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Achieving Fast and Durable Lithium Storage through Amorphous FeP Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Ultrathin 3D P-Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets

Open access
Zheng, Zhiming, Wu, Hong-Hui, Liu, Haodong, Zhang, Qiaobao, He, Xin, Yu, Sicen, Petrova, Victoria, Feng, Jun, Kostecki, Robert, Liu, Ping, Peng, Dong-Liang, Liu, Meilin, Wang, Ming-Sheng·2020·ACS Nano

Abstract

Conversion-type transition-metal phosphide anode materials with high theoretical capacity usually suffer from low-rate capability and severe capacity decay, which are mainly caused by their inferior electronic conductivities and large volumetric variations together with the poor reversibility of discharge product (Li 3 P), impeding their practical applications. Herein, guided by density functional theory calculations, these obstacles are simultaneously mitigated by confining amorphous FeP nanoparticles into ultrathin 3D interconnected P-doped porous carbon nanosheets (denoted as FeP@CNs) via a facile approach, forming an intriguing 3D flake-CNs-like configuration. As an anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the resulting FeP@CNs electrode not only reaches a high reversible capacity (837 mA h g –1 after 300 cycles at 0.2 A g –1 ) and an exceptional rate capability (403 mA h g –1 at 16 A g –1 ) but also exhibits extraordinary durability (2500 cycles, 563 mA h g –1 at 4 A g –1, 98% capacity retention). By combining DFT calculations, in situ transmission electron microscopy, and a suite of ex situ microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, we show that the superior performances of FeP@CNs anode originate from its prominent structural and compositional merits, which render fast electron/ion-transport kinetics and abundant active sites (amorphous FeP nanoparticles and structural defects in P-doped CNs) for charge storage, promote the reversibility of conversion reactions, and buffer the volume variations while preventing pulverization/aggregation of FeP during cycling, thus enabling a high rate and highly durable lithium storage. Furthermore, a full cell composed of the prelithiated FeP@CNs anode and commercial LiFePO 4 cathode exhibits impressive rate performance while maintaining superior cycling stability. This work fundamentally and experimentally presents a facile and effective structural engineering strategy for markedly improving the performance of conversion-type anodes for advanced LIBs.

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Crossref · 10.1021/acsnano.9b08575

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Metadata

Authors
Zheng, Z., Wu, H.-H., Liu, H., Zhang, Q., He, X., Yu, S., Petrova, V., Feng, J., Kostecki, R., Liu, P., Peng, D.-L., Liu, M., & Wang, M.-S.
Venue
ACS Nano
Published
2020-07-13
Volume
14
Issue
8
Pages
9545-9561
ISSN
  • 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
  • 1936-086X
OpenAlex
W3040716950
Cited by
334
References
73
FWCI
20.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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