Cited by 1,013Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesAdipose Tissue and MetabolismCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

Adipose tissue expandability, lipotoxicity and the Metabolic Syndrome — An allostatic perspective

Virtue, Sam, Vidal-Puig, Antonio·2010·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

Abstract

While the link between obesity and type 2 diabetes is clear on an epidemiological level, the underlying mechanism linking these two common disorders is not as clearly understood. One hypothesis linking obesity to type 2 diabetes is the adipose tissue expandability hypothesis. The adipose tissue expandability hypothesis states that a failure in the capacity for adipose tissue expansion, rather than obesity per se is the key factor linking positive energy balance and type 2 diabetes. All individuals possess a maximum capacity for adipose expansion which is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Once the adipose tissue expansion limit is reached, adipose tissue ceases to store energy efficiently and lipids begin to accumulate in other tissues. Ectopic lipid accumulation in non-adipocyte cells causes lipotoxic insults including insulin resistance, apoptosis and inflammation. This article discusses the links between adipokines, inflammation, adipose tissue expandability and lipotoxicity. Finally, we will discuss how considering the concept of allostasis may enable a better understanding of how diabetes develops and allow the rational design of new anti diabetic treatments.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.12.006

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Authors
Virtue, S., & Vidal-Puig, A.
Affiliations
University of Cambridge (GB)
Corresponding author
Virtue, Sam
Venue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-03
Volume
1801
Issue
3
Pages
338-349
ISSN
1388-1981 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2035489548
Cited by
1,013
References
80
Citations by year
2026: 58 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 76 · 2012: 69
FWCI
6.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Diabetes UK
  • Medical Research Council
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/E011950/1)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords
adipose tissue expandability, lipotoxicity, metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes, allostasis, ectopic fat deposition, insulin resistance, adipokines, inflammation, apoptosis, diabetes treatment
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Liver, Models, Biological, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Adipocytes, Metabolic Syndrome, Lipid Metabolism, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Allostasis

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