Risk tables for parkinsonism and Parkinson’s disease
Abstract
We applied the incidence rates of parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease (PD) from Olmsted County, MN (1976-1990) to a hypothetical cohort undergoing the mortality rates observed in Minnesota, and computed the lifetime risk and the remaining lifetime risk of developing parkinsonism and PD. These risks were compared to cumulative incidences that do not take competing risks of death into account. The lifetime risk of developing parkinsonism from birth was 4.4% for men and 3.7% for women (ratio = 1.2). The corresponding risk of developing PD was 2.0% for men and 1.3% for women (ratio = 1.5). Because of the opposite effect of higher incidence and higher mortality rates in men, the lifetime risks were only slightly higher in men than in women. Lifetime cumulative incidences were consistently higher than lifetime risks; this difference was more pronounced in men and in older subjects. Lifetime risk estimates are useful in clinical practice, epidemiologic research, and public health.
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Two-thirds of patients with AD are women.
“another study reported that two-thirds of AD patients are women [42].”
From Effect of Caffeine Consumption on the Risk for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders: Sex Differences in Human (2020) · cites this paper as [42]
Women have higher incidence and prevalence of dementia than men.
“Overall, women showed higher incidence and prevalence of dementia than men, possibly due to various factors, such as longer life expectancy of women and different neuroanatomical function [42].”
From Effect of Caffeine Consumption on the Risk for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders: Sex Differences in Human (2020) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Elbaz, A., Bower, J. H., Maraganore, D. M., McDonnell, S. K., Peterson, B. J., Ahlskog, J. E., Schaid, D. J., & Rocca, W. A.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rocca, Walter A
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 25-31
- ISSN
- 0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2013713870
- Cited by
- 377
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS033978, NS33978)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR030582, AR30582)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, parkinsonism, lifetime risk, cumulative incidence, competing risk of death, incidence rates, mortality rates, sex differences, Olmsted County, Minnesota
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Minnesota, Parkinson Disease, Risk Factors, Life Tables, Incidence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Parkinsonian Disorders
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