The association between antidepressant treatment and brain connectivity in two double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials: a treatment mechanism study
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Background Antidepressant medications offer an effective treatment for depression, yet nearly 50% of patients either do not respond or have side-effects rendering them unable to continue the course of treatment. Mechanistic studies might help advance the pharmacology of depression by identifying pathways through which treatments exert their effects. Toward this goal, we aimed to identify the effects of antidepressant treatment on neural connectivity, the relationship with symptom improvement, and to test whether these effects were reproducible across two studies.Methods We completed two double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of SNRI antidepressant medications with MRI scans obtained before and after treatment. One was a 10-week trial of duloxetine (30-120 mg daily; mean 92·1 mg/day [SD 30·00]) and the other was a 12-week trial of desvenlafaxine (50-100 mg daily; 93·6 mg/day [16·47]). Participants consisted of adults with persistent depressive disorder. Adjusting for sex and age, we examined the effect of treatment on whole-brain functional connectivity. We also examined correlations between change in functional connectivity and improvement in symptoms of depression (24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and pain symptom severity (Symptom Checklist-90-Revised).Findings Participants were enrolled between Jan 26, 2006, and Nov 22, 2011, for the duloxetine RCT and Aug 5, 2012, and Jan 28, 2016, for the desvenlafaxine RCT. Before and after treatment MRI scans were collected in 32 participants for the duloxetine RCT and 34 participants for the desvenlafaxine RCT. In both studies, antidepressants decreased functional connectivity compared with placebo (duloxetine study: β=-0·06; 95% CI -0·08 to -0·03; p<0·0001, η p2=0·44; desvenlafaxine study: -0·06, -0·09 to -0·03; p<0·0001, η p2=0·35) within a thalamo-cortico-periaqueductal network that has previously been associated with the experience of pain. Within the active drug groups, reductions in functional connectivity within this network correlated with improvements in depressive symptom severity in both studies (duloxetine study: r=0·38, 95% CI 0·01-0·65; p=0·0426; desvenlafaxine study: 0·44, 0·10-0·69; p=0·0138) and pain symptoms in the desvenlafaxine study (0·39, 0·04 to 0·65; p=0·0299).Interpretation The findings suggest the thalamo-cortico-periaqueductal network associated with the experience of pain is a new and potentially important target for novel antidepressant therapeutics.Funding National Mental Health Institute, Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, and the Edwin S Webster Foundation.
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In a randomized controlled trial, MRI after treatment with duloxetine and desvenlafaxine showed that the thalamo-cortico-periaqueductal network, associated with the experience of pain, may be an important target of action of antidepressant drugs.
“In a randomized controlled trial, MRI scan were taken after treatment with duloxetine and desvenlafaxine, and the results showed that the thalamo-cortico-periaqueductal network, which is associated with the experience of pain, may be an important target of action of antidepressant drugs. 374”
From Major depressive disorder: hypothesis, mechanism, prevention and treatment (2024) · cites this paper as [374]
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- Authors
- Wang, Y., Bernanke, J., Peterson, B. S., McGrath, P., Stewart, J., Chen, Y., Lee, S., Wall, M., Bastidas, V., Hong, S., Rutherford, B. R., Hellerstein, D. J., & Posner, J.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles (US)
- Corresponding author
- Posner, Jonathan
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Lancet Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-08
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 667-674
- ISSN
- 2215-0366 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6937159
- OpenAlex
- W2950299951
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 4.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Lancet Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Mental Health Institute grants (R01-MH101172, R01-MH036197)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- antidepressant treatment, depression, functional connectivity, duloxetine, desvenlafaxine, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, dysthymia, pain, therapeutic mechanisms, placebo response, symptom improvement, treatment response variability, treatment side effects
- MeSH terms
- Duloxetine Hydrochloride, Desvenlafaxine Succinate, Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Brain, Depressive Disorder, Double-Blind Method, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Treatment Outcome, Connectome
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