Longitudinal executive function and episodic memory profiles in behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease
Open accessAbstract
Objectives:With comparable baseline performance on executive functions (EF) and memory between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), it is currently unclear if both diseases can be distinguished longitudinally on these measures reliably.Methods:A total of 111 participants (33 AD, 31 bvFTD, and 47 controls) were followed-up annually over a 4-year period and tested on measures of EF, memory, and orientation. Linear mixed-effect models were constructed using disease severity as a nuisance variable to examine profiles of neuropsychological performance decline.Results:At baseline, overlap in terms of cognitive impairment between bvFTD and AD on multiple EF, memory, and orientation measures was present. Longitudinally, only disinhibition (Hayling total errors) appeared sensitive to discriminating AD from bvFTD; however, only after the first annual follow-up. Subgroup analyses on smaller samples revealed comparable profiles on EF tasks at baseline and over time between bvFTD and AD who presented with impaired EF at presentation, and on memory and orientation tasks between AD and bvFTD who presented with severe amnesia.Conclusions:Our results replicate previous findings showing only moderate discriminability between AD and bvFTD at clinical presentation on EF and memory measures. More importantly, we also show that longitudinal trajectories strongly overlap for both dementias on these measures. Disinhibition emerged as the sole measure that in the long run was significantly more impaired in bvFTD. Future studies should use tests designed to target cortical regions that are specifically impaired in bvFTD, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, to improve the accurate discrimination of these diseases. (JINS, 2017,23, 34–43)
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Memory also declines with disease progression in behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia.
“Memory also declines with disease progression.37”
From Advances and controversies in frontotemporal dementia: diagnosis, biomarkers, and therapeutic considerations (2022) · cites this paper as [37]
Memory deficits have been increasingly recognized in bvFTD, at initial presentation and over time.
“However, memory deficits have been increasingly recognized in bvFTD, at initial presentation and over time (Ramanan et al., 2017).”
From The pursuit for markers of disease progression in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: a scoping review to optimize outcome measures for clinical trials (2024) · cites this paper as Ramanan et al., 2017
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- Authors
- Ramanan, S., Bertoux, M., Flanagan, E., Irish, M., Piguet, O., Hodges, J. R., & Hornberger, M.
- Affiliations
- Manipal Hospital (IN)
- University of East Anglia (GB)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Hornberger, Michael
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2016-10-18
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 34-43
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- OpenAlex
- W2534085153
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 7.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, executive function, episodic memory, disinhibition, longitudinal cognitive decline, differential diagnosis of dementia, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, amnesia
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Statistics as Topic, Statistics, Nonparametric, Executive Function, Frontotemporal Dementia, Memory, Episodic
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