The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Obesity, inflammation and the immune system
Open accessAbstract
Obesity shares with most chronic diseases the presence of an inflammatory component, which accounts for the development of metabolic disease and other associated health alterations. This inflammatory state is reflected in increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory proteins, and it occurs not only in adults but also in adolescents and children. The chronic inflammatory response has its origin in the links existing between the adipose tissue and the immune system. Obesity, like other states of malnutrition, is known to impair the immune function, altering leucocyte counts as well as cell-mediated immune responses. In addition, evidence has arisen that an altered immune function contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity. This review attempts to briefly comment on the various plausible explanations that have been proposed for the phenomenon: (1) the obesity-associated increase in the production of leptin (pro-inflammatory) and the reduction in adiponectin (anti-inflammatory) seem to affect the activation of immune cells; (2) NEFA can induce inflammation through various mechanisms (such as modulation of adipokine production or activation of Toll-like receptors); (3) nutrient excess and adipocyte expansion trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress; and (4) hypoxia occurring in hypertrophied adipose tissue stimulates the expression of inflammatory genes and activates immune cells. Interestingly, data suggest a greater impact of visceral adipose tissue and central obesity, rather than total body fat, on the inflammatory process. In summary, there is a positive feedback loop between local inflammation in adipose tissue and altered immune response in obesity, both contributing to the development of related metabolic complications.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Long‐time stress appears to also contribute to pathogenesis of other sepsis comorbidities including obesity, diabetes, asthma and immunosenescence (de Heredia et al., 2012; Epel et al., 2004; Epel et al., 2008; Rod et al., 2012; Thakur et al., 2017).”
From On race, human variation, and who gets and dies of sepsis (2022) · cites this paper as de Heredia et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“CMV reactivation might be even more frequent in obesity, because excess adiposity drives chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress (Aroor and DeMarco 2014; Cervellati et al. 2014; de Heredia et al. 2012; Kanneganti and Dixit 2012; Le Lay and Simard 2014), which in turn can reactivate CMV directly (Cinatl et al. 1999; Docke et al. 1994; Jaganjac et al. 2010; Prosch et al. 1995; Speir 2000;”
From Is immunosenescence influenced by our lifetime “dose” of exercise? (2016) · cites this paper as de Heredia et al. 2012
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
Weisberg, S. P., McCann, D., Desai, M., Rosenbaum, M., Leibel, R. L., & Ferrante, A. W. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200319246 · Cited by 10,041
Inflammation and metabolic disorders
Hotamisligil, G. S. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05485 · Cited by 9,199
Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization
Lumeng, C. N., Bodzin, J. L., & Saltiel, A. R. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29881 · Cited by 4,664
Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
Weiss, R., Dziura, J., Burgert, T. S., Tamborlane, W. V., Taksali, S. E., Yeckel, C. W., Allen, K., Lopes, M., Savoye, M., Morrison, J. A., et al. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa031049 · Cited by 3,495
Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity
Tilg, H., & Moschen, A. R. (2006) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1937 · Cited by 3,272
Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: their relation to the metabolic syndrome
Wajchenberg, B. L. (2000) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/edrv.21.6.0415 · Cited by 2,961
Adipokines: inflammation and the pleiotropic role of white adipose tissue
Trayhurn, P., & Wood, I. S. (2004) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1079/bjn20041213 · Cited by 2,210
Macrophage-specific PPARγ controls alternative activation and improves insulin resistance
Odegaard, J. I., Ricardo-Gonzalez, R. R., Goforth, M. H., Morel, C. R., Subramanian, V., Mukundan, L., Eagle, A. R., Vats, D., Brombacher, F., Ferrante, A. W., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05894 · Cited by 2,107
Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance.
Bastard, J., Maachi, M., Lagathu, C., Kim, M. J., Caron, M., Vidal, H., Capeau, J., & Fève, B. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 2,090
Adipose tissue expandability, lipotoxicity and the Metabolic Syndrome — An allostatic perspective
Virtue, S., & Vidal-Puig, A. (2010) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.12.006 · Cited by 1,013
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Gorman, 2004, Health: the fires within, Time, 163, 38
- Pérez de Heredia, 2010, Lactate enhances the inflammatory response in human preadipocytes in vitro, Obes Rev, 11, 122
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 501–600 of 846
Singh, S., Dwivedi, A., Kumar, S., & Mittal, P. C. (2019) · Food and Nutrition Sciences · doi:10.4236/fns.2019.106048 · Cited by 5
Psychological distress and substance use among young adults with comorbid asthma and obesity
Hawkins, M. A. W., Clawson, A. H., Smith, C. E., Stout, M. E., Keirns, N. G., & Ruppe, N. M. (2019) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2019.1643353 · Cited by 6
Shady, A., Singh, A. P., Gbaje, E., Oliva, M., Golden-Espinal, S., Macciola, D., Soto, D., Eddy, W. E., Adkoli, A., & Bergasa, N. V. (2020) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.9836 · Cited by 5
Leptina e adiponectina: papel dos hormônios nos processos metabólicos e impactos na sua desregulação
Pinho, K. H. D. S., de Paiva, M. J., & Oliveira, R. A. D. C. (2022) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25144 · Cited by 5
Hidayat, R., Mustika, A. P., Avisha, F., Djuliannisaa, Z., Winari, D. D., Putri, R. A., Lisman, H. M., Davin, V., Fathi, G. C., Widhani, A., et al. (2022) · Acta Medica Academica · doi:10.5644/ama2006-124.374 · Cited by 6
Mongraw‐Chaffin, M., Tjaden, A. H., Seals, A. L., Miller, K., Ahmed, N., Espeland, M. A., Gibbs, M. A., Thomas, D., Uschner, D., Weintraub, W. S., et al. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac715 · Cited by 5
Szczerbiński, Ł., Okruszko, M. A., Szabłowski, M., Warpechowski, J. J., Paszko, A., Citko, A., Konopka, P., Bauer, W., & Kretowski, A. J. (2023) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines11010149 · Cited by 5
Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in the Elderly, the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study
Moshtagh, M., Moodi, M., Moezi, S. A., Sharifi, F., & Khazdair, M. R. (2023) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2023/4683542 · Cited by 5
Karakaş, A., Gülle, S., Can, G., Dalkılıç, E., Akar, S., Koca, S. S., Pehlivan, Y., Şenel, S., Tufan, A., Öztürk, M. A., et al. (2023) · Modern Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/mr/road061 · Cited by 5
Kipp, A., Marti, H., Bábíčková, J., Nakken, S., Leh, S. M., Halden, T. A. S., Jenssen, T. G., Vikse, B. E., Åsberg, A., Spagnoli, G. C., et al. (2023) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-023-03294-z · Cited by 5
Casagrande, J. G., Rogero, M. M., de Oliveira, D. C., Quintanilha, B. J., Capetini, V. C., Makiyama, E. N., Neves, B. R. O., Gonçalves, C. E. D. S., de Freitas, S., Hassimotto, N. M. A., et al. (2023) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113873 · Cited by 5
The differential effect of the immune system in breast cancer
Bondhopadhyay, B., Hussain, S., & Kasherwal, V. (2023) · Exploration of Medicine · doi:10.37349/emed.2023.00197 · Cited by 5
Pharmacology of P2X Receptors and Their Possible Therapeutic Potential in Obesity and Diabetes
Cabral‐García, G. A., Cruz-Muñoz, J. R., Valdez-Moráles, E. E., Barajas‐Espinosa, A. R., Liñán-Rico, A., & Alba, R. G. (2024) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph17101291 · Cited by 5
Hathorn, B., Haykowsky, M. J., Almandoz, J. P., Pandey, A., Sarma, S., Hearon, C. M., Babb, T. G., Balmain, B. N., Fu, Q., Zaha, V. G., et al. (2025) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2025.03.015 · Cited by 5
Pliszka, M., Oleszczak, B., & Szablewski, L. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0435-3 · Cited by 5
Kim, M., Bae, N.-Y., Kim, K.-B.-W.-R., Park, J., Park, S.-H., Choi, J.-S., & Ahn, D.-H. (2016) · Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.2.181 · Cited by 5
New Allergen Sensitization Might be Associated with Increased Body Mass Index in Children
Lee, E. J., Kim, J. H., Lee, K.-H., Hong, S., Lee, H.-S., & Kang, J. W. (2016) · American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy · doi:10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4339 · Cited by 5
Dietary patterns in relation to inflammation in shift workers
Khorasaniha, R., Siassi, F., Khajehnasiri, F., Qorbani, M., & Sotoudeh, G. (2019) · BMJ Military Health · doi:10.1136/jramc-2018-001119 · Cited by 5
Sanitation, Obesity, and Low Body Mass Index as Risk Factors for Bacterial Skin Infections
Aggarwal, P., Muddasani, S., & Fleischer, A. B. (2021) · Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1177/1203475420988857 · Cited by 5
Rustenbach, C. J., Reichert, S., Salewski, C., Schano, J., Berger, R., Németh, A., Zdanytė, M., Haeberle, H. A., Caldonazo, T. M. M., Saqer, I., et al. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12020426 · Cited by 5
Useros, N. R., Gheorghe, A., de Heredia, F. P., Díaz, L. E., Baccan, G. C., la Fuente, M. D., & Marcos, A. (2019) · Obesity Research & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2019.10.009 · Cited by 5
Self-citationIncreased risk of bacterial infections among the obese with chronic diseases
Wang, Y., & Chen, Y. (2015) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-015-0472-5 · Cited by 5
Tingelstad, H. C., Filion, L. G., Martin, J., Spivock, M., Tang, V. A., & Haman, F. (2017) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2017-0551 · Cited by 5
Irisin-mediated hepatic autophagy remodels nutritional metabolism to prevent cognitive dysfunction
Zhang, X., Yang, Y., Song, H., Hu, X., Wang, X., & Yu, Y. (2025) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2025.102936 · Cited by 4
Li, Y., & Jiang, P. (2025) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1602224 · Cited by 4
Micro- and nanoplastic exposure, immune cell activation, and lung function in young adults
Durkin, A., Skrabanja, T. L. P., Gehring, U., Zou, R., Lenters, V. C., Koppelman, G. H., Vonk, J. M., Vrisekoop, N., & Vermeulen, R. C. H. (2026) · Microplastics and Nanoplastics · doi:10.1186/s43591-026-00189-2 · Cited by 4
Clarke, M. F., Mathew, S. M., Giles, L. C., Barr, I., Richmond, P., & Marshall, H. S. (2024) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines12121307 · Cited by 4
Bakondi, E., Jung, T., Marg, S., Schnell, V., Weber, D., Schulz, T. J., Grune, T., & Höhn, A. (2024) · Redox Report · doi:10.1080/13510002.2024.2430882 · Cited by 6
Chen, X., Su, P., Guan, H., Xiang, A., Zhang, L., Deng, Z., & Yu, Q. (2025) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.140776 · Cited by 4
Qin, S., Yang, J., Wang, Z., He, P., Dong, T., Ren, Z., & Li, Q. (2025) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1605931 · Cited by 4
Toll-like Receptors in Immuno-Metabolic Regulation of Emotion and Memory
Crespo-Quiles, C., & Femenía, T. (2025) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells14120933 · Cited by 4
BMI and response to systemic treatment in melanoma metastatic patients
Marsan, F. M., Nguyen, J., Varey, É., Fronteau, C., Khammari, A., & Dréno, B. (2020) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.16794 · Cited by 4
Effects of nutrients on immunomodulation in patients with severe COVID-19: Current knowledge
da Costa, B. T., Araújo, G. R. L., Júnior, R. T. D. S., Santos, L. K. D. S., Gonçalves, V. L. D. S., Lima, D. B. A., Cuzzuol, B. R., Apolonio, J. S., de Carvalho, L. S., Marques, H. S., et al. (2022) · World Journal of Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.5492/wjccm.v11.i4.201 · Cited by 5
Bossart, S., Boesch, P., Keo, H. H., Staub, D., & Uthoff, H. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12175438 · Cited by 4
Aguas‐Ayesa, M., Yárnoz‐Esquíroz, P., Olazarán, L., Perdomo, C. M., García‐Goñi, M., Andrada, P., Escalada, J., Silva, C., Marcos, A., & Frühbeck, G. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15224824 · Cited by 4
Self-citationAnigboro, A. A., Avwioroko, O. J., Oborirhovo, O., Akeghware, O., Durugbo, E. U., Apiamu, A., Olaoye, V. I., Ezealigo, U. S., & Tonukari, N. J. (2024) · Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s12010-024-04865-y · Cited by 4
Obesity as a disease: a pressing need for alignment
Grannell, A., & le Roux, C. W. (2024) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-024-01582-8 · Cited by 4
Choi, H., Choi, J.-H., Jang, Y., Lee, Y., Kang, M.-H., Kwon, H.-S., Kim, S., & Kwon, J. (2024) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app14156412 · Cited by 7
Early adversity and inflammation at midlife: the moderating role of internalizing psychopathology
Michal, Z. S., Marquardt, C. A., Krueger, R. F., Arbisi, P. A., & Venables, N. C. (2024) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291724002265 · Cited by 4
Lacerda, G. J. M., Fregni, F., Battistella, L. R., & Imamura, M. (2025) · NeuroSci · doi:10.3390/neurosci6010014 · Cited by 4
Winter, M., Ayobahan, S. U., Eilebrecht, S., & Schlich, K. (2025) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2025.121279 · Cited by 4
Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasounds Modulate Adipose Stem Cells Differentiation
Fernández‐Marcelo, T., Calero, A., de Lucas, B., Garrido, M., Arregui, R. L., Sury, P., Quintana, E., Pérez, L. M., Fernández‐Millán, E., & Gálvez, B. G. (2025) · Stem Cell Reviews and Reports · doi:10.1007/s12015-025-10896-7 · Cited by 4
Effects of obesity on immune responses to renal tumors
Chehval, V. A., & Norian, L. A. (2014) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-014-8533-0 · Cited by 4
Peterson, L., Canner, J. K., Cheskin, L. J., Prokopowicz, G. P., Schweitzer, M., Magnuson, T. H., & Steele, K. E. (2015) · Obesity Science & Practice · doi:10.1002/osp4.15 · Cited by 4
Qasim, A. B. D. (2016) · Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno) · Cited by 4
Elffers, T. W., Trompet, S., de Mutsert, R., Maan, A. C., Lamb, H. J., Macfarlane, P. W., Rosendaal, F. R., & Jukema, J. W. (2018) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.08.088 · Cited by 4
Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Risk Loci Associated With Asthma and Lung Function
Karaca, M., Atçeken, N., Karaca, Ş., Civelek, E., Şekerel, B. E., & Polimanti, R. A. (2020) · Allergy Asthma and Immunology Research · doi:10.4168/aair.2020.12.5.806 · Cited by 4
Barry, M. R., Villar, L. A., Herrán, O. F., Lozano‐Parra, A., Estupiñán, M., Herrera, V., & Villamor, E. (2021) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0950268821000388 · Cited by 4
But Why Weight: Understanding the Implications of Obesity in Kidney Transplant
Vranic, G. M., & COOPER, M. M. (2021) · Seminars in Nephrology · doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2021.06.009 · Cited by 4
Chen, J., Sun, R., Jin, D., Yang, Q., He, Y., Yu, L., & Li, L. (2022) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci12091156 · Cited by 4
Hoang, D. V., Yamamoto, S., Fukunaga, A., Inoue, Y., Mizoue, T., & Ohmagari, N. (2022) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-022-00918-6 · Cited by 4
Chang, Y., Zhang, L., Li, Y., Wang, D., Fang, Q., & Tang, X. (2023) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci13020297 · Cited by 4
Interaction of Allostatic Load With Immune, Inflammatory, and Coagulation Systems
Hassanpour, H. (2023) · Immunoregulation · doi:10.32598/immunoregulation.5.2.4 · Cited by 4
Al-Suhaimi, E. A., AL-Kulaifi, M., & Shehzad, A. (2013) · Cited by 4
The effect of weight change over a 2-year period on inflammatory status in postmenopausal women
Cronin, B. E., Allsopp, P. J., Slevin, M. M., Magee, P. J., McCaffrey, T. A., Livingstone, M. B. E., Strain, J., & McSorley, E. M. (2017) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-017-0014-9 · Cited by 4
Regional adiposity and markers of inflammation in pre-school age children
Delaney, K. Z., Vanstone, C. A., Weiler, H. A., & Santosa, S. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33054-1 · Cited by 4
Pasco, J. A., Holloway‐Kew, K. L., Hyde, N. K., Tembo, M. C., Rufus-Membere, P. G., Sui, S. X., Berk, M., & Kotowicz, M. A. (2018) · JCSM Clinical Reports · doi:10.17987/jcsm-cr.v3i2.72 · Cited by 4
Papel da inflamação e desregulação neuroendócrina na obesidade
Calzerra, N. T. M., Dias, J. R. R. D. A., Timani, K. I., Vieira, R. L. P., & de Queiroz, T. M. (2020) · Acta Brasiliensis · doi:10.22571/2526-4338258 · Cited by 4
Jaiswal, A. K., Sadasivam, M., Aja, S. M., & Hamad, A. R. A. (2020) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v11.i4.126 · Cited by 6
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Pyropia yezoensis Extract in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells
Lee, J. Y., Choi, J. W., Lee, M. K., Kim, Y. M., Kim, I. H., & Nam, T. (2014) · Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.5657/kfas.2014.0757 · Cited by 4
Ramesh, A., & Abraham, T. (2024) · Ear Nose & Throat Journal · doi:10.1177/01455613241255730 · Cited by 3
Li, Z., & Zhao, Y. (2024) · Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · doi:10.2147/ccid.s496066 · Cited by 4
Zhou, M., Li, D., Mao, C., Zhan, H., & Qiu, H. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120328 · Cited by 3
Sourander, B., Mehlig, K., Olsen, F., Lindgren, M., Snygg‐Martin, U., Gisslén, M., Rosengren, A., Åberg, M., & Robertson, J. (2025) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.70043 · Cited by 3
Fernández‐Mateos, P., Cano, P., Jiménez‐Ortega, V., Virto, L., Pérez‐Miguelsanz, J., & Esquifino, A. I. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24020960 · Cited by 3
Longitudinal anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody immune response in acute and convalescent patients
Pérez-Juárez, H., Serrano-Vázquez, A., Godínez–Álvarez, H., González, E., Rojas-Velázquez, L., Moran, P. A., Portillo-Bobadilla, T., Ramiro, M. H., Hernández, E., Lau, C. B., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1239700 · Cited by 3
Li, H., Li, Q., Duan, X., Zhang, S., Wang, Y., Xu, J., Li, Q., Wu, L., Wu, Z., Yang, M., et al. (2024) · Rheumatology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40744-024-00646-5 · Cited by 3
Gu, X., Zhang, L., Sun, M., Zhou, Y., Ji, J., Xu, Y., You, J., & Deng, Z.-K. (2024) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.18310 · Cited by 3
Floegel, A., Russo, P., Veidebaum, T., Tornaritis, M. J., Molnár, D., Lissner, L., Henauw, S. D., Moreno, L. A., Ahrens, W., Marron, M., et al. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0311180 · Cited by 3
Ferreira, É. D. M. R., Lemes, Í. R., Ribeiro, E. G., Malta, D. C., Maher, C. G., McAuley, J. H., Jones, M. D., Hespanhol, L., & Pinto, R. Z. (2025) · Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.bjpt.2025.101241 · Cited by 3
Gut Microbiota Alterations in People With Obesity and Effect of Probiotics Treatment
Leo, E. E. M., Ortega, A. M. M., & Campos, M. R. S. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811440-7.00005-3 · Cited by 3
Al‐Okbi, S. Y., Elbakry, H. F. H., Mohammed, S. E., Hamed, T., & Ramadan, A. (2021) · Egyptian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.21608/ejchem.2021.103599.4805 · Cited by 3
Kasacka, I., Piotrowska, Ż., Domian, N., Lewandowska, A., & Acewicz, M. (2022) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/s12876-022-02299-6 · Cited by 3
Hatami, A., Ahmadi‐Khorram, M., Keykhaei, F., Hashemi, M., Javid, R., Hashempour, M., Esfehani, A. J., & Nematy, M. (2024) · BMC Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s40795-024-00897-z · Cited by 3
Li, Q., Wang, Y., Ren, L., & Liu, Z. (2024) · Oncology and Translational Medicine · doi:10.1097/ot9.0000000000000058 · Cited by 3
Cantarero-Cuenca, A., Gonzalez-Jimenez, A., Martín‐Núñez, G. M., Garrido‐Sánchez, L., Ranea, J. A. G., & Tinahones, F. J. (2024) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-024-02475-z · Cited by 4
Imamura, M., Gianlorenço, A. C., Lacerda, G. J. M., Battistella, L. R., & Fregni, F. (2025) · NeuroSci · doi:10.3390/neurosci6010017 · Cited by 3
The risk factors of COVID-19 in 50–74 years old people: a longitudinal population-based study
Atergeleh, H. J., Emamian, M. H., Goli, S., Rohani-Rasaf, M., Hashemi, H., & Fotouhi, A. (2021) · Epidemiologic Methods · doi:10.1515/em-2021-0024 · Cited by 3
COVID-19 related chemosensory changes in individuals with self-reported obesity
Bhutani, S., Coppin, G., Veldhuizen, M. G., Parma, V., & Joseph, P. V. (2022) · Rhinology Journal · doi:10.4193/rhin21.351 · Cited by 4
The role of Ad-36 as a risk factor in males with gynecomastia
Kocazeybek, B., Sarıbaş, S., & Ergin, S. (2015) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2015.08.020 · Cited by 3
Ball, J., & McAnulty, G. (2014) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/anae.12599 · Cited by 3
Yan, X. S., Barnholtz‐Sloan, J. S., Chu, X., Li, L., Colonie, R. D., Webster, J., Smelser, D. T., Patel, N., Prichard, J. W., & Stark, A. T. (2013) · SpringerPlus · doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-638 · Cited by 3
Obesity and CRP, Adiponectin, Leptin, and Lipid Profile in Saudi Arabian Adolescent Females
Mahassni, S. H., & Sebaa, R. (2013) · Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences · doi:10.6000/1927-5129.2013.09.65 · Cited by 3
Modulation of Macrophage Activation
Italiani, P., Töpfer, E., & Boraschi, D. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803302-9.00007-5 · Cited by 4
Review of the Prognosis Factors of COVID-19 Infection
Besteiro, B., Coutinho, D., Gomes, F., de Almeida, M. A., & Almeida, J. (2021) · Advances in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.4236/aid.2021.112019 · Cited by 3
Suh, M. J., Park, J. A., Ko, H., Kang, M., Kim, J., Lee, J.-I., Kim, J., Baek, S., Lee, K.-H., Hong, S.-C., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy · doi:10.1177/19458924211032469 · Cited by 3
Il monitoraggio dei fenomeni migratori nel Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Una rassegna bibliografica.
Marra, C. (2002) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · Cited by 3
Bae, N.-Y., Kim, M., Kim, K.-B. W.-R., Park, S.-H., Jang, M., & Ahn, D.-H. (2016) · Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.3746/jkfn.2016.45.8.1090 · Cited by 3
Anthropometric Measurements and Inflammatory Marker in Obese Women
Aulia, K. R., Hendrianingtyas, M., Limijadi, E. K. S., & Pramono, D. (2022) · Jurnal Gizi Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition) · doi:10.14710/jgi.10.2.88-94 · Cited by 3
Consequences of Rapid Weight Loss
Zhang, N., Lo, I. J., & Kaul, A. (2014) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-770-9_14 · Cited by 3
Interaction of Nutrition and Reproduction in the Dairy Cow
Cargile, B., & Tracy, D. (2014) · Bovine Reproduction · doi:10.1002/9781118833971.ch30 · Cited by 3
Immune system and gut flora interactions are important episodes in metabolic diseases.
Jain, S., Marotta, F., Catanzaro, R., & Yadav, H. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 3
Obesity and aggressive prostate cancer
Lehrer, S. P. (2020) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.32761 · Cited by 3
Persisting adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in Lower AustriaPreprint
Ladage, D., Harzer, O., Engel, P. A., Winkler, H., & Braun, R. J. (2021) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2021.02.18.21251551 · Cited by 3
Yin, S., Zhong, N., Agrawal, S., Feng, B., Pradhan, S., Jobalia, N. K., Vaziripour, M., Poreddy, S., Kresty, L. A., Gillaspie, E. A., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.14.676175 · Cited by 3
Leptin in reproduction and hypertension in pregnancy
Singh, H. J., Almabhouh, F. A., Alshaikhli, H., Hassan, M. J. M., Daud, S., Othman, R., & Salleh, M. F. R. R. M. (2024) · Reproduction Fertility and Development · doi:10.1071/rd24060 · Cited by 3
Body fat, cognitive performance and inflammatory cytokines in healthy, young women
Dwojaczny, B., Bergmann, K., Czaj, P. V., Denisiuk, K., & Złomańczuk, P. (2024) · Medical Research Journal · doi:10.5603/mrj.102929 · Cited by 2
Chi, Y., Zhang, Y., Lin, H., Zhou, S., Jia, G., & Wen, W. (2025) · Frontiers in Epidemiology · doi:10.3389/fepid.2024.1503261 · Cited by 2
Chen, L., Chen, H., Chen, Z., Zhang, K., Zhang, H., Xu, J., & Chen, T. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-12046-y · Cited by 4
Adolescent obesity: Biochemical and dietary disparities in U.S. youth
Stutts, J. T., Choe, Y. S., & Bronston, A. L. (2025) · Obesity Pillars · doi:10.1016/j.obpill.2025.100239 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- de Heredia, F. P., Gómez-Martínez, S., & Marcos, A.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2012-03-20
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 332-338
- ISSN
- 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2719
- OpenAlex
- W2001652786
- Cited by
- 845
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 97 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 94 · 2022: 92 · 2021: 86 · 2020: 65 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 5.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- obesity, chronic inflammation, leptin, adiponectin, free fatty acids, Toll-like receptors, adipokines, endoplasmic reticulum stress, hypoxia, visceral adipose tissue, abdominal obesity, immune function, metabolic disorders, children and adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Hypoxia, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Fatty Acids, Humans, Immune System, Inflammation, Obesity, Overnutrition, Adipokines, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
