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The Dawn of a New Era: Targeting the “Undruggables” with Antibody-Based Therapeutics
Abstract
The high selectivity and affinity of antibodies toward their antigens have made them a highly valuable tool in disease therapy, diagnosis, and basic research. A plethora of chemical and genetic approaches have been devised to make antibodies accessible to more "undruggable" targets and equipped with new functions of illustrating or regulating biological processes more precisely. In this Review, in addition to introducing how naked antibodies and various antibody conjugates (such as antibody-drug conjugates, antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates, antibody-enzyme conjugates, etc.) work in therapeutic applications, special attention has been paid to how chemistry tools have helped to optimize the therapeutic outcome (i.e., with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects) or facilitate the multifunctionalization of antibodies, with a focus on emerging fields such as targeted protein degradation, real-time live-cell imaging, catalytic labeling or decaging with spatiotemporal control as well as the engagement of antibodies inside cells. With advances in modern chemistry and biotechnology, well-designed antibodies and their derivatives via size miniaturization or multifunctionalization together with efficient delivery systems have emerged, which have gradually improved our understanding of important biological processes and paved the way to pursue novel targets for potential treatments of various diseases.
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“However, unanswered questions regarding limited targeting ability, premature drug release, lack of stability in circulation, and imaging capabilities completely abolish its possible use to any other systems [25, 85].”
From Advances in green-synthesized magnetic nanoparticles for targeted cancer therapy: mechanisms, applications, and future perspectives (2026) · cites this paper as [85]
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El-khawaga, A. M., Youssef, O. I., El-dydamoni, O. A., Ragab, W. M., & Mohammed, R. A. E. (2026) · European Journal of Medical Research · doi:10.1186/s40001-025-03804-9 · Cited by 14
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Metadata
- Authors
- Qian, L., Lin, X., Gao, X., Khan, R. U., Liao, J.-Y., Du, S., Ge, J., Zeng, S., & Yao, S. Q.
- Venue
- Chemical Reviews
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2023-05-15
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 7782-7853
- ISSN
- 0009-2665
- 1520-6890
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 39
- Language
- en
- Licence
- Funders
- Ministry of Education - Singapore (MOE T1: 22-5025-A0001, T2EP10222- 0002)
- National Research Foundation Singapore (SBP-P4, SBP-P8)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (22177104, 81903574, 82273887)
- Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LTZ22B020001)
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