A pragmatic trial of a group intervention in senior housing communities to increase resilience
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BACKGROUND: Aging is associated with numerous stressors that negatively impact older adults' well-being. Resilience improves ability to cope with stressors and can be enhanced in older adults. Senior housing communities are promising settings to deliver positive psychiatry interventions due to rising resident populations and potential impact of delivering interventions directly in the community. However, few intervention studies have been conducted in these communities. We present a pragmatic stepped-wedge trial of a novel psychological group intervention intended to improve resilience among older adults in senior housing communities. DESIGN: A pragmatic modified stepped-wedge trial design. SETTING: Five senior housing communities in three states in the US. PARTICIPANTS: Eighty-nine adults over age 60 years residing in independent living sector of senior housing communities. INTERVENTION: Raise Your Resilience, a manualized 1-month group intervention that incorporated savoring, gratitude, and engagement in value-based activities, administered by unlicensed residential staff trained by researchers. There was a 1-month control period and a 3-month post-intervention follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: Validated self-report measures of resilience, perceived stress, well-being, and wisdom collected at months 0 (baseline), 1 (pre-intervention), 2 (post-intervention), and 5 (follow-up). RESULTS: Treatment adherence and satisfaction were high. Compared to the control period, perceived stress and wisdom improved from pre-intervention to post-intervention, while resilience improved from pre-intervention to follow-up. Effect sizes were small in this sample, which had relatively high baseline resilience. Physical and mental well-being did not improve significantly, and no significant moderators of change in resilience were identified. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates feasibility of conducting pragmatic intervention trials in senior housing communities. The intervention resulted in significant improvement in several measures despite ceiling effects. The study included several features that suggest high potential for its implementation and dissemination across similar communities nationally. Future studies are warranted, particularly in samples with lower baseline resilience or in assisted living facilities.
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Studies applying valid and reliable measures of resilience have reported positive outcomes with small to medium effect sizes using some resilience interventions.
“Studies applying valid and reliable measures of resilience have reported positive outcomes with small to medium effect sizes using some of these interventions 47 .”
From Mental health care for older adults: recent advances and new directions in clinical practice and research (2022) · cites this paper as [47]
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Research works printed but not linked: 2
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- Authors
- Treichler, E. B. H., Glorioso, D., Lee, E. E., Wu, T.-C., Tu, X. M., Daly, R., O’Brien, C., Smith, J. L., & Jeste, D. V.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jeste, Dilip V.
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Psychogeriatrics
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-02
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 173-182
- ISSN
- 1041-6102 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7526871
- OpenAlex
- W3005314740
- Cited by
- 69
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15
- FWCI
- 5.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Psychogeriatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH019934, R01MH094151-01)
- University of California, San Diego
- Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Resilience and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Keywords
- resilience, older adults, group intervention, positive psychiatry, savoring, gratitude, wisdom, perceived stress, well-being, independent living, community-based intervention, intervention feasibility
- MeSH terms
- Healthy Aging, Adaptation, Psychological, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychotherapy, Group, Quality of Life, Stress, Psychological, United States, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Housing for the Elderly, Resilience, Psychological, Independent Living, Self Report
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