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Cited by 198

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Angiotensin II and the vascular phenotype in hypertension

Savoia, Carmine, Burger, Dylan, Nishigaki, Nobu, Montezano, Augusto, Touyz, Rhian M.·2011·Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine

Abstract

Hypertension is associated with vascular changes characterised by remodelling, endothelial dysfunction and hyperreactivity. Cellular processes underlying these perturbations include altered vascular smooth muscle cell growth and apoptosis, fibrosis, hypercontractility and calcification. Inflammation, associated with macrophage infiltration and increased expression of redox-sensitive pro-inflammatory genes, also contributes to vascular remodelling. Many of these features occur with ageing, and the vascular phenotype in hypertension is considered a phenomenon of ‘premature vascular ageing’. Among the many factors involved in the hypertensive vascular phenotype, angiotensin II (Ang II) is especially important. Ang II, previously thought to be the sole effector of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is converted to smaller peptides [Ang III, Ang IV, Ang-(1-7)] that are biologically active in the vascular system. Another new component of the RAS is the (pro)renin receptor, which signals through Ang-II-independent mechanisms and might influence vascular function. Ang II mediates effects through complex signalling pathways on binding to its G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) AT 1 R and AT 2 R. These receptors are regulated by the GPCR-interacting proteins ATRAP, ARAP1 and ATIP. AT 1 R activation induces effects through the phospholipase C pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinases, tyrosine kinases/phosphatases, RhoA/Rhokinase and NAD(P)H-oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species. Here we focus on recent developments and new research trends related to Ang II and the RAS and involvement in the hypertensive vascular phenotype.

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Metadata

Authors
Savoia, C., Burger, D., Nishigaki, N., Montezano, A., & Touyz, R. M.
Venue
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
Published
2011-03
Volume
13
Pages
e11-e11
ISSN
1462-3994 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2146490898
Cited by
198
References
9
FWCI
12.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Angiotensin II and the vascular phenotype in hypertension. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1017/s1462399411001815
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Savoia, C., Burger, D., Nishigaki, N., Montezano, A., & Touyz, R. M. (2011). Angiotensin II and the vascular phenotype in hypertension. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1462399411001815

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