The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries: Environmental Strategies and Sustainability Evaluation
Abstract
Lithium ion batteries have been undergoing rapid development in the global market due to their superior performance. However, the soaring number of lithium ion batteries in the market presents serious disposal challenges at the end of life. Moreover, continuous mining processes are harmful to the environment. From the viewpoint of cleaner production and green chemistry, the efficient recovery and reutilization of spent lithium ion batteries are necessary. In this perspective, the overall process of lithium ion battery recycling, especially the recent advances of hydrometallurgical methods, are summarized, focusing on the leaching, separation, and purification processes. The proper disposal of the waste discharged during the recycling process is proposed, highlighting the mitigation of secondary pollution. In addition, the environmental impact of recycling processes is summarized and thoroughly evaluated by recent life cycle assessment studies, revealing the key role of recycling strategic metal elements toward sustainability in an anthropogenic cycle. Finally, the current challenges in this area are pointed out and perspectives on sustainable approaches, cleaner production, and life cycle assessment are proposed.
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Citations
Cites
Comparative Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Conventional and Electric Vehicles
Hawkins, T. R., Singh, B., Majeau‐Bettez, G., & Strømman, A. H. (2013) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2012.00532.x · Cited by 1,670
Global lithium resources: relative importance of pegmatite, brine and other deposits
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Toward sustainable and systematic recycling of spent rechargeable batteries
Zhang, X., Li, L., Fan, E., Xue, Q., Bian, Y., Wu, F., & Chen, R. (2018) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c8cs00297e · Cited by 1,038
Life cycle assessment of a lithium-ion battery vehicle pack
Ellingsen, L. A., Majeau‐Bettez, G., Singh, B., Srivastava, A. K., Valøen, L. O., & Strømman, A. H. (2014) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1111/jiec.12072 · Cited by 665
Global Lithium Availability: A Constraint for Electric Vehicles?
Gruber, P. W., Medina, P. A., Keoleian, G. A., Kesler, S. E., Everson, M. P., & Wallington, T. J. (2011) · Journal of Industrial Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00359.x · Cited by 620
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Tracing global lithium flow: a trade-linked material flow analysis
Sun, X., Hao, H., Zhao, F., & Liu, Z. (2017) · Resources, Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.04.012 · Cited by 242
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Torkaman, R., Asadollahzadeh, M., Torab-Mostaedi, M., & Ghanadi Maragheh, M. (2017) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2017.06.023 · Cited by 133
Cited by
Mao, J., Ye, C., Zhang, S., Xie, F., Zeng, R., Davey, K., Guo, Z., & Qiao, S. (2022) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/d2ee00162d · Cited by 365
Recycling of lithium iron phosphate batteries: Status, technologies, challenges, and prospects
Wang, M., Liu, K., Dutta, S., Alessi, D. S., Rinklebe, J., Ok, Y. S., & Tsang, D. C. W. (2022) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2022.112515 · Cited by 361
Lithium and water: Hydrosocial impacts across the life cycle of energy storage
Blair, J. J. A., Vineyard, N., Mulvaney, D., Cantor, A., Sharbat, A., Berry, K., Bartholomew, E., & Ornelas, A. F. (2024) · WIREs Water · doi:10.1002/wat2.1748 · Cited by 38
“Battery recycling can also result in greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and toxic exposure (Liang et al., 2021; Mrozik et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2018).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Liang, Z., Cai, C., Peng, G., Hu, J., Hou, H., Liu, B., Liang, S., Xiao, K., Yuan, S., & Yang, J.
- Venue
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2021-04-20
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 5750-5767
- ISSN
- 2168-0485 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3152607873
- Cited by
- 302
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 17.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries: Environmental Strategies and Sustainability Evaluation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c00942
- The paper
- Liang, Z., Cai, C., Peng, G., Hu, J., Hou, H., Liu, B., Liang, S., Xiao, K., Yuan, S., & Yang, J. (2021). Hydrometallurgical Recovery of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries: Environmental Strategies and Sustainability Evaluation. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c00942
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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