Under-diagnosis of mood disorders in Canada
Open accessAbstract
Aims.: Under-diagnosis of mood disorders occurs worldwide. In this study, we characterized and compared Canadians with symptoms compatible with a mood disorder by diagnosis status; and described the associated health impacts, use of health services and perceived need for care. Methods.: Respondents to the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health, a nationally representative sample of Canadians age ≥15 years were assessed for symptoms compatible with mood disorders based on a Canadian adaptation of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (n= 23 504). Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were performed. Results.: In 2012, an estimated 5.4% (1.5 million) Canadians aged 15 years and older reported symptoms compatible with a mood disorder, of which only half reported having been professionally diagnosed. The undiagnosed individuals were more likely to be younger (mean age: 36.2 v. 41.8), to be single (49.5 v. 32.7%), to have less than a post-secondary graduation (49.8 v. 41.1%) and to have no physical co-morbidities (56.4 v. 35.7%), and less likely to be part of the two lower income quintiles (49.6 v. 62.7%) compared with those with a previous diagnosis. Upon controlling for all socio-demographic and health characteristics, the associations with age and marital status disappeared. While those with a previous diagnosis reported significantly greater health impacts and were more likely to have consulted a health professional for their emotional and mental health problems in the previous 12 months compared with those undiagnosed (79.4 v. 31.0%), about a third of both groups reported that their health care needs were only partially met or not met at all. Conclusions.: Mood disorders are prevalent and can profoundly impact the life of those affected, however, their diagnosis remains suboptimal and health care use falls short of apparent needs. Improvements in mental health literacy, help-seeking behaviours and diagnosis are needed. In light of the heterogeneity of mood disorders in terms of symptoms severity, impacts and prognosis, interventions must be tailored accordingly.
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Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of childhood and adolescent depression and anxiety are well-documented concerns.
“Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of childhood and adolescent depression and anxiety are well-documented concerns [9,10].”
From eMental Healthcare Technologies for Anxiety and Depression in Childhood and Adolescence: Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Implementation Outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Pelletier, L., O'Donnell, S., Dykxhoorn, J., McRae, L., & Patten, S. B.
- Affiliations
- Public Health Agency of Canada (CA)
- Mental Health Commission of Canada (CA)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Pelletier, L.
- Venue
- Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2016-05-06
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 414-423
- ISSN
- 2045-7960 (ISSN-L)
- 2045-7979
- PMC
- PMC6998499
- OpenAlex
- W2347150456
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4
- FWCI
- 5.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Alberta Innovates
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- mood disorders, underdiagnosis, depression, bipolar disorder, mental health service utilization, help-seeking, unmet care needs, health effects, sociodemographic factors, mental health literacy, Canadian population
- MeSH terms
- Help-Seeking Behavior, Adolescent, Adult, Canada, Depression, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Mental Health Services, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Mood Disorders, Young Adult
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