Epilepsy in fragile X syndrome
Abstract
Epilepsy is reported to occur in 10 to 20% of individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS). A frequent seizure/EEG pattern in FXS appears to resemble that of benign focal epilepsy of childhood (BFEC, benign rolandic epilepsy). To evaluate seizure frequency and type in a Chicago FXS cohort, data regarding potential seizure history were reviewed for 136 individuals with FXS (age range 2 to 51 years: 113 males and 23 females). Seizures occurred in 15 males (13.3%) and one female (4.3%): of these, 12 had partial seizures. EEG findings were available for 35 individuals (13 of 16 with seizures and 22 of 120 without seizures) and showed an epileptiform abnormality in 10 (77%) individuals with seizures and five (23%) individuals without seizures ‐ the most common epileptiform pattern being centrotemporal spikes. Seizures were easily controlled in 14 of the 16 individuals with seizures. Many individuals, including all with centrotemporal spikes, had remission of seizures in childhood. The most common seizure syndrome resembled BFEC and this pattern had the best prognosis for epilepsy remission. Deficiency of FMRP (fragile X mental retardation protein) appears to lead to increased neuronal excitability and susceptibility to epilepsy, but particularly seems to facilitate mechanisms leading to the BFEC pattern.
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Children with fragile X syndrome and seizures, or with additional CNS-affecting medical problems such as birth asphyxia or additional gene mutations, are at greater risk of having autism in addition to fragile X syndrome.
“Children with FXS and seizures (47) as well as additional medical problems that affect the CNS, such as birth asphyxia or additional gene mutations, are at greater risk of having autism in addition to FXS (48).”
From Fragile X syndrome: causes, diagnosis, mechanisms, and therapeutics (2012) · cites this paper as [47]
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“As FMRP functions near synapses and may regulate activation-dependent dendritic translation (Weiler et al. 1997), it could certainly play a role in modulating specific forms of neuronal excitability, such as those active in generating the centrotemporal spikes pattern.”
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- Authors
- Berry‐Kravis, E.
- Corresponding author
- Berry‐Kravis, Elizabeth
- Venue
- Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 724-728
- ISSN
- 0012-1622 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-8749
- OpenAlex
- W4232072708
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 1.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Keywords
- fragile X syndrome, epilepsy, benign rolandic epilepsy, seizure frequency, seizure types, centrotemporal spikes, epileptiform abnormalities, seizure remission, seizure control
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anticonvulsants, Child, Child, Preschool, Electroencephalography, Epilepsies, Partial, Epilepsy, Generalized, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fragile X Syndrome, Humans, Male, Nerve Tissue Proteins, RNA-Binding Proteins, Treatment Outcome, Epilepsy, Rolandic, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein, Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1
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