The role of oxytocin in parturition
Abstract
Oxytocin and the oxytocin receptor have two important roles in labour. Evidence in all mammalian species suggests that neurohypophysical oxytocin plays a role in the expulsive phase and, although there are less supporting data, a role for oxytocin in the initiation of labour is likely. The initiation of labour may be mediated in women and rhesus monkeys by paracrine rather than endocrine mechanisms. Although initial characterisation of the oxytocin knockout mouse suggested that oxytocin is not important in this species, subsequent investigations have demonstrated that oxytocin is important for the precise timing of the onset of labour. Studies in knockout mice also confirm important interrelationships between oxytocin and prostaglandins. Oxytocin stimulates prostaglandin release in many species, mainly in the decidua/uterine epithelium. The effects of oxytocin are mediated by tissue-specific oxytocin receptor expression, which leads directly to contraction in the myometrium and prostaglandin formation in the decidua. There is a dramatic increase in oxytocin receptor expression in these tissues in late pregnancy and pharmacological inhibition delays delivery, which suggests that, in contrast to oxytocin, the oxytocin receptor is essential for normal labour.
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Oxytocin has peripheral effects on parturition and lactation.
“Oxytocin is a mammalian neurohormone composed of nine amino acids, known for its peripheral effects on parturition and lactation (5–7), as well as its central neuromodulatory effects on social behaviors such as affiliative, aggressive, and parental behaviors (8, 9).”
From Oxytocin during Development: Possible Organizational Effects on Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- BLANKS, A.
- ORCID
- BLANKS, A
- Venue
- BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-04
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- s20
- Pages
- 46-51
- ISSN
- 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-0328
- OpenAlex
- W2027958963
- Cited by
- 296
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 72 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 10.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Keywords
- oxytocin, oxytocin receptor, childbirth, labor onset, expulsive phase, myometrial contraction, prostaglandins, decidua, paracrine mechanisms, rhesus monkeys, neurohypophysis, late pregnancy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Humans, Labor, Obstetric, Lactation, Oxytocin, Pregnancy, Swine, Receptors, Oxytocin, Parturition, Mice
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