The DOI matches its Crossref record; 96 of the 98 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Primary-progressive multiple sclerosis
Abstract
About 10-15% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) present with gradually increasing neurological disability, a disorder known as primary-progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). Compared with relapse-onset multiple sclerosis, people with PPMS are older at onset and a higher proportion are men. Inflammatory white-matter lesions are less evident but diffuse axonal loss and microglial activation are seen in healthy-looking white matter, in addition to cortical demyelination, and quantitative MRI shows atrophy and intrinsic abnormalities in the grey matter and the white matter. Spinal cord atrophy corresponds to the usual clinical presentation of progressive spastic paraplegia. Although neuroaxonal degeneration seems to underlie PPMS, the pathogenesis and the extent to which immune-mediated mechanisms operate is unclear. MRI of the brain and spinal cord, and examination of the CSF, are important investigations for diagnosis; conventional immunomodulatory therapies, such as interferon beta and glatiramer acetate, are ineffective. Future research should focus on the clarification of the mechanisms of axonal loss, improvements to the design of clinical trials, and the development of effective neuroprotective treatments.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Brain T2 lesion load tends to be lower in PPMS 6 and the combination of MRI and CSF findings provides a higher sensitivity than MRI alone.20”
From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges (2017) · cites this paper as [6]
In the citing paper
“The onset of PPMS in contrast is characterised by slowly progressive symptoms, most often an asymmetric paraparesis that evolves over months or years 6 or, less commonly, a progressive hemiparesis or cerebellar ataxia or very rarely, visual failure or dementia.6”
From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: progress and challenges (2017) · cites this paper as [6]
Citations
Cites
McDonald, W. I., Compston, A., Edan, G., Goodkin, D., Hartung, H., Lublin, F. D., McFarland, H. F., Paty, D. W., Polman, C. H., Reingold, S. C., et al. (2001) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.1032 · Cited by 6,969
Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the “McDonald Criteria”
Polman, C. H., Reingold, S. C., Edan, G., Filippi, M., Hartung, H., Kappos, L., Lublin, F. D., Metz, L. M., McFarland, H. F., O'Connor, P. W., et al. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20703 · Cited by 5,017
Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis
LUBLIN, F. D., & Reingold, S. C. (1996) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.46.4.907 · Cited by 3,762
Cortical demyelination and diffuse white matter injury in multiple sclerosis
Kutzelnigg, A., Lucchinetti, C. F., Stadelmann, C., Brück, W., Rauschka, H., Bergmann, M., Schmidbauer, M., Parisi, J. E., & Lassmann, H. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh641 · Cited by 1,836
Relapses and Progression of Disability in Multiple Sclerosis
Confavreux, C., Vukusic, S., Moreau, T., & Adeleine, P. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200011163432001 · Cited by 1,328
Development of a multiple sclerosis functional composite as a clinical trial outcome measure
Cutter, G. (1999) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/122.5.871 · Cited by 1,191
The natural history of multiple sclerosis:a geographically based study
Cottrell, D. A., Kremenchutzky, M., Rice, G. P., Koopman, W. J., Hader, W. J., Baskerville, J., & Ebers, G. C. (1999) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/122.4.625 · Cited by 1,169
The Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29): A new patient-based outcome measure
Hobart, J. (2001) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/124.5.962 · Cited by 1,144
Natural history of multiple sclerosis: a unifying concept
Confavreux, C., & Vukusic, S. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl007 · Cited by 901
Acute axonal injury in multiple sclerosis: Correlation with demyelination and inflammation
Bitsch, A. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.6.1174 · Cited by 898
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Kita, 2004, A phase II trial of mitoxantrone in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis, Neurology, 62, A99
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 814
Heterogeneity of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis
Kooi, E., Strijbis, E. M. M., van der Valk, P., & Geurts, J. J. G. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31826c1b1c · Cited by 58
Vrenken, H., Seewann, A., Knol, D. L., Polman, C. H., Barkhof, F., & Geurts, J. J. G. (2009) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a1839 · Cited by 54
Wolinsky, J. S., Montalbán, X., Hauser, S. L., Giovannoni, G., Vermersch, P., Bernasconi, C., Deol‐Bhullar, G., Garren, H., Chin, P., Belachew, S. M., et al. (2018) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.25313 · Cited by 54
Zajicek, J., Ingram, W. M., Vickery, J., Creanor, S., Wright, D., & Hobart, J. C. (2010) · BMC Neurology · doi:10.1186/1471-2377-10-88 · Cited by 58
Diagnosis, Differential Diagnosis, and Misdiagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
Solomon, A. J. (2019) · CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology · doi:10.1212/con.0000000000000728 · Cited by 57
Disease course heterogeneity and OCT in multiple sclerosis
Balk, L., Tewarie, P. K. B., Killestein, J., Polman, C. H., Uitdehaag, B. M. J., & Petzold, A. (2014) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458513518626 · Cited by 52
Sexual dimorphism of oligodendrocytes is mediated by differential regulation of signaling pathways
Swamydas, M., Bessert, D., & Skoff, R. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.21943 · Cited by 51
Sexual dysfunction levels in iranian women suffering from multiple sclerosis
Nayeri, N. D., Khakbazan, Z., Ghafoori, F., & Nabavi, S. M. (2017) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2017.01.005 · Cited by 51
Validating the portal population of the United Kingdom Multiple Sclerosis Register
Middleton, R., Rodgers, J., Chataway, J., Schmierer, K., Rog, D. J., Galea, I., Akbari, A., Tuite-Dalton, K., Lockhart-Jones, H. M., Griffiths, D., et al. (2018) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.05.015 · Cited by 51
Kołtuniuk, A., Pawlak, B., Krówczyńska, D., & Chojdak-Łukasiewicz, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1068421 · Cited by 49
Agliardi, C., Guerini, F. R., Zanzottera, M., Bolognesi, E., Picciolini, S., Caputo, D., Rovaris, M., Pasanisi, M. B., & Clerici, M. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24010894 · Cited by 49
MRI only conversion to multiple sclerosis following a clinically isolated syndrome
Chard, D. T., Dalton, C. M., Swanton, J., Fisniku, L. K., Miszkiel, K. A., Thompson, A. J., Plant, G. T., & Miller, D. H. (2011) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.2010.208660 · Cited by 47
Self-citationSchlaeger, R., D’Souza, M., Schindler, C., Grize, L., Kappos, L., & Fuhr, P. (2013) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458513490543 · Cited by 47
Targeting VIP and PACAP Receptor Signalling: New Therapeutic Strategies in Multiple Sclerosis
Tan, Y., & Waschek, J. A. (2011) · ASN NEURO · doi:10.1042/an20110024 · Cited by 47
A significant decrease in diagnosis of primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A cohort study
Westerlind, H., Stawiarz, L., Fink, K., Hillert, J. A., & Manouchehrinia, A. (2016) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458516643394 · Cited by 47
Treatment trials in progressive MS—current challenges and future directions
Koch, M. W., Cutter, G., Stys, P. K., Yong, V. W., & Metz, L. M. (2013) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2013.148 · Cited by 46
Ceccarelli, A., Rocca, M. A., Valsasina, P., Rodegher, M., Pagani, E., Falini, A., Comı, G., & Filippi, M. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20725 · Cited by 46
Charabati, M., Zandee, S., Fournier, A. P., Tastet, O., Thai, K., Zaminpeyma, R., Lécuyer, M., Bourbonnière, L., Larouche, S., Klément, W., et al. (2022) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awac389 · Cited by 48
Brouwer, E. D., Becker, T., Moreau, Y., Havrdová, E., Trojano, M., Eichau, S., Özakbaş, S., ONOFRJ, M. C., Grammond, P., Kühle, J., et al. (2021) · Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2021.106180 · Cited by 45
Introduction to Healthcare for Russian-speaking Interpreters and Translators
Crezee, I. H. M., Hautekiet, J., & Rura, L. (2021) · John Benjamins Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1075/z.239 · Cited by 44
Introduction to Healthcare for Arabic-speaking Interpreters and Translators
Crezee, I. H. M., Gailani, N., & Gailani, A. N. (2016) · John Benjamins Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1075/z.209 · Cited by 44
Hydroxychloroquine for Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Koch, M. W., Kaur, S., Sage, K., Kim, J., Levesque‐Roy, M., Cerchiaro, G., Yong, V. W., Cutter, G., & Metz, L. M. (2021) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26239 · Cited by 44
Immunological differences between classical phenothypes of multiple sclerosis
Iwanowski, P. S., & Losy, J. (2015) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2014.12.035 · Cited by 46
Sola, P., Mandrioli, J., Simone, A. M., Ferraro, D., Bedin, R., Annecca, R., Venneri, M. G., Nichelli, P., & Merelli, E. (2010) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458510386996 · Cited by 43
CSF profile in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: Re-exploring the basics
Abdelhak, A., Hottenrott, T., Mayer, C., Hintereder, G., Zettl, U. K., Stich, O., & Tumani, H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182647 · Cited by 44
The Role of MicroRNAs in Repair Processes in Multiple Sclerosis
Duffy, C. P., & McCoy, C. E. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9071711 · Cited by 42
Thalamic Iron Differentiates Primary-Progressive and Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Burgetová, A., Dušek, P., Vaněčková, M., Horakova, D., Langkammer, C., Krásenský, J., Sobíšek, L., Matras, P., Mašek, M., & Seidl, Z. (2017) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a5166 · Cited by 43
Giovannoni, G., Knappertz, V. A., Steinerman, J. R., Tansy, A. P., Li, T. M., Krieger, S. C., Uccelli, A., Uitdehaag, B. M. J., Montalbán, X., Hartung, H., et al. (2020) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000010284 · Cited by 42
Ruggieri, S., Petracca, M., Miller, A., Krieger, S. C., Ghassemi, R., Bencosme, Y., Riley, C., Howard, J., LUBLIN, F. D., & Inglese, M. (2015) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2015.1897 · Cited by 41
D’Amico, E., Patti, F., Zanghì, A., & Zappia, M. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17101725 · Cited by 41
Multiple Sclerosis: Autoimmune Disease or Autoimmune Reaction?
Stys, P. K. (2010) · Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques · doi:10.1017/s0317167100022393 · Cited by 42
Endocannabinoids in Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Pryce, G., & Baker, D. (2015) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20825-1_7 · Cited by 40
Monoclonal Antibodies and Recombinant Immunoglobulins for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Gensicke, H., Leppert, D., Yaldizli, Ö., Lindberg, R. L. P., Mehling, M., Kappos, L., & Kühle, J. (2011) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/11596920-000000000-00000 · Cited by 42
Smith, B. C., Sinyuk, M., Jenkins, J. E., Psenicka, M. W., & Williams, J. L. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01861-x · Cited by 41
Ceccarelli, A., Rocca, M. A., Valsasina, P., Rodegher, M., Falini, A., Comi, G., & Filippi, M. (2010) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07147.x · Cited by 40
D'hooghe, M. B., D’Hooghe, T., & Keyser, J. D. (2013) · Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation · doi:10.1159/000346319 · Cited by 40
Multiple Sclerosis and the Blood-Central Nervous System Barrier
Palmer, A. M. (2013) · Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.1155/2013/530356 · Cited by 40
Rocca, M. A., Riccitelli, G. C., Rodegher, M., Ceccarelli, A., Falini, A., Falautano, M., Meani, A., Comi, G., & Filippi, M. (2010) · American Journal of Neuroradiology · doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2071 · Cited by 38
Salamonsen, A., Launsø, L., Kruse, T. E., & Eriksen, S. H. (2010) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.3402/qhw.v5i2.5032 · Cited by 38
White and gray matter damage in primary progressive MS
Bodini, B., Chard, D., Altmann, D. R., Tozer, D. J., Miller, D. H., Thompson, A. J., Wheeler‐Kingshott, C. A. M. G., & Ciccarelli, O. (2015) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000002237 · Cited by 38
Self-citationSecondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Definition and Measurement
Plantone, D., Angelis, F. D., Doshi, A., & Chataway, J. (2016) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-016-0340-9 · Cited by 39
Correlation of Diffusion and Metabolic Alterations in Different Clinical Forms of Multiple Sclerosis
Hannoun, S., Bagory, M., Durand‐Dubief, F., Ibarrola, D., Comte, J., Confavreux, C., Cotton, F., & Sappey‐Marinier, D. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032525 · Cited by 43
Relapsing and progressive MS: the sex-specific perspective
Rommer, P. S., Ellenberger, D., Hellwig, K., Haas, J., Pöhlau, D., Stahmann, A., Zettl, U. K., & on behalf of the Scientific Advisory Group of the German MS-Register by the German MS Society (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders · doi:10.1177/1756286420956495 · Cited by 37
Immunoregulatory Effects of Tolerogenic Probiotics in Multiple Sclerosis
Atabati, H., Yazdanpanah, E., Mortazavi, H., Bajestani, S. G., Raoofi, A., Esmaeili, S., Khaledi, A., Saburi, E., Afshari, J. T., Sathyapalan, T., et al. (2021) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-55035-6_6 · Cited by 38
CSF Levels of CXCL12 and Osteopontin as Early Markers of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Marastoni, D., Magliozzi, R., Bolzan, A., Pisani, A. I., Rossi, S., Crescenzo, F., Montemezzi, S., Pizzini, F. B., & Calabrese, M. (2021) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000001083 · Cited by 39
Chaves, A. R. D. A., Snow, N. J., Alcock, L. R., & Ploughman, M. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11030384 · Cited by 45
Huntemann, N., Rolfes, L., Pawlitzki, M., Ruck, T., Pfeuffer, S., Wiendl, H., & Meuth, S. G. (2021) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-021-01526-w · Cited by 37
Towards immunotherapeutic drugs and vaccines against multiple sclerosis
Κατσάρα, Μ., Matsoukas, J., Deraos, G., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2008) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.1111/j.1745-7270.2008.00444.x · Cited by 36
The monoclonal antibody GNbAC1: targeting human endogenous retroviruses in multiple sclerosis
Diebold, M., & Derfuss, T. J. (2019) · Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders · doi:10.1177/1756286419833574 · Cited by 35
Oudejans, E., Luchicchi, A., Strijbis, E. M. M., Geurts, J. J. G., & van Dam, A. (2020) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000000914 · Cited by 38
Long‐term epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the N orthern S eville D istrict
Izquierdo, G., Venegas, A., Sanabria, C., & Navarro, G. (2015) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/ane.12363 · Cited by 35
Self-reported levels of education and disability progression in multiple sclerosis
D'hooghe, M. B., Haentjens, P., Van Remoortel, A., De Keyser, J., & Nagels, G. (2016) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/ane.12555 · Cited by 35
Ye, F., Wang, T., Wu, X., Liang, J., Li, J., & Sheng, W. (2021) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-021-02981-5 · Cited by 36
Miclea, A., Salmen, A., Zoehner, G., Diem, L., Kamm, C. P., Chaloulos‐Iakovidis, P., Miclea, M., Briner, M., Kilidireas, K., Stefanis, L., et al. (2019) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.13083 · Cited by 33
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Characteristics and Management
Hawker, K. (2011) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2011.01.002 · Cited by 35
Invariant natural killer T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells in multiple sclerosis
Bianchini, E., Biasi, S. D., Simone, A. M., Ferraro, D., Sola, P., Cossarizza, A., & Pinti, M. (2017) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2017.01.009 · Cited by 33
Petracca, M., Saiote, C., Bender, H. A., Arias, F., Farrell, C. C., Magioncalda, P., Martino, M., Miller, A., Northoff, G., LUBLIN, F. D., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep46411 · Cited by 33
Synthesis of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: A brief overview
Mulakayala, N., Rao, P., Javed Iqbal, M., Bandichhor, R., & Oruganti, S. (2012) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.10.055 · Cited by 33
Opposite Roles of NMDA Receptors in Relapsing and Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Rossi, S., Studer, V., Moscatelli, A., Motta, C., Coghe, G., Fenu, G., Caillier, S. J., Buttari, F., Mori, F., Barbieri, F. R., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067357 · Cited by 32
Ocrelizumab: a B-cell depleting therapy for multiple sclerosis
Jakimovski, D., Weinstock‐Guttman, B., Ramanathan, M. K., Kolb, C., Hojnacki, D. W., Minagar, A., & Zivadinov, R. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy · doi:10.1080/14712598.2017.1347632 · Cited by 31
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Siger, M. (2022) · Clinical Neuroradiology · doi:10.1007/s00062-022-01144-3 · Cited by 32
Grey matter damage and overall cognitive impairment in primary progressive multiple sclerosis
Tur, C., Penny, S., Khaleeli, Z., Altmann, D. R., Lisa Cipolotti, A., Ron, M. A., Thompson, A. J., & Ciccarelli, O. (2011) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458511410341 · Cited by 31
Lapshin, H., Lanctôt, K. L., O’Connor, P., & Feinstein, A. (2013) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458513488841 · Cited by 30
Nytrová, P., & Doležal, O. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.933415 · Cited by 31
The role of advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques in primary progressive MS
Rocca, M. A., Absinta, M., & Filippi, M. (2011) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6195-6 · Cited by 30
Immunomodulatory treatment strategies in multiple sclerosis
Kieseier, B. C., Wiendl, H., Leussink, V. I., & Stüve, O. (2008) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-008-6004-z · Cited by 30
Proteomic pattern analysis discriminates among multiple sclerosis–related disorders
Komori, M., Matsuyama, Y., Nirasawa, T., Thiele, H., Becker, M. S., Alexandrov, T., Saida, T., Tanaka, M., Matsuo, H., Tomimoto, H., et al. (2011) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.22633 · Cited by 30
Niccolini, F., Su, P., & Politis, M. (2015) · Clinical Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.1097/rlu.0000000000000359 · Cited by 23
Hughes, J., Jokubaitis, V., Lugaresi, A., Hupperts, R., Izquierdo, G., Prat, A., Girard, M., Duquette, P., Grand’Maison, F., Grammond, P., et al. (2018) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.2109 · Cited by 29
Eriksson, J., Kobelt, G., Gannedahl, M., & Berg, J. (2018) · Value in Health · doi:10.1016/j.jval.2018.08.002 · Cited by 30
Smith, B. C., Tinkey, R. A., Brock, O. D., Mariam, A., Habean, M. L., Dutta, R., & Williams, J. L. (2023) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02917-4 · Cited by 27
Schaeffer, J., Cossetti, C., Mallucci, G., & Pluchino, S. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-398270-4.00030-6 · Cited by 28
Hansen, B. D., Oturai, A. B., Harbo, H. F., Celius, E. G., Nissen, K. K., Laska, M. J., Søndergaard, H. B., Petersen, T., & Nexø, B. A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0026438 · Cited by 28
Balk, L. J., & Petzold, A. (2014) · Neurodegenerative Disease Management · doi:10.2217/nmt.14.10 · Cited by 28
Contribution of the Degeneration of the Neuro-Axonal Unit to the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
Salapa, H. E., Lee, S.-M., Shin, Y., & Levin, M. (2017) · Brain Science · doi:10.3390/brainsci7060069 · Cited by 22
Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., Auguste, P., Armoiry, X., Maheswaran, H., Court, R. A., Madan, J. J., Kan, A., Lin, S., Counsell, C. E., Patterson, J. V., et al. (2017) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta21520 · Cited by 27
Thompson, K. K., Nissen, J. C., Pretory, A., & Tsirka, S. E. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02784 · Cited by 26
Immunopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Pérez, C. A., Cuascut, F. X., & Hutton, G. J. (2022) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2022.05.004 · Cited by 33
Primary progressive multiple sclerosis: current therapeutic strategies and future perspectives
Gajofatto, A., Turatti, M., & Benedetti, M. D. (2016) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2017.1257385 · Cited by 27
Contribution of Metabolomics to Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment
Rispoli, M. G., Valentinuzzi, S., Luca, G. D., Boccio, P. D., Federici, L., di Ioia, M., Digiovanni, A., Grasso, E. A., Pozzilli, V., Villani, A., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222011112 · Cited by 26
Abdelhak, A., Junker, A., Brettschneider, J., Kassubek, J., Ludolph, A., Otto, M., & Tumani, H. (2015) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms160817565 · Cited by 27
Increased cerebrospinal fluid chitotriosidase index in patients with multiple sclerosis
Verbeek, M. M., Notting, E. A., Faas, B., Claessens-Linskens, R., & Jongen, P. J. H. (2010) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01242.x · Cited by 26
Neuro-Immune Crosstalk in CNS Diseases
Kerschensteiner, M., Meinl, E., & Hohlfeld, R. (2009) · Results and problems in cell differentiation · doi:10.1007/400_2009_6 · Cited by 26
SPG2 mimicking multiple sclerosis in a family identified using next generation sequencing
Rubegni, A., Battisti, C., Tessa, A., Cerase, A., Doccini, S., Malandrini, A., Santorelli, F. M., & Federico, A. (2017) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2017.01.069 · Cited by 26
Kakhki, M. P., Giordano, A., Cucuzza, C. S., Badam, T. V. S., Samudyata, S., Lemée, M. V., Stridh, P., Gkogka, A., Shchetynsky, K., Harroud, A., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-50794-z · Cited by 25
The effects of aging and disease duration on cognition in multiple sclerosis
Tremblay, A., Charest, K., Brando, E., Roger, É., Duquette, P., & Rouleau, I. (2020) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105650 · Cited by 25
Altered Plasma Metabolic Profiles in Chinese Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Yang, F., Wu, S., Ling, Z., Shan, C., Zhang, L., Yan, X., He, L., Yu, L., & Zhao, N. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.792711 · Cited by 25
Brain and spinal cord MRI lesions in primary progressive vs. relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Dastagir, A., Healy, B. C., Chua, A. S., Chitnis, T., Weiner, H. L., Bakshi, R., & Tauhid, S. (2018) · eNeurologicalSci · doi:10.1016/j.ensci.2018.07.002 · Cited by 24
Zhang, Y., Taylor, B. V., Simpson, S., Blizzard, L., & van der Mei, I. A. F. (2018) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.13786 · Cited by 24
The Role of B Cells in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Holloman, J. P., Axtell, R. C., Monson, N. L., & Wu, G. F. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.680581 · Cited by 28
Intrathecal CD8 + CD20 + T Cells in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
von Essen, M. R., Talbot, J., Hansen, R. H., Chow, H. H., Lundell, H., Siebner, H. R., & Sellebjerg, F. T. (2023) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000200140 · Cited by 23
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Willis, M. A., & Fox, R. J. (2016) · CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology · doi:10.1212/con.0000000000000323 · Cited by 23
Determining Multiple Sclerosis Phenotype from Electronic Medical Records
Nelson, R. E., Butler, J. M., LaFleur, J., Knippenberg, K., Kamauu, A. W. C., & DuVall, S. L. (2016) · Journal of Managed Care & Specialty Pharmacy · doi:10.18553/jmcp.2016.22.12.1377 · Cited by 23
Butzkueven, H., Spelman, T. D., Horáková, D., Hughes, S., Solaro, C. M., Izquierdo, G., Havrdová, E., Grand’Maison, F., Prat, A., Girard, M., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.14824 · Cited by 23
Sumelahti, M., Holmberg, M., Murtonen, A., Huhtala, H., & Elovaara, I. (2014) · Multiple Sclerosis International · doi:10.1155/2014/186950 · Cited by 23
Koch, M. W., Ilnytskyy, Y., Golubov, A., Metz, L. M., Yong, V. W., & Kovalchuk, O. (2018) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.13565 · Cited by 22
Cristofanilli, M., Rosenthal, H., Cymring, B., Gratch, D., Pagano, B., Xie, B., & Sadiq, S. A. (2014) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.07.020 · Cited by 22
Cristofanilli, M., Cymring, B., Lu, A. Z., Rosenthal, H. E., & Sadiq, S. A. (2013) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.022 · Cited by 22
Levin, A. B., Hadgkiss, E. J., Weiland, T. J., Marck, C. H., van der Meer, D. M., Pereira, N. G., & Jelinek, G. A. (2014) · Behavioural Neurology · doi:10.1155/2014/916519 · Cited by 23
PANITCH, H. S., & Applebee, A. (2011) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.586338 · Cited by 22
Metadata
- Authors
- Miller, D. H., & Leary, S. M.
- Affiliations
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
- University College Hospital (GB)
- ORCID
- Leary, Siobhan M
- Venue
- The Lancet Neurology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-10
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 903-912
- ISSN
- 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1990040006
- Cited by
- 818
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 74 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 161 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 2.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Keywords
- primary progressive multiple sclerosis, axonal loss, neuroaxonal degeneration, microglial activation, cortical demyelination, spinal cord atrophy, quantitative MRI, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, interferon-beta, glatiramer acetate, neuroprotection, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
