Computational Ligand Descriptors for Catalyst Design
Open accessAbstract
Ligands, especially phosphines and carbenes, can play a key role in modifying and controlling homogeneous organometallic catalysts, and they often provide a convenient approach to fine-tuning the performance of known catalysts. The measurable outcomes of such catalyst modifications (yields, rates, selectivity) can be set into context by establishing their relationship to steric and electronic descriptors of ligand properties, and such models can guide the discovery, optimization, and design of catalysts. In this review we present a survey of calculated ligand descriptors, with a particular focus on homogeneous organometallic catalysis. A range of different approaches to calculating steric and electronic parameters are set out and compared, and we have collected descriptors for a range of representative ligand sets, including 30 monodentate phosphorus(III) donor ligands, 23 bidentate P,P-donor ligands, and 30 carbenes, with a view to providing a useful resource for analysis to practitioners. In addition, several case studies of applications of such descriptors, covering both maps and models, have been reviewed, illustrating how descriptor-led studies of catalysis can inform experiments and highlighting good practice for model comparison and evaluation.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Cites
The Cambridge Structural Database
Groom, C. R., Bruno, I. J., Lightfoot, M. P., & Ward, S. C. (2016) · Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials · doi:10.1107/s2052520616003954 · Cited by 10,297 · see citing works
Nucleus-Independent Chemical Shifts: A Simple and Efficient Aromaticity Probe
Schleyer, P. V. R., Maerker, C., Dransfeld, A., Jiao, H., & van Eikema Hommes, N. J. R. (1996) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja960582d · Cited by 6,210 · see citing works
Steric effects of phosphorus ligands in organometallic chemistry and homogeneous catalysis
Tolman, C. A. (1977) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr60307a002 · Cited by 4,824 · see citing works
The Development of L 2 X 2 RuCHR Olefin Metathesis Catalysts: An Organometallic Success Story
Trnka, T. M., & Grubbs, R. H. (2000) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar000114f · Cited by 3,561 · see citing works
Applications of Palladium-Catalyzed C–N Cross-Coupling Reactions
Ruiz‐Castillo, P., & Buchwald, S. L. (2016) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00512 · Cited by 2,943 · see citing works
Martı́n, R., & Buchwald, S. L. (2008) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar800036s · Cited by 2,651 · see citing works
On the calculation of bonding energies by the Hartree Fock Slater method
Ziegler, T., & Rauk, A. (1977) · Theoretical Chemistry Accounts · doi:10.1007/bf02401406 · Cited by 2,493 · see citing works
Franke, R., Selent, D., & Börner, A. (2012) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr3001803 · Cited by 1,668 · see citing works
Fortman, G. C., & Nolan, S. P. (2011) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c1cs15088j · Cited by 1,259 · see citing works
The Measure of All Rings—N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Dröge, T., & Glorius, F. (2010) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201001865 · Cited by 1,241 · see citing works
Clavier, H., & Nolan, S. P. (2010) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/b922984a · Cited by 1,100 · see citing works
Quantifying and understanding the electronic properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes
Nelson, D. J., & Nolan, S. P. (2013) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c3cs60146c · Cited by 1,093 · see citing works
Predicting reaction performance in C–N cross-coupling using machine learning
Ahneman, D. T., Estrada, J. G., Lin, S., Dreher, S. D., & Doyle, A. G. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aar5169 · Cited by 1,058 · see citing works
Ligand Bite Angle Effects in Metal-catalyzed C−C Bond Formation
van Leeuwen, P. W. N. M., Kamer, P. C. J., Reek, J. N. H., et al. (2000) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr9902704 · Cited by 1,054 · see citing works
C–N bond forming cross-coupling reactions: an overview
Bariwal, J. B., & der Eycken, E. V. V. (2013) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c3cs60228a · Cited by 1,021 · see citing works
Díez‐González, S., & Nolan, S. P. (2006) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2006.10.004 · Cited by 939 · see citing works
Electronic Properties of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Their Experimental Determination
Huynh, H. V. (2018) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00067 · Cited by 919 · see citing works
SambVca 2. A Web Tool for Analyzing Catalytic Pockets with Topographic Steric Maps
Falivene, L., Credendino, R., Poater, A., Petta, A., Serra, L., Oliva, R., Scarano, V., & Cavallo, L. (2016) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00371 · Cited by 912 · see citing works
Poater, A., Cosenza, B., Correa, A., et al. (2009) · European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejic.200801160 · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Machine Learning in Computer-Aided Synthesis Planning
Coley, C. W., Green, W. H., & Jensen, K. F. (2018) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00087 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
Cross-Couplings Using Aryl Ethers via C–O Bond Activation Enabled by Nickel Catalysts
Tobisu, M., & Chatani, N. (2015) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00051 · Cited by 673 · see citing works
Dorta, R., Stevens, E. D., Scott, N. M., et al. (2005) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0438821 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
Mitoraj, M. P., & Michalak, A. (2006) · Journal of Molecular Modeling · doi:10.1007/s00894-006-0149-4 · Cited by 639 · see citing works
Computer‐Assisted Synthetic Planning: The End of the Beginning
Szymkuć, S., Gajewska, E. P., Klucznik, T., Molga, K., Dittwald, P., Startek, M., Bajczyk, M., & Grzybowski, B. A. (2016) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201506101 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Bite angle effects of diphosphines in C–C and C–X bond forming cross coupling reactions
Birkholz, M., Freixa, Z., & van Leeuwen, P. W. N. M. (2009) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b806211k · Cited by 587 · see citing works
Sperger, T., Sanhueza, I. A., Kalvet, I., & Schoenebeck, F. (2015) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00163 · Cited by 552 · see citing works
The bite angle makes the difference: a practical ligand parameter for diphosphine ligands
Dierkes, P., & van Leeuwen, P. W. N. M. (1999) · Journal of the Chemical Society Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/a807799a · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Donor–Acceptor Properties of Ligands from the Natural Orbitals for Chemical Valence
Mitoraj, M. P., & Michalak, A. (2007) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om700754n · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Back, O., Henry-Ellinger, M., Martin, C. D., et al. (2013) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201209109 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Fürstner, A., Ackermann, L., Gabor, B., Goddard, R., Lehmann, C. W., MYNOTT, R. J., Stelzer, F., & Thiel, O. R. (2001) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20010803)7:15 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
Riener, K., Haslinger, S., Raba, A., Högerl, M. P., Cokoja, M., Herrmann, W. A., & Kühn, F. E. (2014) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr4006439 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Predictive and mechanistic multivariate linear regression models for reaction development
Santiago, C. B., Guo, J.-Y., & Sigman, M. S. (2018) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/c7sc04679k · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Asymmetric homogeneous hydrogenations at scale
Ager, D. J., de Vries, A. H. M., & de Vries, J. G. (2012) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c2cs15312b · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Bite angle effects in diphosphine metal catalysts: steric or electronic?
Freixa, Z., & van Leeuwen, P. W. N. M. (2003) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/b300322c · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Quantifying and understanding the steric properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes
Gómez‐Suárez, A., Nelson, D. J., & Nolan, S. P. (2017) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c7cc00255f · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Electronic and Steric Parameters of 76 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Ni(CO) 3 (NHC)
Gusev, D. G. (2009) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om900654g · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Liske, A., Verlinden, K., Buhl, H., et al. (2013) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om400858y · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Fleckenstein, C. A., & Plenio, H. (2009) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b903646f · Cited by 365 · see citing works
The Development of Multidimensional Analysis Tools for Asymmetric Catalysis and Beyond
Sigman, M. S., Harper, K. C., Bess, E. N., & Milo, A. (2016) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00194 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Synthetic and Structural Studies of (NHC)Pd(allyl)Cl Complexes (NHC =N-heterocyclic carbene)
Viciu, M. S., Navarro, O., Germaneau, R. F., et al. (2004) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om034319e · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Relation between singlet-triplet gaps and bond energies
Carter, E. A., & Goddard, W. A. (1986) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j100278a006 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Copper–NHC complexes in catalysis
Lazreg, F., Nahra, F., & Cazin, C. S. J. (2015) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2014.12.019 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Thermodynamics of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Dimerization: The Balance of Sterics and Electronics
Poater, A., Ragone, F., Giudice, S., et al. (2008) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om8001119 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Vummaleti, S. V. C., Nelson, D. J., Poater, A., et al. (2015) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/c4sc03264k · Cited by 286 · see citing works
An improved method for the computation of ligand steric effects based on solid angles
Guzei, I. A., & Wendt, M. A. (2006) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/b605102b · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Determining the Ligand Properties of N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes from 77Se NMR Parameters
Verlinden, K., Buhl, H., Frank, W. C., et al. (2015) · European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejic.201500174 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Addressing Challenges in Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions Through Ligand Design
Lundgren, R. J., & Stradiotto, M. (2012) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.201201195 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Mechanism of Ruthenium-Catalyzed Olefin Metathesis Reactions from a Theoretical Perspective
Cavallo, L. (2002) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja016772s · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Pushing Electrons—Which Carbene Ligand for Which Application?
Munz, D. (2018) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00720 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Wu, K., & Doyle, A. G. (2017) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2741 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Perrin, L., Clot, E., Eisenstein, O., Loch, J. A., & Crabtree, R. H. (2001) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic0105258 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Tonner, R., Heydenrych, G., & Frenking, G. (2007) · Chemistry - An Asian Journal · doi:10.1002/asia.200700235 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Froese, R. D. J., Lombardi, C., Pompeo, M., et al. (2017) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00249 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Quantum Machine Learning in Chemical Compound Space
von Lilienfeld, O. A. (2017) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201709686 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
molSimplify: A toolkit for automating discovery in inorganic chemistry
Ioannidis, E. I., Gani, T. Z. H., & Kulik, H. J. (2016) · Journal of Computational Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jcc.24437 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Chemical bonding in transition metal carbene complexes
Frenking, G., Solà, M., & Vyboishchikov, S. F. (2005) · Journal of Organometallic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.08.054 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Parameterization of phosphine ligands reveals mechanistic pathways and predicts reaction outcomes
Niemeyer, Z. L., Milo, A., Hickey, D. P., & Sigman, M. S. (2016) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2501 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Fey, N., Orpen, A. G., & Harvey, J. N. (2008) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2008.04.017 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Self-citationQuantitative Structure−Activity Relationships of Ruthenium Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis
Occhipinti, G., Bjørsvik, H., & Jensen, V. R. (2006) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja060832i · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Holy Grails for Computational Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
Houk, K. N., & Liu, F. (2017) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00532 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Computation and Experiment: A Powerful Combination to Understand and Predict Reactivities
Sperger, T., Sanhueza, I. A., & Schoenebeck, F. (2016) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00068 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Accurate modelling of Pd(0) + PhX oxidative addition kinetics
McMullin, C. L., Jover, J., Harvey, J. N., et al. (2010) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c0dt00778a · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Janet, J. P., Chan, L., & Kulik, H. J. (2018) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00170 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Predicting electronic structure properties of transition metal complexes with neural networks
Janet, J. P., & Kulik, H. J. (2017) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/c7sc01247k · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Piou, T., Romanov‐Michailidis, F., Romanova‐Michaelides, M., Jackson, K. E., Semakul, N., Taggart, T. D., Newell, B., Rithner, C. D., Paton, R. S., & Rovis, T. (2017) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.6b11670 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Donor Properties of a Series of Two-Electron Ligands
Gusev, D. G. (2009) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om800933x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
High-Oxidation-State 3d Metal (Ti–Cu) Complexes withN-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligation
Cheng, J. J., Wang, L., Wang, P. G., et al. (2018) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00096 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Dorta, R., Stevens, E. D., Hoff, C. D., et al. (2003) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja0362151 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Suresh, C. H., & Koga, N. (2002) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic0109400 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Ragone, F., Poater, A., & Cavallo, L. (2010) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja909441x · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Predicting the net donating ability of phosphines?do we need sophisticated theoretical methods?
Kühl, O. (2004) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2004.08.021 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Ab initio study on the stability of diaminocarbenes
Heinemann, C., & Thiel, W. (1994) · Chemical Physics Letters · doi:10.1016/0009-2614(93)e1360-s · Cited by 170 · see citing works
AARON: An Automated Reaction Optimizer for New Catalysts
Guan, Y., Ingman, V. M., Rooks, B. J., & Wheeler, S. E. (2018) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00578 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
The 'wired' universe of organic chemistry
Grzybowski, B. A., Bishop, K. J. M., Kowalczyk, B., et al. (2009) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.136 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
A computational study of phosphine ligand effects in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling☆
Jover, J., Fey, N., Purdie, M., et al. (2010) · Journal of Molecular Catalysis A Chemical · doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2010.02.021 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationTeng, Q., & Huynh, H. V. (2016) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c6dt04222h · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Skoraczyński, G., Dittwald, P., Miasojedow, B., Szymkuć, S., Gajewska, E. P., Grzybowski, B. A., & Gambin, A. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02303-0 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Bilbrey, J. A., Kazez, A. H., Locklin, J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Computational Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jcc.23217 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Lavoie, C. M., & Stradiotto, M. (2018) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.8b01879 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Computational Catalysis Using the Artificial Force Induced Reaction Method
Sameera, W. M. C., Maeda, S., & Morokuma, K. (2016) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00023 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
A leap forward in iridium–NHC catalysis: new horizons and mechanistic insights
Iglesias, M., & Oro, L. A. (2018) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c7cs00743d · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Expansion of the Ligand Knowledge Base for Monodentate P-Donor Ligands (LKB-P)
Jover, J., Fey, N., Harvey, J. N., Lloyd‐Jones, G. C., Orpen, A. G., Owen‐Smith, G. J. J., Murray, P. M., Hose, D. R. J., Osborne, R. B., & Purdie, M. (2010) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om100648v · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Self-citationDunne, B. J., Morris, R. B., & Orpen, A. G. (1991) · Journal of the Chemical Society Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/dt9910000653 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Comment on “Predicting reaction performance in C–N cross-coupling using machine learning”
Chuang, K. V., & Keiser, M. J. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aat8603 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Fey, N., Tsipis, A. C., Harris, S. E., Harvey, J. N., Orpen, A. G., & Mansson, R. A. (2005) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.200500891 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationPredicting electronic structure properties of transition metal complexes with neural networks
Janet, J. P., & Kulik, H. J. (2017) · DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) · Cited by 134 · see citing works
McMullin, C. L., Fey, N., & Harvey, J. N. (2014) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c4dt01758g · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationFey, N. (2009) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/b913356a · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citationSynthesis and application of chiral monodentate phosphines in asymmetric hydrogenation
Erre, G., Enthaler, S., Junge, K., et al. (2007) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2007.09.021 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Bernhammer, J. C., Frison, G., & Huynh, H. V. (2013) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.201301093 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Cone angles: Tolman's and Plato's
Bunten, K. A. (2002) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0010-8545(02)00099-1 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Computational Descriptors for Chelating P,P- and P,N-Donor Ligands 1
Fey, N., Harvey, J. N., Lloyd‐Jones, G. C., Murray, P. M., Orpen, A. G., Osborne, R. B., & Purdie, M. (2008) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om700840h · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationSuresh, C. H. (2006) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic051959w · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Computational Kinetics of Cobalt‐Catalyzed Alkene Hydroformylation
Rush, L. E., Pringle, P. G., & Harvey, J. N. (2014) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201402115 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Predictive modeling in homogeneous catalysis: a tutorial
Maldonado, A. G., & Rothenberg, G. (2010) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b921393g · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Structural evidence for the participation of P–X σ* orbitals in metal–PX 3 bonding
Orpen, A. G., & Connelly, N. G. (1985) · Journal of the Chemical Society Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c39850001310 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Stauffer, S. R., & Hartwig, J. F. (2003) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja034161p · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Niemeyer, Z. L., Pindi, S., Khrakovsky, D. A., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.7b08791 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
A Priori Assessment of the Stereoelectronic Profile of Phosphines and Phosphites
Cooney, K. D., Cundari, T. R., Hoffman, N. W., Pittard, K. A., Temple, M. D., & Zhao, Y. (2003) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja021254i · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Rational design of diphosphorus ligands – a route to superior catalysts
Gillespie, J. A., Dodds, D. L., & Kamer, P. C. J. (2010) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/b913778e · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Expansion of the Ligand Knowledge Base for Chelating P,P-Donor Ligands (LKB-PP)
Jover, J., Fey, N., Harvey, J. N., Lloyd‐Jones, G. C., Orpen, A. G., Owen‐Smith, G. J. J., Murray, P. M., Hose, D. R. J., Osborne, R. B., & Purdie, M. (2012) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om300312t · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationComas‐Vives, A., & Harvey, J. N. (2011) · European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejic.201100721 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Direct Measure of Metal–Ligand Bonding Replacing the Tolman Electronic Parameter
Setiawan, D., Kalescky, R. J. B., Kraka, E., et al. (2016) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02711 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Liu, Z., Patel, C., Harvey, J. N., et al. (2017) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c7cp06508f · Cited by 91 · see citing works
An Evolutionary Algorithm for <i>de Novo</i> Optimization of Functional Transition Metal Compounds
Chu, Y., Heyndrickx, W., Occhipinti, G., Jensen, V. R., & Alsberg, B. K. (2012) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja300865u · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Mathew, J., & Suresh, C. H. (2010) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic1004243 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Guo, J.-Y., Minko, Y., Santiago, C. B., & Sigman, M. S. (2017) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.7b00739 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Beyond the Numbers: Charting Chemical Reaction Space
Murray, P. M., Tyler, S. N. G., & Moseley, J. D. (2012) · Organic Process Research & Development · doi:10.1021/op300275p · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Harper, K. C., Vilardi, S. C., & Sigman, M. S. (2013) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja4001807 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Engl, P. S., Santiago, C. B., Gordon, C. P., Liao, W., Fedorov, A., Copéret, C., Sigman, M. S., & Togni, A. (2017) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.7b06947 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Kwon, D., Fuller, J. T., Kilgore, U. J., Sydora, O. L., Bischof, S. M., & Ess, D. H. (2018) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.7b04026 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Cases, M., Frenking, G., Duran, M., et al. (2002) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om0203330 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Toward Molecular Catalysts by Computer
Raugei, S., DuBois, D. L., Rousseau, R. J., et al. (2015) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar500342g · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Quantitative Assessment of the Stereoelectronic Profile of Phosphine Ligands
Mathew, J., Thomas, T., & Suresh, C. H. (2007) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic701547h · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Cremer, D., & Kraka, E. (2017) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c7dt00178a · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Kumar, A., & Ghosh, P. (2012) · European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejic.201200622 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Combinatorial Explosion in Homogeneous Catalysis: Screening 60,000 Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Burello, E., Farrusseng, D., & Rothenberg, G. (2004) · Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis · doi:10.1002/adsc.200404170 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Ciancaleoni, G., Scafuri, N., Bistoni, G., et al. (2014) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic501574e · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Minenkov, Y. V., Occhipinti, G., & Jensen, V. R. (2013) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om301192a · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Uncovering Subtle Ligand Effects of Phosphines Using Gold(I) Catalysis
Christian, A. H., Niemeyer, Z. L., Sigman, M. S., et al. (2017) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.7b00757 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
A ligand knowledge base for carbenes (LKB-C): maps of ligand space
Fey, N., Haddow, M. F., Harvey, J. N., McMullin, C. L., & Orpen, A. G. (2009) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/b909229c · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Self-citationAjitha, M. J., & Suresh, C. H. (2011) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo202382g · Cited by 73 · see citing works
New Approach to Tolman’s Electronic Parameter Based on Local Vibrational Modes
Kalescky, R. J. B., Kraka, E., & Cremer, D. (2013) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic4024663 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Quantifying ligand effects in high-oxidation-state metal catalysis
Billow, B. S., McDaniel, T. J., & Odom, A. L. (2017) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2843 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Schmitz, C., Holthusen, K., Leitner, W., et al. (2016) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.5b02846 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Evaluation of Donor and Steric Properties of Anionic Ligands on High Valent Transition Metals
DiFranco, S. A., Maciulis, N. A., Staples, R. J., et al. (2011) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic202524r · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Machine Learning Approach for Prediction of Reaction Yield with Simulated Catalyst Parameters
Yada, A., Nagata, K., Ando, Y., Matsumura, T., Ichinoseki, S., & Sato, K. (2018) · Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1246/cl.171130 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The Computational Road to Better Catalysts
Jover, J., & Fey, N. (2014) · Chemistry - An Asian Journal · doi:10.1002/asia.201301696 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationCatalytic applications of small bite-angle diphosphorus ligands with single-atom linkers
Mansell, S. M. (2017) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c7dt03395h · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Organometallic reactivity: the role of metal–ligand bond energies from a computational perspective
Fey, N., Ridgway, B. M., Jover, J., et al. (2011) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c1dt10909j · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationElectronic Structural Trends in Divalent Carbon Compounds
Huynh, H. V., & Frison, G. (2012) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo302080c · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Estrada, J. G., Ahneman, D. T., Sheridan, R. P., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aat8763 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Fleming, J. T., & Higham, L. J. (2015) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2015.03.002 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Data mining in catalysis: Separating knowledge from garbage
Rothenberg, G. (2008) · Catalysis Today · doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2008.02.014 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Hageman, J. A., Westerhuis, J. A., Frühauf, H., & Rothenberg, G. (2006) · Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis · doi:10.1002/adsc.200505299 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
A Practical Guide to Scientific Data Analysis
Livingstone, D. J. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470017913 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Ligand effects in rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation with bisphosphines: steric or electronic?
Jiao, Y., Torne, M. S., Gracia, J. M., et al. (2017) · Catalysis Science & Technology · doi:10.1039/c6cy01990k · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Liao, K., Liu, W., Niemeyer, Z. L., et al. (2017) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.7b03421 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Stable Fluorophosphines: Predicted and Realized Ligands for Catalysis
Fey, N., Garland, M., Hopewell, J. P., McMullin, C. L., Mastroianni, S., Orpen, A. G., & Pringle, P. G. (2011) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201105954 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationLeveraging Cheminformatics Strategies for Inorganic Discovery: Application to Redox Potential Design
Janet, J. P., Gani, T. Z. H., Steeves, A. H., Ioannidis, E. I., & Kulik, H. J. (2017) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00808 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Keylor, M. H., Niemeyer, Z. L., Sigman, M. S., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.7b05409 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Steric and Electronic Influences of Buchwald-Type Alkyl-JohnPhos Ligands
Kendall, A. J., Zakharov, L. N., & Tyler, D. R. (2016) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02996 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Lost in chemical space? Maps to support organometallic catalysis
Fey, N. (2015) · Chemistry Central Journal · doi:10.1186/s13065-015-0104-5 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationTopological Mapping of Bidentate Ligands: A Fast Approach for Screening Homogeneous Catalysts
Burello, E., & Rothenberg, G. (2005) · Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis · doi:10.1002/adsc.200505220 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Automated Design of Realistic Organometallic Molecules from Fragments
Foscato, M., Occhipinti, G., Venkatraman, V., Alsberg, B. K., & Jensen, V. R. (2014) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci4007497 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Rohmann, K., Hölscher, M., & Leitner, W. (2015) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.5b11997 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Steric and Electronic Parameters Characterizing Bulky and Electron-Rich Dialkylbiarylphosphines
Diebolt, O., Fortman, G. C., Clavier, H., et al. (2011) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om101174x · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Gusev, D. G., & Peris, E. (2013) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c3dt32959c · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Park, Y., Niemeyer, Z. L., Yu, J., & Sigman, M. S. (2017) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00751 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Phukan, A. K., Guha, A. K., Sarmah, S., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo402057g · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Lovitt, C. F., Frenking, G., & Girolami, G. S. (2012) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om200456j · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Newland, R. J., Smith, A., Smith, D. M., et al. (2018) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00063 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Stable Fluorophosphines: Predicted and Realized Ligands for Catalysis
Fey, N., Garland, M., Hopewell, J. P., McMullin, C. L., Mastroianni, S., Orpen, A. G., & Pringle, P. G. (2011) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.201105954 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationHeydenrych, G., von Hopffgarten, M., Stander, E., et al. (2009) · European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejic.200801244 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
The Extension of the Solid‐Angle Concept to Bidentate Ligands
Niksch, T., Görls, H., & Weigand, W. (2009) · European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejic.200900825 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Smith, J. M., & Coville, N. J. (2001) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om000687w · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Dutta, S., Maity, B., Thirumalai, D., et al. (2018) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00174 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Guha, A. K., Sarmah, S., & Phukan, A. K. (2010) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c003266b · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Mechanism of Rh-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclizations: Closed versus Open Shell Pathways
Park, Y., Ahn, S., Kang, D., et al. (2016) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00111 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Ardkhean, R., Mortimore, M., Paton, R. S., et al. (2018) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/c7sc05304e · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Advances in Charge Displacement Analysis
Bistoni, G., Belpassi, L., & Tarantelli, F. (2016) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/acs.jctc.5b01166 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Jover, J., & Fey, N. (2012) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c2dt32099a · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationStatistical Modeling of a Ligand Knowledge Base
Mansson, R. A., Welsh, A. H., Fey, N., & Orpen, A. G. (2006) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci600212t · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationInterpretation of Tolman electronic parameters in the light of natural orbitals for chemical valence
Ardizzoia, G. A., & Brenna, S. (2017) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c6cp07793e · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Anjali, B. A., & Suresh, C. H. (2017) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.7b00745 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Lv, X., Wu, Y., & Lü, G. (2017) · Catalysis Science & Technology · doi:10.1039/c7cy01637a · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Ligand and solvent selection in challenging catalytic reactions
Moseley, J. D., & Murray, P. M. (2014) · Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology · doi:10.1002/jctb.4306 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Effective donor abilities of E-t-Bu and EPh (E = O, S, Se, Te) to a high valent transition metal
Bemowski, R. D., Singh, A. K., Bajorek, B. J., et al. (2014) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c4dt01314j · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Luo, S. L., Engle, K. M., Dong, X., et al. (2018) · ACS Catalysis · doi:10.1021/acscatal.8b00843 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Backbone Diversity Analysis in Catalyst Design
Maldonado, A. G., Hageman, J. A., Mastroianni, S., & Rothenberg, G. (2009) · Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis · doi:10.1002/adsc.200800574 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Mathew, J., & Suresh, C. H. (2011) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om101034a · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Bilbrey, J. A., Kazez, A. H., Locklin, J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation · doi:10.1021/ct400426e · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Classification of the Electronic Properties of Chelating Ligands in cis-[LL′Rh(CO)2] Complexes
Canac, Y., & Lepetit, C. (2016) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02610 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tuning the Electronic and Ligand Properties of Remote Carbenes: A Theoretical Study
Borthakur, B., Rahman, T., & Phukan, A. K. (2014) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo5016807 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Denny, J. A., & Darensbourg, M. Y. (2016) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2016.06.013 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Al-Ghamdi, M., Vummaleti, S. V. C., Falivene, L., et al. (2017) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00905 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Heterocyclic carbenes of diverse flexibility: A theoretical insight
Guha, A. K., Das, C., & Phukan, A. K. (2010) · Journal of Organometallic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.09.066 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Phukan, A. K., Guha, A. K., & Sarmah, S. (2013) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om400162a · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Mathew, J., & Suresh, C. H. (2011) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/om200196u · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Ramsden, C. A., & Oziminski, W. P. (2016) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.joc.6b01304 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Ramsden, C. A., & Oziminski, W. P. (2017) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.joc.7b02283 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bharadwaz, P., Chetia, P., & Phukan, A. K. (2017) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.201701645 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Coll, D. S., Vidal, A. B., Rodríguez, J. A., et al. (2015) · Inorganica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.ica.2015.08.003 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Gibb, B. C. (2013) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.1604 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Sarmah, S., Guha, A. K., & Phukan, A. K. (2013) · European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/ejic.201300329 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The natural bite angle — Seen from a ligand's point of view
Kühl, O. (2007) · Canadian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1139/v07-023 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Toit, J. D., van Sittert, C. G. C. E., & Vosloo, H. C. M. (2015) · Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly · doi:10.1007/s00706-015-1491-y · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Theoretical strategies toward stabilization of singlet remote N‐heterocyclic carbenes
Borthakur, B., Silvi, B., Dewhurst, R. D., et al. (2016) · Journal of Computational Chemistry · doi:10.1002/jcc.24362 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Guha, A. K., & Phukan, A. K. (2014) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo500117t · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Spectroscopic Distinction of Different Carbon Bases: An Insight from Theory
Guha, A. K., Borthakur, B., & Phukan, A. K. (2015) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.joc.5b01056 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Principal component analysis of Mn(salen) catalysts
Teixeira, F., Mosquera, R. A., Melo, A., et al. (2014) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/c4cp00721b · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Designing bifunctional alkene isomerization catalysts using predictive modelling
Landman, I. R., Paulson, E. R., Rheingold, A. L., Grotjahn, D. B., & Rothenberg, G. (2017) · Catalysis Science & Technology · doi:10.1039/c7cy01106g · Cited by 13 · see citing works
STERIMOL and Its Role in Drug Research
Draber, W. (1996) · Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C · doi:10.1515/znc-1996-1-202 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Setting P-Donor Ligands into Context: An Application of the Ligand Knowledge Base (LKB) Approach
Fey, N., Papadouli, S., Pringle, P. G., et al. (2014) · Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements · doi:10.1080/10426507.2014.983599 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationBilbrey, J. A., & Allen, W. D. (2013) · Annual reports in computational chemistry · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-62672-1.00001-7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Petitjean, M. (2015) · Comptes Rendus Chimie · doi:10.1016/j.crci.2015.04.004 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bayesian reaction optimization as a tool for chemical synthesis
Shields, B. J., Stevens, J., Li, J., Parasram, M., Damani, F., Alvarado, J. I. M., Janey, J. M., Adams, R. P., & Doyle, A. G. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03213-y · Cited by 1,063 · see citing works
Nandy, A., Duan, C., Taylor, M. G., Liu, F., Steeves, A. H., & Kulik, H. J. (2021) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00347 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Zahrt, A. F., Athavale, S. V., & Denmark, S. E. (2020) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00425 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Machine learning dihydrogen activation in the chemical space surrounding Vaska's complex
Friederich, P., dos Passos Gomes, G., De Bin, R., Aspuru-Guzik, A., & Balcells, D. (2020) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/d0sc00445f · Cited by 179 · see citing works
tmQM Dataset─Quantum Geometries and Properties of 86k Transition Metal Complexes
Balcells, D., & Skjelstad, B. B. (2020) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01041 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Henle, J. J., Zahrt, A. F., Rose, B. T., Darrow, W. T., Wang, Y., & Denmark, S. E. (2020) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.0c04715 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Maley, S. M., Kwon, D.-H., Rollins, N., Stanley, J. C., Sydora, O. L., Bischof, S. M., & Ess, D. H. (2020) · Chemical Science · doi:10.1039/d0sc03552a · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Seeing Is Believing: Experimental Spin States from Machine Learning Model Structure Predictions
Taylor, M. G., Yang, T., Lin, S., Nandy, A., Janet, J. P., Duan, C., & Kulik, H. J. (2020) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry A · doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01458 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Machine Learning for the Discovery, Design, and Engineering of Materials.
Duan, C., Nandy, A., & Kulik, H. J. (2022) · Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering · doi:10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092320-120230 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Quantum computing for chemical and biomolecular product design
Andersson, M. P., Jones, M. N., Mikkelsen, K. V., You, F., & Mansouri, S. S. (2022) · Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.coche.2021.100754 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
- Authors
- Durand, D. J., & Fey, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Fey, Natalie
- Venue
- Chemical Reviews
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2019-02-25
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 6561-6594
- ISSN
- 0009-2665 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6890
- OpenAlex
- W2917126206
- Cited by
- 406
- References
- 196
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 52 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 22
- FWCI
- 3.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- Chemical Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L016443/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Organometallic Complex Synthesis and Catalysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Synthesis and characterization of novel inorganic/organometallic compounds
- Keywords
- ligand descriptors, phosphine ligands, carbenes, steric descriptors, electronic descriptors, catalyst design, model evaluation, catalyst selectivity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review