Suicidal ideation in patients with cancer: A systematic review of prevalence, risk factors, intervention and assessment
Abstract
Objectives: Suicidal ideation (SI) underlies risk of death by suicide. It is well established that patients with cancer are at increased risk of death by suicide. Therefore, understanding SI in patients with cancer is critically important. The goal of this systematic review was to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, intervention, and assessment of SI in patients with cancer. Methods: This systematic review was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42018115405) and was guided by the PRISMA statement. We searched Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Cochrane Central. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and assessed for quality assurance using a revised Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: We identified 439 studies to screen for eligibility. Eligible studies included adults with cancer diagnoses and listed SI as an outcome. Ultimately, 44 studies were included in the analyses. Prevalence of SI ranged greatly from 0.7% to 46.3%. Single items drawn from validated measures were the most frequent method of assessing SI (n = 20, 45.5%); additional methods included validated measures and psychological interviews. Commonly identified risk factors for SI included age, sex, and disease/treatment-related characteristics, as well as psychological constructs including depression, anxiety, hopelessness, existential distress, and social support. Significance of Results: Assessment of SI in patients with cancer is the concern of researchers worldwide. Prevalence of SI varied with study population and was likely influenced by the method of assessment. Psychological distress consistently predicted SI. Increasing awareness of demographic, clinical, and psychological associations is critical for risk assessment and intervention development.
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The prevalence of suicidal ideation in this study (46.2%) was considerably higher than that among patients in cancer treatment units.
“The prevalence of suicidal ideation in our study (46.2%) was considerably higher than that among the patients in cancer treatment units.2”
From Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation among Psycho-Oncology Outpatients (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Several studies have confirmed a positive association between depression and suicidal ideation among patients with various types of cancer from various settings.
“Several studies have confirmed the positive association between depression and suicidal ideation among patients with various types of cancer from various settings.2”
From Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation among Psycho-Oncology Outpatients (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Depression itself is a well-known risk factor of suicidal ideation among cancer patients.
“In fact, a previous study showed that emotional well-being score has high sensitivity and specificity for major depression in cancer patients,30 and depression itself is a well-known risk factor of suicidal ideation among cancer patients.2”
From Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation among Psycho-Oncology Outpatients (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
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Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation among Psycho-Oncology Outpatients
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- Authors
- Kolva, E., Hoffecker, L., & Cox-Martin, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kolva, Elissa
- Venue
- Palliative and Supportive Care
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2019-09-26
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 206-219
- ISSN
- 1478-9515 (ISSN-L)
- 1478-9523
- OpenAlex
- W2975876249
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Palliative & Supportive Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Keywords
- suicidal ideation, cancer patients, suicide risk, prevalence, risk factors, psychological distress, depression, anxiety, hopelessness, existential suffering, social support, suicide assessment, suicide prevention interventions
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Suicidal Ideation
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