The DOI matches its Crossref record; 67 of the 67 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gaming Democracy: Elite Dominance during Transition and the Prospects for Redistribution
Abstract
Inequality and democracy are far more compatible empirically than social conflict theory predicts. This article speaks to this puzzle, identifying the scope conditions under which democratization induces greater redistribution. Because autocrats sometimes have incentives to expropriate economic elites, who lack reliable institutions to protect their rights, elites may prefer democracy to autocratic rule if they can impose roadblocks to redistribution under democracy ex ante. Using global panel data (1972–2008), this study finds that there is a relationship between democracy and redistribution only if elites are politically weak during a transition; for example, when there is revolutionary pressure. Redistribution is also greater if a democratic regime can avoid adopting and operating under a constitution written by outgoing elites and instead create a new constitution that redefines the political game. This finding holds across three different measures of redistribution and instrumental variables estimation. This article also documents the ways in which elites ‘bias’ democratic institutions.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Autocrats may be well positioned to capture state resources at the time of democratic transition, which they can then use in a clientelistic fashion to stay in power (Brun and Diamond 2014; Haggard and Kaufmann 2016; Albertus and Menaldo 2014).”
From Accountability by Numbers: A New Global Transitional Justice Dataset (1946–2016) (2020) · cites this paper as Albertus and Menaldo 2014
Citations
Cites
Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition.
Ericson, J., & Dahl, R. A. (1972) · American Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2711442 · Cited by 7,179
A Rational Theory of the Size of Government
Meltzer, A. H., & Richard, S. F. (1981) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/261013 · Cited by 5,485
North, D. C., & Weingast, B. R. (1989) · The Journal of Economic History · doi:10.1017/s0022050700009451 · Cited by 5,300
Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy
Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2005) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511510809 · Cited by 4,810
Dictatorship, Democracy, and Development
Olson, M. (1993) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/2938736 · Cited by 3,789
New Tools in Comparative Political Economy: The Database of Political Institutions
Beck, T. (2001) · The World Bank Economic Review · doi:10.1093/wber/15.1.165 · Cited by 2,782
Democracy and dictatorship revisited
Cheibub, J. A., Gandhi, J., & Vreeland, J. R. (2009) · Public Choice · doi:10.1007/s11127-009-9491-2 · Cited by 2,478
Boix, C. (2003) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511804960 · Cited by 2,211
Growth, income distribution, and democracy: What the data say
Perotti, R. (1996) · Journal of Economic Growth · doi:10.1007/bf00138861 · Cited by 2,067
Korpi, W. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429434433-383 · Cited by 2,053
Capitalist Development and Democracy
Sanderson, S. K. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315063362-34 · Cited by 1,594
A Theory of Political Transitions
Acemoğlu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2001) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.91.4.938 · Cited by 1,567
Boix, C. (2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-3041 · Cited by 1,344
Persistence of power, Elites, and institutions
Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. A. (2008) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.98.1.267 · Cited by 1,268
The Transition from Capitalism to Socialism
Stephens, J. D. (1979) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-16171-3 · Cited by 1,184
Cross-national time-series data archive
Banks, A. S. (2006) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.187502 · Cited by 1,177
Do natural resources fuel authoritarianism? A reappraisal of the resource curse
HABER, S., & MENALDO, V. (2011) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055410000584 · Cited by 1,128
Self-citationIntroducing Archigos: A Dataset of Political Leaders
Goemans, H. E., Gleditsch, K. S., & Chiozza, G. (2009) · Journal of Peace Research · doi:10.1177/0022343308100719 · Cited by 1,121
Inequality does cause underdevelopment: Insights from a new instrument
Easterly, W. R. (2006) · Journal of Development Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.11.002 · Cited by 941
Korpi, W. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429441714-2 · Cited by 940
Transitions from Authoritarian Rule
O'Donnell, G. A. (1986) · Johns Hopkins University Press eBooks · doi:10.1353/book.72599 · Cited by 902
Clientelism, Credibility, and the Policy Choices of Young Democracies
Keefer, P. E. (2007) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00282.x · Cited by 887
Diffusion and the International Context of Democratization
Gleditsch, K. S., & Ward, M. D. (2006) · International Organization · doi:10.1017/s0020818306060309 · Cited by 834
Is Democracy Good for the Poor?
Ross, M. L. (2006) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00220.x · Cited by 788
Lizzeri, A., & Persico, N. (2004) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/0033553041382175 · Cited by 759
Rae, D. M., & Rokkan, S. (1971) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/3006078 · Cited by 632
Development, Democracy, and Welfare States
Haggard, S. M., & Kaufman, R. R. (2009) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780691214153 · Cited by 611
Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy
Spolaore, E. (2007) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02031_3.x · Cited by 583
Winters, J. A. (2011) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511793806 · Cited by 515
Conquered or Granted? A History of Suffrage Extensions
Przeworski, A. (2008) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123408000434 · Cited by 425
Avelino, G., Brown, D. S., & Hunter, W. (2005) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2005.00146.x · Cited by 395
Eichengreen, B. J., & Leblang, D. A. (2008) · Economics and Politics · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0343.2007.00329.x · Cited by 384
EMERGENCE AND PERSISTENCE OF INEFFICIENT STATES
Acemoğlu, D., Ticchi, D., & Vindigni, A. (2006) · Journal of the European Economic Association · doi:10.1111/j.1542-4774.2010.01008.x · Cited by 334
Economic Interests and the Origins of Electoral Systems
Cusack, T. R., Iversen, T., & Soskice, D. (2007) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055407070384 · Cited by 330
The Evolution of Suffrage Institutions in the New World
Engerman, S. L., & Sokoloff, K. L. (2001) · The Journal of Economic History · doi:10.1017/s0022050705000343 · Cited by 327
The Fiscal Contract: States, Taxes, and Public Services
Timmons, J. F. (2005) · World Politics · doi:10.1353/wp.2006.0015 · Cited by 310
Land and Power: Theory and Evidence from Chile
Baland, J.-M., & Robinson, J. A. (2008) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.98.5.1737 · Cited by 307
Politics and Social Spending in Latin America
Huber, É., Mustillo, T. M., & Stephens, J. D. (2008) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1017/s0022381608080407 · Cited by 302
Inequality and Regime Change: Democratic Transitions and the Stability of Democratic Rule
HAGGARD, S., & KAUFMAN, R. R. (2012) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055412000287 · Cited by 300
Democracy, War, and Wealth: Lessons from Two Centuries of Inheritance Taxation
Scheve, K. F., & Stasavage, D. (2012) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055411000517 · Cited by 268
Capitalist development and democracy
Porket, J. L. (1993) · International Affairs · doi:10.2307/2621135 · Cited by 268
Inequality and Democratization: A Contractarian Approach
Ansell, B. W., & Samuels, D. (2010) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0010414010376915 · Cited by 265
ZIBLATT, D. (2009) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055409090042 · Cited by 255
The Economic Origins of Democracy Reconsidered
Freeman, J. R., & Quinn, D. P. (2012) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055411000505 · Cited by 175
Ziblatt, D. F. (2006) · World Politics · doi:10.1353/wp.2006.0028 · Cited by 150
Dictators as Founding Fathers? The Role of Constitutions Under Autocracy
Albertus, M., & Menaldo, V. (2012) · Economics and Politics · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0343.2012.00402.x · Cited by 128
Self-citationIf You’re Against Them You’re With Us
Albertus, M., & Menaldo, V. (2012) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0010414011428593 · Cited by 123
Self-citationDevelopment, Democracy, and Welfare States
Haggard, S. M., & Kaufman, R. R. (2020) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv10crf4b · Cited by 117
The sources of democratic consolidation
Alexander, G. (2002) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.40-1168 · Cited by 95
Negretto, G. L. (2006) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2508.2006.00417.x · Cited by 78
Tax Incidence Analysis of Developing Countries: An Alternative View
Shah, A., & Whalley, J. (1991) · The World Bank Economic Review · doi:10.1093/wber/5.3.535 · Cited by 74
Rent Preservation and the Persistence of Underdevelopment
Rajan, R. G. (2009) · American Economic Journal Macroeconomics · doi:10.1257/mac.1.1.178 · Cited by 74
Fairness, self-interest, and the politics of the progressive income tax
Snyder, J. M., & Kramer, G. H. (1988) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/0047-2727(88)90030-8 · Cited by 68
The Sources of Democratic Consolidation
Alexander, G. (2002) · Cornell University Press eBooks · doi:10.7591/9781501720482 · Cited by 68
Yafeh, Y., & Sussman, N. (2003) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.347640 · Cited by 67
Electoral Markets, Party Strategies, and Proportional Representation
Boix, C. (2010) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055410000146 · Cited by 60
Inequality and DemocratizationPreprint
Ansell, B. W., & Samuels, D. (2008) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1144087 · Cited by 57
Inequality Does Cause UnderdevelopmentPreprint
Easterly, W. R. (2006) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.876615 · Cited by 56
Emergence and Persistence of Inefficient States
Acemoğlu, D., Ticchi, D., & Vindigni, A. (2006) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w12748 · Cited by 56
Stepan, A. (1971) · Cited by 46
Military rule and transition in Ecuador, 1972-92
Isaacs, A. (1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.31-2905 · Cited by 40
Malapportionment and Income Inequality: A Cross-National Analysis
Horiuchi, Y. (2004) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123403240394 · Cited by 30
Military Rule and Transition in Ecuador, 1972–92
Isaacs, A. (1993) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-08922-2 · Cited by 24
Individual Rights and Social Movements: A Comparative and Statistical Inquiry
Foweraker, J., & Landman, T. (1999) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123499000137 · Cited by 22
The Encyclopedia of political revolutions
(1999) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-0689 · Cited by 13
The Encyclopedia of Political Revolutions
Harrison, D. (1999) · Reference Reviews · doi:10.1108/rr.1999.13.4.17.192 · Cited by 12
The Evolution of Suffrage Institutions
Engerman, S. L., & Sokoloff, K. L. (2011) · NBER Chapters · Cited by 1
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Lindert, 2004, Growing Public
- Wood, 2000, Forging Democracy from Below
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Democracy, Redistribution, and Inequality
Acemoğlu, D., Naidu, S., Restrepo, P., & Robinson, J. A. (2014) · Handbook of income distribution · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59429-7.00022-4 · Cited by 393
Quota Shocks: Electoral Gender Quotas and Government Spending Priorities Worldwide
Clayton, A., & Zetterberg, P. (2018) · Journal of Politics · doi:10.1086/697251 · Cited by 237
Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy
Ziblatt, D. F. (2017) · Cited by 223
The Non-Democratic Roots of Mass Education: Evidence from 200 Years
PAGLAYAN, A. S. (2020) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055420000647 · Cited by 192
Autocracy and Redistribution: The Politics of Land Reform
Albertus, M. (2015) · doi:10.1017/cbo9781316227107 · Cited by 390
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Albertus, M., & Menaldo, V.
- Corresponding author
- Albertus, Michael
- Venue
- British Journal of Political Science
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2013-05-23
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 575-603
- ISSN
- 0007-1234 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2112
- OpenAlex
- W3121603570
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 58 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 28.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- British Journal of Political Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Political Theory and Democracy
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › General Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Natural Resources and Economic Development
- Keywords
- democratization, redistribution, economic elites, elite dominance, political transition, authoritarian regimes, expropriation, constitutional drafting, democratic institutions, social conflict theory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review