Symptom differentiation of anxiety and depression across youth development and clinic-referred/nonreferred samples: An examination of competing factor structures of the Child Behavior Checklist DSM-oriented scales

Price, Maggi; Higa-McMillan, Charmaine; Ebesutani, Chad; Okamura, Kelsie; Nakamura, Brad J.; Chorpita, Bruce F.; Weisz, John

doi:10.1017/s0954579413000333

Cited by 28Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Research Topics

Symptom differentiation of anxiety and depression across youth development and clinic-referred/nonreferred samples: An examination of competing factor structures of the Child Behavior Checklist DSM-oriented scales

Price, Maggi, Higa-McMillan, Charmaine, Ebesutani, Chad, Okamura, Kelsie, Nakamura, Brad J., Chorpita, Bruce F., Weisz, John·2013·Development and Psychopathology

DOI 10.1017/s0954579413000333

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Abstract

This study examined the psychometric properties of the DSM-oriented scales of the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach, Dumenci, & Rescorla, 2003) using confirmatory factor analysis to compare the six-factor structure of the DSM-oriented scales to competing models consistent with developmental theories of symptom differentiation. We tested these models on both clinic-referred (N = 757) and school-based, nonreferred (N = 713) samples of youths in order to assess the generalizability of the factorial structures. Although previous research has supported the fit of the six-factor DSM-oriented structure in a normative sample of youths ages 7 to 18 (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001), tripartite model research indicates that anxiety and depressive symptomology are less differentiated among children compared to adolescents (Jacques & Mash, 2004). We thus examined the relative fit of a six- and a five-factor model (collapsing anxiety and depression) with younger (ages 7–10) and older (ages 11–18) youth subsamples. The results revealed that the six-factor model fit the best in all samples except among younger nonclinical children. The results extended the generalizability of the rationally derived six-factor structure of the DSM-oriented scales to clinic-referred youths and provided further support to the notion that younger children in nonclinical samples exhibit less differentiated symptoms of anxiety and depression.

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Confirmatory factor analysis results for the CBCL DSM-oriented scales indicated good fit (CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.045).
“Confirmatory factor analysis results for the DSM-oriented scales indicated good fit (Comparative Fit Index [CFI] of 0.96 and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA] of 0.045 [100, 101].”
From Screen time and mental health: a prospective analysis of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (2024) · cites this paper as [101]

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Factor Structure of Measures of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in African American Youth
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Self-citation
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Factor Structure of Measures of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in African American Youth
(2016)
Psychometric properties of the revised child anxiety and depression scale in a clinical sample
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Self-citation

Authors: Price, M., Higa-McMillan, C., Ebesutani, C., Okamura, K., Nakamura, B. J., Chorpita, B. F., & Weisz, J.
Affiliations: University of Hawaii at Hilo (US)
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author: Higa-McMillan, Charmaine
ORCID: Price, Maggi
Higa-McMillan, Charmaine
Ebesutani, Chad
Okamura, Kelsie
Nakamura, Brad J.
Chorpita, Bruce F.
Weisz, John
Venue: Development and Psychopathology
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2013-11
Volume: 25
Issue: 4pt1
Pages: 1005-1015
ISSN: 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
1469-2198
DOI: 10.1017/s0954579413000333
OpenAlex: W2333238580
Cited by: 28
References: 75
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
FWCI: 2.59
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 7 d)
Locations: Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Keywords: anxiety, depression, symptom differentiation, Child Behavior Checklist, factor structure, tripartite model, youth development, psychometric properties, children and adolescents
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Child, Child Behavior, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Diagnosis, Differential, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Checklist

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Symptom differentiation of anxiety and depression across youth development and clinic-referred/nonreferred samples: An examination of competing factor structures of the Child Behavior Checklist DSM-oriented scales

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