeconomica · doi:10.1111/meca.12179 · Cited by 199
Resource blessing, revenue curse? Domestic revenue effort in resource-rich countries
Crivelli, E., & Gupta, S. (2014) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2014.04.001 · Cited by 199
COMPETITION AND STABILITY IN EUROPEAN BANKING: A REGIONAL ANALYSIS*
LIU, H., Molyneux, P., & Wilson, J. O. S. (2012) · Manchester School · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9957.2011.02285.x · Cited by 199
Ibrahim, M., & Vo, X. V. (2021) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112057 · Cited by 199
The effect of digital transformation on firm performance: evidence from Swedish listed companies
Jardak, M. K., & Hamad, S. B. (2022) · The Journal of Risk Finance · doi:10.1108/jrf-12-2021-0199 · Cited by 199
Supervisory Effectiveness and Bank Risk
Delis, M. D., & Staikouras, P. K. (2011) · European Finance Review · doi:10.1093/rof/rfq035 · Cited by 198
Financial inclusion, economic growth and the role of digital technology
Daud, S. N. M., & Ahmad, A. H. (2022) · Finance research letters · doi:10.1016/j.frl.2022.103602 · Cited by 198
Januszewski, S. I., Koke, J. F., & Winter, J. (2002) · Research in Economics · doi:10.1006/reec.2001.0278 · Cited by 197
Is Foreign Aid a Vanguard of Foreign Direct Investment? A Gravity-Equation Approach
Kimura, H., & Todo, Y. (2009) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2009.10.005 · Cited by 197
Trade and unemployment: What do the data say?
Felbermayr, G. J., Prat, J., & Schmerer, H. (2011) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.02.003 · Cited by 197
The effects of ownership structure on likelihood of financial distress: an empirical evidence
Udin, S., Khan, M. A., & Javid, A. Y. (2017) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-03-2016-0067 · Cited by 197
Ouyang, X., Fang, X., Cao, Y., & Sun, C. (2020) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111765 · Cited by 197
Firm- and country-level determinants of corporate leverage: Some new international evidence
Gungoraydinoglu, A., & Öztekin, Ö. (2011) · Journal of Corporate Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2011.08.004 · Cited by 197
Immigration and economic growth in the OECD countries 1986–2006
Boubtane, E., Dumont, J., & Rault, C. (2016) · Oxford Economic Papers · doi:10.1093/oep/gpw001 · Cited by 196
The evolution of inequality in productivity and wages: panel data evidence
Faggio, G., Salvanes, K. G., & Reenen, J. M. V. (2010) · Industrial and Corporate Change · doi:10.1093/icc/dtq058 · Cited by 196
Determinants of tax revenue in OECD countries over the period 2001–2011
Castro, G. Á., & Camarillo, D. B. R. (2014) · Contaduría y Administración · doi:10.1016/s0186-1042(14)71265-3 · Cited by 196
Economic Development and Women's Labor Force Participation in India
Lahoti, R., & Swaminathan, H. (2015) · Feminist Economics · doi:10.1080/13545701.2015.1066022 · Cited by 196
Intra- and extra-bank determinants of Latin American Banks' profitability
Saona, P. (2016) · International Review of Economics & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.iref.2016.06.004 · Cited by 196
Voumik, L. C., Islam, M. A., Ray, S., Yusoff, N. Y. M., & Ridzuan, A. R. (2023) · Energies · doi:10.3390/en16031044 · Cited by 196
Financial stability and sustainable development
Ozili, P. K., & Iorember, P. T. (2023) · International Journal of Finance & Economics · doi:10.1002/ijfe.2803 · Cited by 196
Financial liberalization and bank risk-taking: International evidence
Cubillas, E., & González, F. (2013) · Journal of Financial Stability · doi:10.1016/j.jfs.2013.11.001 · Cited by 195
Acquisitions by emerging market multinationals: Implications for firm performance
Buckley, P. J., Elia, S., & Kafouros, M. I. (2014) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2013.12.013 · Cited by 195
Self-assessed health: What does it mean and what does it hide?
Black, N., & Johnston, D. W. (2014) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.10.007 · Cited by 195
Cash conversion cycle and firm's performance of Japanese firms
Nobanee, H., Abdullatif, M., & Hajjar, M. A. (2011) · Asian Review of Accounting · doi:10.1108/13217341111181078 · Cited by 195
Remittances, Financial Development, and Growth
Ruiz-Arranz, M., & Giuliano, P. (2005) · IMF Working Paper · doi:10.5089/9781451862539.001 · Cited by 195
Zhang, D., & Kong, Q. (2022) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106060 · Cited by 195
What Happens When Firms Patent? New Evidence from U.S. Economic Census Data
Balasubramanian, N., & Sivadasan, J. (2010) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.1162/rest_a_00058 · Cited by 194
The Econometrics Of Finance And Growth
Beck, T. (2008) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230244405_25 · Cited by 194
Bhat, J. A. (2018) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-018-3523-8 · Cited by 194
Factors determining European bank risk
Haq, M., & Heaney, R. A. (2012) · Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions and Money · doi:10.1016/j.intfin.2012.04.003 · Cited by 194
Damijan, J. P., Knell, M. S., Majcen, B., & Rojec, M. (2003) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.404241 · Cited by 194
Political institutions and economic volatility
Klomp, J., & de Haan, J. (2009) · European Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2009.02.006 · Cited by 193
Financial development and environmental performance: evidence from China
Yuxiang, K., & Chen, Z. (2010) · Environment and Development Economics · doi:10.1017/s1355770x10000422 · Cited by 193
Greenhouse gases emissions, growth and the energy mix in Europe: a dynamic panel data approach
Marrero, G. (2009) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2010.09.007 · Cited by 216
Political stability and growth: An application of dynamic GMM and quantile regression
Uddin, A., Ali, M. H., & Masih, M. (2017) · Economic Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2017.04.028 · Cited by 193
Omri, A. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.027 · Cited by 193
Fetahi-Vehapi, M., Sadiku, L., & Petkovski, M. (2015) · Procedia Economics and Finance · doi:10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00004-0 · Cited by 192
Training, productivity and wages in Italy
Conti, G. (2005) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2005.05.007 · Cited by 192
Volume and Quality of Infrastructure and the Distribution of Income: An Empirical Investigation
Calderón, C., & Chong, A. E. (2004) · Review of Income and Wealth · doi:10.1111/j.0034-6586.2004.00113.x · Cited by 192
Williams, A. (2010) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.08.015 · Cited by 191
Workers of the world, unite! Franchise extensions and the threat of revolution in Europe, 1820–1938
Aidt, T. S., & Jensen, P. S. (2014) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2014.08.001 · Cited by 191
R&D, knowledge spillovers and company productivity performance
O’Mahony, M., & Vecchi, M. (2008) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2008.09.003 · Cited by 191
The role of institutions in finance curse: Evidence from international data
Law, S. H., Kutan, A. M., & Naseem, N. A. M. (2017) · Journal of Comparative Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jce.2017.04.001 · Cited by 191
Roy, V. V., Vértesy, D., & Vivarelli, M. (2018) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2018.06.008 · Cited by 191
The effects of dynamic feedbacks on LS and MM estimator accuracy in panel data models
Bun, M. J. G., & Kiviet, J. F. (2005) · Journal of Econometrics · doi:10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.02.006 · Cited by 191
Metadata
- Authors
- Blundell, R., & Bond, S.
- Affiliations
- Institute for Fiscal Studies (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Blundell, Richard
- Venue
- Journal of Econometrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-11
- Volume
- 87
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 115-143
- ISSN
- 0304-4076 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3121403162
- Cited by
- 22,571
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2132 · 2025: 1885 · 2024: 1846 · 2023: 1912 · 2022: 1809 · 2021: 1742 · 2020: 1464 · 2019: 1283 · 2018: 1103 · 2017: 1080 · 2016: 967 · 2015: 851 · 2014: 742 · 2013: 632 · 2012: 650
- FWCI
- 52.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Econometrics (publishedVersion)
- Repository of Digital Objects for Teaching Research and Culture (University of Valencia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Keywords
- dynamic panel data, initial conditions, moment constraints, linear estimators, asymptotic efficiency, AR(1) model
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
