Cited by 642Mental Health Treatment and AccessHealth disparities and outcomesRacial and Ethnic Identity Research

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Lifetime risk and persistence of psychiatric disorders across ethnic groups in the United States

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BRESLAU, JOSHUA, KENDLER, KENNETH S., SU, MAXWELL, GAXIOLA-AGUILAR, SERGIO, KESSLER, RONALD C.·2005·Psychological Medicine

DOI 10.1017/s0033291704003514PMC PMC2748985

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Abstract

Background. Recent research in the United States has demonstrated striking health disparities across ethnic groups. Despite a longstanding interest in ethnic disadvantage in psychiatric epidemiology, patterns of psychiatric morbidity across ethnic groups have never been examined in a nationally representative sample. Method. Ethnic differences in psychiatric morbidity are analyzed using data from the National Comorbidity Survey (NCS). The three largest ethnic groups in the United States – Hispanics, Non-Hispanic Blacks and Non-Hispanic Whites – were compared with respect to lifetime risk and persistence of three categories of psychiatric disorder: mood disorder, anxiety disorder, and substance use disorder. Results. Where differences across ethnic groups were found in lifetime risk, socially disadvantaged groups had lower risk. Relative to Non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanics had lower lifetime risk of substance use disorder and Non-Hispanic Blacks had lower lifetime risk of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders. Where differences were found in persistence of disorders, disadvantaged groups had higher risk. Hispanics with mood disorders were more likely to be persistently ill as were Non-Hispanic Blacks with respect to both mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Closer examination found these differences to be generally consistent across population subgroups. Conclusions. Members of disadvantaged ethnic groups in the United States do not have an increased risk for psychiatric disorders. Members of these groups, however, do tend to have more persistent disorders. Future research should focus on explanations for these findings, including the possibility that these comparisons are biased, and on potential means of reducing the disparity in persistence of disorders across ethnic groups.

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“National co morbidity survey (NCS) reports blacks despite having lower risk of mood disorder, once diagnosed were more likely to be persistently ill (5).”
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“Even more worrisome, although immigrant Latinos report better mental health com- pared to the overall population (Breslau et al., 2005), their mental health worsens with increased exposure to the U.S. (Alegría et al., 2008, 2007a; Stone and Balderrama, 2008; Stone et al., 2007).”
Background
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“, 2002) and depression than European Americans (Breslau et al., 2005).”
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BackgroundInfluential
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Background
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Outcome of Electroconvulsive Therapy by Race in the Consortium for Research on Electroconvulsive Therapy Multisite Study
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities
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“with the same magnitude in ethnic minorities and non-minorities (Kessler and Neighbors, 1986; Breslau et al., 2005).”
Influential
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“Studying the quality of treatment episodes after psychiatric hospitalization is especially relevant for racial-ethnic minorities because people in these groups suffer greater persistence and severity of illness (10,11).”
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Authors: BRESLAU, J., KENDLER, K. S., SU, M., GAXIOLA-AGUILAR, S., & KESSLER, R. C.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
ORCID: BRESLAU, JOSHUA
KENDLER, KENNETH S.
SU, MAXWELL
KESSLER, RONALD C.
Venue: Psychological Medicine
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2004-09-29
Volume: 35
Issue: 3
Pages: 317-327
ISSN: 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
1469-8978
DOI: 10.1017/s0033291704003514
PMC: PMC2748985
OpenAlex: W2119176293
Cited by: 642
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 34
FWCI: 22.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Mental Health (5 KO1 MH66057-02, K01MH066057)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
Keywords: ethnic disparities, psychiatric morbidity, lifetime risk, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, Hispanic Americans, African Americans, social deprivation, National Comorbidity Survey
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Ethnicity, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Morbidity, Risk Factors, Social Class, United States

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Lifetime risk and persistence of psychiatric disorders across ethnic groups in the United States

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