The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Muscle loss and obesity: the health implications of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity
Open accessAbstract
This paper reviews the health implications of obesity, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on CVD and mortality in older adults and discusses the obesity paradox seen in patients with CVD. Obesity is a major public health problem with increasing prevalence worldwide. It is an established risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adult populations. However, there is controversy surrounding the effects of obesity as measured by BMI in older people, and overweight and obesity (BMI ⩾ 25 kg/m 2 ) are apparently associated with increased survival in those with CVD (obesity paradox). Ageing is associated with an increase in visceral fat and a progressive loss of muscle mass which have opposing effects on mortality. Thus BMI is not a good indicator of obesity in older adults. Sarcopenia, the age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass, is a major concern in ageing populations and has been associated with metabolic impairment, CVD risk factors, physical disability and mortality. Sarcopenia often coexists with obesity. Sarcopenic obesity is a new category of obesity in older adults who have high adiposity coupled with low muscle mass. To fully understand the effect of obesity on mortality in the elderly it is important to take muscle mass into account. The evidence suggests that sarcopenia with obesity may be associated with higher levels of metabolic disorders and an increased risk of mortality than obesity or sarcopenia alone. Efforts to promote healthy ageing should focus on both preventing obesity and maintaining or increasing muscle mass.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Lipid overload in the skeletal muscle lowers muscle mass and induces sarcopenia [19,20].”
From A High-Fat Diet Induces Muscle Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Impairs Swimming Capacity in Zebrafish: A New Model of Sarcopenic Obesity (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“SO has been associated with mobility limitation, cardiometabolic complications, disability, lower quality of life and mortality risk, and these associations appear stronger when obesity-related metabolic burden and sarcopenia-related functional impairment coexist (4, 5).”
From Exercise-based interventions for sarcopenic obesity in middle-aged and older adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with pairwise meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Thus, sarcopenic obesity may have a greater impact on metabolic diseases and CVD-associated mortality than either sarcopenia or obesity alone (82–85).”
From Health Consequences of Sarcopenic Obesity: A Narrative Review (2020) · cites this paper as [82]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, either low-grade inflammation or ectopic fat distribution generates myokine imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction (32, 33).”
From Diabetes and Sarcopenic Obesity: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatments (2020) · cites this paper as [32]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis
Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Baeyens, J. P., Bauer, J. M., Boirie, Y., Cederholm, T., Landi, F., Martin, F. C., Michel, J.-P., Rolland, Y., Schneider, S. M., et al. (2010) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afq034 · Cited by 11,601
Epidemiology of Sarcopenia among the Elderly in New Mexico
Baumgartner, R. N., Koehler, K. M., Gallagher, D., Romero, L., Heymsfield, S. B., Ross, R. R., Garry, P. J., & Lindeman, R. D. (1998) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009520 · Cited by 4,004
Inflammatory Mechanisms in Obesity
Gregor, M. F., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2011) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101322 · Cited by 3,754
Romero-Corral, A., Montori, V. M., Somers, V. K., Korinek, J., Thomas, R. J., Allison, T. G., Mookadam, F., & Lopez-Jimenez, F. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69251-9 · Cited by 1,652
Body Composition in Healthy Aging
BAUMGARTNER, R. N. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06498.x · Cited by 1,078
de Koning, L., Merchant, A. T., Pogue, J., & Anand, S. S. (2007) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm026 · Cited by 1,073
Sarcopenic obesity: definition, cause and consequences
Stenholm, S., Harris, T. B., Rantanen, T., Visser, M., Kritchevsky, S. B., & Ferrucci, L. (2008) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e328312c37d · Cited by 1,070
Sarcopenic obesity: A new category of obesity in the elderly
Zamboni, M., Mazzali, G., Fantin, F., Rossi, A., & Di Francesco, V. (2008) · Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2007.10.002 · Cited by 953
Sarcopenic Obesity Predicts Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Disability in the Elderly
Baumgartner, R. N., Wayne, S. J., Waters, D. L., Janssen, I., Gallagher, D., & Morley, J. E. (2004) · Obesity Research · doi:10.1038/oby.2004.250 · Cited by 937
Body mass index and mortality in heart failure: a meta-analysis
Oreopoulos, A., Padwal, R., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Fonarow, G. C., Norris, C. M., & McAlister, F. A. (2008) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2008.02.014 · Cited by 829
BMI and all-cause mortality in older adults: a meta-analysis
Winter, J. E., MacInnis, R. J., Wattanapenpaiboon, N., & Nowson, C. A. (2014) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.113.068122 · Cited by 790
Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions
Zamboni, M. M., Mazzali, G., Zoico, E., Harris, T. B., Meigs, J. B., Francesco, V. D., Fantin, F., Bissoli, L., & Bosello, O. (2005) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803005 · Cited by 654
Muscle strength and body mass index as long-term predictors of mortality in initially healthy men
Rantanen, T., Harris, T., Leveille, S. G., Visser, M., Foley, D., Masaki, K., & Guralnik, J. M. (2000) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/55.3.m168 · Cited by 647
Plasma Adiponectin, Body Mass Index, and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Kistorp, C., Faber, J., Galatius, S., Gustafsson, F., Frystyk, J., Flyvbjerg, A., & Hildebrandt, P. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.104.530972 · Cited by 605
Srikanthan, P., Hevener, A. L., & Karlamangla, A. S. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010805 · Cited by 600
Sarcopenic obesity and inflammation in the InCHIANTI study
Schrager, M. A., Metter, E. J., Simonsick, E., Ble, A., Bandinelli, S., Lauretani, F., & Ferrucci, L. (2007) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00627.2006 · Cited by 594
Sarcopenic obesity: a critical appraisal of the current evidence
Prado, C. M. M., Wells, J. C. K., Smith, S. R., Stephan, B. C. M., & Siervo, M. (2012) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2012.06.010 · Cited by 589
Lim, S., Kim, J. H., Yoon, J. W., Kang, S. M., Choi, S. H., Park, Y. J., Kim, K. W., Lim, J. Y., Park, K. S., & Jang, H. C. (2010) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc10-0107 · Cited by 588
Atkins, J. L., Whincup, P. H., Morris, R. W., Lennon, L. T., Papacosta, O., & Wannamethee, S. G. (2014) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.12652 · Cited by 509
Self-citationBatsis, J. A., Mackenzie, T. A., Barre, L. K., Lopez-Jimenez, F., & Bartels, S. J. (2014) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.117 · Cited by 479
Czernichow, S., Kengne, A. P., Stamatakis, E., Hamer, M., & Batty, G. D. (2011) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2011.00879.x · Cited by 470
Cesari, M., Kritchevsky, S. B., Baumgartner, R., Atkinson, H. H., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Lenchik, L., Palla, S. L., Ambrosius, W. T., Tracy, R. P., & Pahor, M. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn.82.2.428 · Cited by 432
Central Obesity and Survival in Subjects With Coronary Artery Disease
Coutinho, T. A., Goel, K., de Sa, D. C., Kragelund, C., Kanaya, A. M., Zeller, M., Park, J., Køber, L., Torp-Pedersen, C. T., Cottin, Y., et al. (2011) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.11.058 · Cited by 408
Elevated body mass index and mortality risk in the elderly
Janssen, I., & Mark, A. E. (2006) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2006.00248.x · Cited by 388
Skeletal muscle and mortality results from the InCHIANTI study
Cesari, M., Pahor, M., Lauretani, F., Zamboni, V., Bandinelli, S., Bernabei, R., Guralnik, J. M., & Ferrucci, L. (2009) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences · doi:10.1093/gerona/gln031 · Cited by 346
Cesari, M., Kritchevsky, S. B., Baumgartner, R., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/82.2.428 · Cited by 345
Wannamethee, S. G., Shaper, A. G., Lennon, L., & Whincup, P. H. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1339 · Cited by 307
Self-citationSarcopenic-obesity and cardiovascular disease risk in the elderly
Stephen, W. C., & Janssen, I. (2009) · The Journal of nutrition, health and aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-009-0084-z · Cited by 301
Body Composition and Survival in Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Lavie, C. J., Schutter, A. D., Patel, D. A., Romero‐Corral, A., Artham, S. M., & Milani, R. V. (2012) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.05.037 · Cited by 297
Chung, J.-Y., Kang, H.-T., Lee, D.-C., Lee, H.-R., & Lee, Y.-J. (2013) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2012.09.007 · Cited by 283
Angerås, O., Albertsson, P., Karason, K., Råmunddal, T., Matejka, G., James, S. K., Lagerqvist, B., Rosengren, A., & Ömerovic, E. (2012) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehs217 · Cited by 279
Mortality as an adverse outcome of sarcopenia
Arango-Lopera, V. E., Arroyo, P., Gutiérrez‐Robledo, L. M., Pérez‐Zepeda, M. U., & Cesari, M. (2013) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-012-0434-0 · Cited by 269
Chin, S. O., Rhee, S. Y., Chon, S., Hwang, Y.-C., Jeong, I.-K., Oh, S., Ahn, K. J., Chung, H. Y., Woo, J.-T., Kim, S.-W., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0060119 · Cited by 252
Allison, D., Zhu, S., Plankey, M., Faith, M., & Heo, M. (2002) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801925 · Cited by 221
Kim, T. N., Park, M. S., Lim, K. I., Choi, H. Y., Yang, S. J., Yoo, H. J., Kang, H. J., Song, W., Choi, H., Baik, S. H., et al. (2013) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04433.x · Cited by 208
Sarcopenic obesity is closely associated with metabolic syndrome
Lu, C.-W., Yang, K.-C., Chang, H.-H., Lee, L.-T., Chen, C.-Y., & Huang, K.-C. (2013) · Obesity Research & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2012.02.003 · Cited by 198
Inflammation: roles in aging and sarcopenia
Jensen, G. L. (2008) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1177/0148607108324585 · Cited by 195
Waters, D. L., & Baumgartner, R. N. (2011) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.cger.2011.03.007 · Cited by 185
The Cardiometabolic Syndrome and Sarcopenic Obesity in Older Persons
Dominguez, L. J., & Barbagallo, M. (2007) · Journal of the CardioMetabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1111/j.1559-4564.2007.06673.x · Cited by 185
Sarcopenia: An Independent Predictor of Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Men
Kim, J. H., Lim, S. K., Choi, S. H., Kim, K. M., Yoon, J. W., Kim, K. W., Lim, J., Park, K. S., Jang, H. C., & Kritchevsky, S. B. (2014) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glu050 · Cited by 183
Baek, S. J., Nam, G. E., Han, K. D., Choi, S. W., Jung, S. W., Bok, A. R., Kim, Y. H., Lee, K. S., Han, B. D., & Kim, D. H. (2014) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-013-0011-3 · Cited by 182
Landi, F., Russo, A., Liperoti, R., Pahor, M., Tosato, M., Capoluongo, E., Bernabei, R., & Onder, G. (2010) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2009.12.006 · Cited by 179
Sarcopenic obesity in aging population: current status and future directions for research
Kohara, K. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-013-9992-0 · Cited by 171
Wannamethee, S. G. (2007) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.167.14.1510 · Cited by 170
Self-citationde Hollander, E. L., Bemelmans, W. J. E., Boshuizen, H. C., Friedrich, N., Wallaschofski, H., Guallar‐Castillón, P., Walter, S., Zillikens, M. C., Rosengren, A., Lissner, L., et al. (2012) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys008 · Cited by 163
Self-citationHan, K., Park, Y., Kwon, H., Ko, S., Lee, S., Yim, H. W., Lee, W.-C., Park, Y. G., Kim, M. K., & Park, Y. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086902 · Cited by 161
Relation Between Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Death After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Zeller, M., Steg, P. G., Ravisy, J., Lorgis, L., Laurent, Y., Sicard, P., Janin-Manificat, L., Beer, J., Makki, H., Lagrost, A.-C., et al. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.753483 · Cited by 160
Scoping review report: obesity in older adults
DeCaria, J. E., Sharp, C., & Petrella, R. J. (2012) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.29 · Cited by 157
Wijnhoven, H. A. H., de van der Schueren, M. A. E., Heymans, M. W., de Vet, H. C. W., Kruizenga, H. M., Twisk, J. W. R., & Visser, M. (2010) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glq100 · Cited by 154
The paradox of low BNP levels in obesity
Clerico, A., Giannoni, A., Vittorini, S., & Emdin, M. (2011) · Heart Failure Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10741-011-9249-z · Cited by 147
Obesity paradox in elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases
Dorner, T. E., & Rieder, A. (2011) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.01.076 · Cited by 140
Regional body composition as a determinant of arterial stiffness in the elderly
Snijder, M. B., Henry, R. M. A., Visser, M., Dekker, J. M., Seidell, J. C., Ferreira, I., Bouter, L. M., Yudkin, J. S., Westerhof, N., & Stehouwer, C. D. A. (2004) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200412000-00016 · Cited by 134
Oreopoulos, A., McAlister, F. A., Kalantar‐Zadeh, K., Padwal, R. S., Ezekowitz, J. A., Sharma, A., Kovesdy, C. P., Fonarow, G. C., & Norris, C. M. (2009) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp288 · Cited by 134
Lean Mass Index: A Better Predictor of Mortality than Body Mass Index in Elderly Asians
Han, S. S., Kim, K. W., Kim, K., Na, K. Y., Chae, D., Kim, S., & Chin, H. J. (2010) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02672.x · Cited by 128
Endocrine, Metabolic, and Morphologic Alterations of Adipose Tissue During Critical Illness*
Marques, M. B., & Langouche, L. (2012) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e318265f21c · Cited by 128
Sarcopenic obesity as an independent risk factor of hypertension
Park, S. H., Park, J. H., Song, P. S., Kim, D. K., Kim, K. H., Seol, S. H., Kim, H. K., Jang, H. J., Lee, J. G., Park, H. Y., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American Society of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/j.jash.2013.06.002 · Cited by 118
Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity
Choi, K. M. (2013) · Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.3803/enm.2013.28.2.86 · Cited by 113
Insights into the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure: immune activation and cachexia
Anker, S. D., & Rauchhaus, M. (1999) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/00001573-199905000-00004 · Cited by 105
Sarcopenia: a predictor of mortality and the need for early diagnosis and intervention
Filippin, L. I., Teixeira, V. N. D. O., da Silva, M. P. M., Miraglia, F., & da Silva, F. S. (2014) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-014-0281-4 · Cited by 102
Prevalence Rate and Associated Factors of Sarcopenic Obesity in Korean Elderly Population
Hwang, B., Lim, J., Lee, J., Choi, N., Ahn, Y., & Park, B. (2012) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2012.27.7.748 · Cited by 98
Donini, L. M., Savina, C., Gennaro, E. D., Felice, M. R. D., Rosano, A., Pandolfo, M. M., del Balzo, V., CANNELLA, C., Ritz, P., & Chumlea, W. C. (2011) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-011-0073-x · Cited by 96
Wannamethee, S. G., Shaper, A. G., Whincup, P. H., LENNON, L. T., Papacosta, O., & Sattar, N. A. (2013) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.11.043 · Cited by 77
Self-citationSarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity classifications and cardiometabolic risks in older women
dos Santos, E. P., Gadelha, A. B., Safons, M. P., Nóbrega, O. T., Oliveira, R. J., & Lima, R. M. (2014) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2014.03.012 · Cited by 69
Kim, T. N., Park, M. S., Kim, Y. J., Lee, E. J., Kim, M.-K., Kim, J. M., Ko, K. S., Rhee, B. D., & Won, J. C. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100118 · Cited by 68
Additional role of sarcopenia to waist circumference in predicting the odds of metabolic syndrome
Park, S. H., Park, J. H., Park, H. Y., Jang, H. J., Kim, H. K., Park, J., Shin, K. J., Lee, J. G., & Moon, Y. S. (2013) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2013.08.008 · Cited by 61
Leptin Signaling in the Failing and Mechanically Unloaded Human Heart
McGaffin, K. R., Moravec, C. S., & McTiernan, C. F. (2009) · Circulation Heart Failure · doi:10.1161/circheartfailure.109.869909 · Cited by 59
Messier, V., Karelis, A. D., Lavoie, M.-E., Brochu, M., Faraj, M., Strychar, I., & Rabasa-Lhoret, R. (2009) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/h08-135 · Cited by 54
Adiponectin and Long-Term Mortality in Coronary Artery Disease Participants and Controls
Hascoët, S., Elbaz, M., Bongard, V., Bouisset, F., Verdier, C., Vindis, C., Genoux, A., Taraszkiewicz, D., Perret, B., Galinier, M., et al. (2012) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.112.300079 · Cited by 45
Impact of Obesity on Outcomes in Myocardial Infarction
Lavie, C. J., Milani, R. V., & Ventura, H. O. (2011) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.09.032 · Cited by 39
Region-Specific Fat Mass and Muscle Mass and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Men and Women
Wijnhoven, H. A. H., Snijder, M. B., de van der Schueren, M. A. E., Deeg, D. J. H., & Visser, M. (2011) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000324027 · Cited by 38
for the SMART Study Group, Kanhai, D. A., Kappelle, L. J., van der Graaf, Y., Uiterwaal, C. S. P. M., & Visseren, F. L. J. (2011) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.115 · Cited by 27
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- 2011, Healthy Lives, Healthy People: a Call to Action on Obesity in England
- 2008, Waist Circumference and Waist-hip Ratio: Report of a WHO Expert Consultation
- 2000, Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kalinkovich, A., & Livshits, G. (2017) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.008 · Cited by 882
Sarcopenia and Cardiovascular Diseases
Damluji, A. A., Alfaraidhy, M., AlHajri, N., Rohant, N. N., Kumar, M., Al Malouf, C., Bahrainy, S., Ji Kwak, M., Batchelor, W. B., Forman, D. E., et al. (2023) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.123.064071 · Cited by 645
Heymsfield, S. B., Peterson, C. M., Thomas, D. M., Heo, M., & Schuna, J. M. (2016) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.12358 · Cited by 470
Lee, D. H., Keum, N., Hu, F. B., Orav, E. J., Rimm, E. B., Willett, W. C., & Giovannucci, E. L. (2018) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.k2575 · Cited by 486
Martínez‐Ferrán, M., de la Guía-Galipienso, F., Sanchis‐Gomar, F., & Pareja-Galeano, H. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12061549 · Cited by 396
Metadata
- Authors
- Wannamethee, S. G., & Atkins, J. L.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wannamethee, S. Goya
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2015-04-27
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 405-412
- ISSN
- 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2719
- OpenAlex
- W2104069717
- Cited by
- 404
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 3.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (SPCR-031)
- British Heart Foundation (RG/08/013/25942, RG/13/16/30528)
- National Institutes of Health
- NIHR School for Primary Care Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, obesity, older adults, cardiovascular disease, mortality, obesity paradox, body mass index, visceral fat, muscle mass, aging, healthy aging, metabolic disorders
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Body Composition, Humans, Obesity, Body Mass Index, Muscle, Skeletal, Abdominal Fat, Sarcopenia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
