Vitamin D supplementation reduces insulin resistance in South Asian women living in New Zealand who are insulin resistant and vitamin D deficient – a randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been shown to correlate with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Small, observational studies suggest an action for vitamin D in improving insulin sensitivity and/or insulin secretion. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of improved vitamin D status on insulin resistance (IR), utilising randomised, controlled, double-blind intervention administering 100 μg (4000 IU) vitamin D 3(n 42) or placebo (n 39) daily for 6 months to South Asian women, aged 23–68 years, living in Auckland, New Zealand. Subjects were insulin resistant – homeostasis model assessment 1 (HOMA1)>1·93 and had serum 25(OH)D concentration < 50 nmol/l. Exclusion criteria included diabetes medication and vitamin D supplementation >25 μg (1000 IU)/d. The HOMA2 computer model was used to calculate outcomes. Median (25th, 75th percentiles) serum 25(OH)D 3 increased significantly from 21 (11, 40) to 75 (55, 84) nmol/l with supplementation. Significant improvements were seen in insulin sensitivity and IR (P = 0·003 and 0·02, respectively), and fasting insulin decreased (P = 0·02) with supplementation compared with placebo. There was no change in C-peptide with supplementation. IR was most improved when endpoint serum 25(OH)D reached ≥ 80 nmol/l. Secondary outcome variables (lipid profile and high sensitivity C-reactive protein) were not affected by supplementation. In conclusion, improving vitamin D status in insulin resistant women resulted in improved IR and sensitivity, but no change in insulin secretion. Optimal vitamin D concentrations for reducing IR were shown to be 80–119 nmol/l, providing further evidence for an increase in the recommended adequate levels. Registered Trial No. ACTRN12607000642482.
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A positive vitamin D effect on insulin sensitivity has been demonstrated in insulin-resistant, vitamin D-deficient women.
“A positive vitamin D effect has been demonstrated in insulin-resistant, vitamin D-deficient women [28].”
From Effects of vitamin D supplementation on androgens in men with low testosterone levels: a randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [28]
Evidence from previous RCTs revealed conflicting results on vitamin D and insulin sensitivity.
“Evidence from previous RCTs revealed, however, conflicting results [27, 28].”
From Effects of vitamin D supplementation on androgens in men with low testosterone levels: a randomized controlled trial (2019) · cites this paper as [28]
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RetractedVitamin D, Muscle Recovery, Sarcopenia, Cachexia, and Muscle Atrophy
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- Authors
- von Hurst, P. R., Stonehouse, W., & Coad, J.
- Affiliations
- Massey University (NZ)
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2009-09-28
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 549-555
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W1981084145
- Cited by
- 624
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 68 · 2012: 68
- FWCI
- 35.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Massey University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
- Keywords
- vitamin D supplementation, vitamin D deficiency, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, type 2 diabetes risk, South Asian women, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, HOMA-IR, fasting insulin, C-peptide, lipid profile, C-reactive protein
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Adult, Asia, C-Reactive Protein, Cholecalciferol, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Middle Aged, New Zealand, Nutritional Status, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Vitamins, Dietary Supplements, Asian People
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