Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the “McDonald Criteria”
Open accessAbstract
New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis integrating magnetic resonance image assessment with clinical and other paraclinical methods were introduced in 2001. The “McDonald Criteria” have been extensively assessed and used since 2001. New evidence and consensus now strengthen the role of these criteria in the multiple sclerosis diagnostic workup to demonstrate dissemination of lesions in time, to clarify the use of spinal cord lesions, and to simplify diagnosis of primary progressive disease. The 2005 Revisions to the McDonald Diagnostic Criteria for MS should simplify and speed diagnosis, whereas maintaining adequate sensitivity and specificity. Ann Neurol 2005
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The 2001 and 2005 McDonald Criteria required three or more periventricular lesions as one of the anatomic locations that could fulfill MRI criteria for DIS.
“The 2001 and 2005 McDonald Criteria required three or more periventricular lesions as one of the anatomic locations that could fulfill MRI criteria for DIS. 3,4”
From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria (2018) · cites this paper as [4]
Subsequent criteria incorporated imaging and other paraclinical markers in response to technological advances and new data.
“Subsequent criteria incorporated imaging and other paraclinical markers in response to technological advances and new data. 2-5”
From Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria (2018) · cites this paper as [4]
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- Authors
- Polman, C. H., Reingold, S. C., Edan, G., Filippi, M., Hartung, H., Kappos, L., Lublin, F. D., Metz, L. M., McFarland, H. F., O'Connor, P. W., Sandberg‐Wollheim, M., Thompson, A. J., Weinshenker, B. G., & Wolinsky, J. S.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society (US)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes (FR)
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele (IT)
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
- University Hospital of Basel (CH)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Foothills Medical Centre (CA)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (US)
- St. Michael's Hospital (CA)
- Skåne University Hospital (SE)
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- Corresponding author
- Polman, Chris H.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annals of Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-11-10
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 840-846
- ISSN
- 0364-5134 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-8249
- OpenAlex
- W2916040650
- Cited by
- 5,017
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 58 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 93 · 2023: 87 · 2022: 115 · 2021: 180 · 2020: 185 · 2019: 199 · 2018: 201 · 2017: 264 · 2016: 307 · 2015: 333 · 2014: 394 · 2013: 471 · 2012: 457
- FWCI
- 20.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annals of Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Polyomavirus and related diseases
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, diagnostic criteria, McDonald criteria, magnetic resonance imaging, spinal cord lesions, primary progressive multiple sclerosis, sensitivity and specificity
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multiple Sclerosis, Neurology, Practice Guidelines as Topic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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