Bad Popcorn in Big Buckets: Portion Size Can Influence Intake as Much as Taste
Open accessAbstract
Objective It is often believed that people overeat the foods they like. We investigated whether environmental cues such as packaging and container size are so powerful that they can increase our intake of foods that are less palatable.Design, setting, and participants In a 2 x 2 between-subjects design, 158 moviegoers in Philadelphia (57.6% male; 28.7 years) were randomly given a medium (120 g) or a large (240 g) container of free popcorn that was either fresh or stale (14 days old). Following the movie, consumption measures were taken, along with measures of perceived taste.Outcome measures and results Moviegoers who were given fresh popcorn ate 45.3% more popcorn when it was given to them in large containers. This container-size influence is so powerful that even when the popcorn was disliked, people still ate 33.6% more popcorn when eating from a large container than from a medium-size container.Conclusions and implications Even when foods are not palatable, large packages and containers can lead to overeating. The silver lining of these findings may be that portion size can also be used to increase the consumption of less preferred healthful foods, such as raw vegetables.
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There are many human studies showing acute effects of manipulating palatability, variability, and availability of food, although few controlled studies show long-term effects on energy balance.
“There are also plenty of human studies showing acute effects of manipulating palatability, variability, and availability of food ([191](#B191), [192](#B192)), although few controlled studies show long-term effects on energy balance ([120](#B120), [134](#B134)).”
From Food reward, hyperphagia, and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [191]
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What is overconsumption? – A step towards a common understanding
Håkansson, A. (2014) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/ijcs.12142 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
The Effects of Single-Serve Packaging on Consumption Closure and Judgments of Product Efficacy
Ilyuk, V., & Block, L. (2015) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1093/jcr/ucv059 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wansink, B., & Kim, J.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- University of Central Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wansink, Brian
- Venue
- Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-09
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 242-245
- ISSN
- 1499-4046 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2105214281
- Cited by
- 322
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 8.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research (submittedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- The Royal Society of Chemistry’s Journals, Books and Databases (The Royal Society of Chemistry) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Pennsylvania
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Packaging Perceptions and Trends
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Keywords
- portion size, container size, overeating, food packaging, environmental cues, dietary intake, taste perception, palatability, snacking, popcorn, moviegoers
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Energy Intake, Eating, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Taste, Food Packaging
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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