Pathways from adolescent close friendship struggles to adult negative affectivity
Open accessAbstract
This 19-year prospective study applied a social development lens to the challenge of identifying long-term predictors of adult negative affectivity. A diverse community sample of 169 individuals was repeatedly assessed from age 13 to age 32 using self-, parent-, and peer-reports. As hypothesized, lack of competence establishing and maintaining close friendships in adolescence had a substantial long-term predictive relation to negative affectivity at ages 27–32, even after accounting for prior depressive, anxious, and externalizing symptoms. Predictions also remained robust after accounting for concurrent levels of depressive symptoms, indicating that findings were not simply an artifact of previously established links between relationship quality and depressive symptoms. Predictions also emerged from poor peer relationships within young adulthood to future relative increases in negative affectivity by ages 27–32. Implications for early identification of risk as well as for potential preventive interventions are discussed.
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Adolescents with externalizing behaviors might struggle to form and maintain friendships, which could perpetuate feelings of loneliness, creating a negative cycle.
“Moreover, adolescents with externalizing behaviors might struggle to form and maintain friendships, which could perpetuate feelings of loneliness, creating a negative cycle.89”
From A Longitudinal Study of Loneliness Before the End of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Trajectories, Predictors, and Impact on Chinese Adolescent Mental Health (2024) · cites this paper as [89]
The Discussion reports that adolescent externalizing behavior predicted mothers’ reports of more problematic peer relationships in young adulthood. The Primary analyses link those peer relationships to later negative affectivity. The paper does not establish difficulty forming or maintaining friendships specifically, loneliness, or a self-perpetuating cycle; it also cautions that its findings cannot establish causation. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Wang, J., Zhang, W., Song, P., Wang, T., Yao, Y., Chen, Y., Lin, H., Yang, X., Chen, X., & Fu, C. (2024) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s484113 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“89 One noteworthy strength of our study is the use of longitudinal data, which allowed us to examine changes in loneliness across four time points during the last phase of the pandemic and to classify subgroups with distinct loneliness patterns.”
- Authors
- Allen, J. P., Costello, M. A., Hellwig, A. F., & Stern, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Allen, Joseph P.
- Venue
- Development and Psychopathology
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2024-01-04
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 241-250
- ISSN
- 0954-5794 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-2198
- PMC
- PMC11222304
- OpenAlex
- W4390586977
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 3.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Development and Psychopathology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (2r01hd058305-17a1)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R21MH091486, R01MH058066)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (R01MD016893)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (F32HD102119, R01-HD058305, R37HD058305)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- negative affectivity, peer relationships, social competence, depressive symptoms, anxiety, externalizing problems, early adulthood, long-term predictors, risk identification, preventive interventions, social development (developmental psychology)
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Affect, Anxiety, Depression, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Peer Group, Prospective Studies, Friends, Young Adult
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