Executive Function in Children and Adolescents with Critical Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Open accessAbstract
Children and adolescents with critical cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for deficits in aspects of executive function (EF). The primary aim of this investigation was to compare EF outcomes in three groups of children/adolescents with severe CHD and controls (ages 10–19 years). Participants included 463 children/adolescents with CHD [dextro-transposition of the great arteries (TGA), n= 139; tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), n= 68; and, single-ventricle anatomy requiring Fontan procedure (SVF), n= 145] and 111 controls, who underwent laboratory and informant-based evaluation of EF skills. Rates of EF impairment on D-KEFS measures were nearly twice as high for CHD groups (75–81%) than controls (43%). Distinct EF profiles were documented between CHD groups on D-KEFS tasks. Deficits in flexibility/problem-solving and verbally mediated EF skills were documented in all three CHD groups; visuo-spatially mediated EF abilities were impaired in TOF and SVF groups, but preserved in TGA. Parent, teacher, and self-report ratings on the BRIEF highlighted unique patterns of metacognitive and self-regulatory concerns across informants. CHD poses a serious threat to EF development. Greater severity of CHD is associated with worse EF outcomes. With increased understanding of the cognitive and self-regulatory vulnerabilities experienced by children and adolescents with CHD, it may be possible to identify risks early and provide individualized supports to promote optimal neurodevelopment. ( JINS , 2014, 20 , 34–49)
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In TOF adolescents, impairments were reported in flexibility/problem-solving, verbally mediated executive function, and visuo-spatially mediated executive function skills.
“Impairments were reported in flexibility/problem-solving and verbally mediated EF abilities as well as in visuo-spatially mediated EF skills.”
From Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Tetralogy of Fallot: A Systematic Review (2022) · cites this paper as [26]
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Self-citationNeurodevelopmental Outcomes in Tetralogy of Fallot: A Systematic Review
Kordopati-Zilou, K., Sergentanis, T., Pervanidou, P., Sofianou-Petraki, D., Panoulis, K., Vlahos, N., & Eleftheriades, M. (2022) · Children · doi:10.3390/children9020264 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
- Authors
- Cassidy, A. R., White, M. T., DeMaso, D. R., Newburger, J. W., & Bellinger, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2014-12-09
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 34-49
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- PMC
- PMC4762262
- OpenAlex
- W2138313967
- Cited by
- 239
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 9.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P50HL074734, HL-74734, R01HL077681, R01HL096825, HL77681, HL096825)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR002172, RR02172)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
- Keywords
- executive function, transposition of the great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, Fontan procedure, single ventricle, cognitive development, self-regulation, metacognition, problem solving, flexibility, visuospatial processing, informant differences, Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, BRIEF, children and adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Child, Cognition Disorders, Female, Heart Defects, Congenital, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Photic Stimulation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Space Perception, Young Adult, Executive Function
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