The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Recovery of Lithium, Nickel, Cobalt, and Manganese from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Using l-Tartaric Acid as a Leachant
Abstract
Herein is reported a novel green process involving natural l -tartaric acid leaching, developed for the sustainable recovery of Mn, Li, Co, and Ni from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Operating conditions affecting the leaching efficiencies of Mn, Li, Co, and Ni, including the concentrations of l -tartaric acid (C 4 H 6 O 6 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), pulp density, temperature, and leaching time, were investigated. The leaching efficiencies were 99.31% for Mn, 99.07% for Li, 98.64% for Co, and 99.31% for Ni under the optimized conditions (4 vol% H 2 O 2, 2 M l -tartaric acid, 17 g/L pulp density, 70 °C, and 30 min). The leaching mechanism was studied preliminarily based on the structure of l -tartaric acid. The kinetics data for the leaching of Mn, Li, Co, and Ni fit best to the shrinking-core model of chemical control. For the first stage, the activation energies ( E a s) for the leaching of Mn, Li, Co, and Ni were 66.00, 54.03, 58.18, and 73.28 kJ/mol, respectively. For the second stage, the E a s for the leaching of Mn, Li, Co, and Ni were 55.68, 53.86, 58.94, and 47.78 kJ/mol, respectively. The proposed hydrometallurgical process was found to be simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly.
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Cites
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Meshram, P., Pandey, B. D., & Mankhand, T. R. (2014) · Hydrometallurgy · doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2014.10.012 · Cited by 982
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Cited by
A Critical Review and Analysis on the Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries
Lv, W., Wang, Z., Cao, H., Sun, Y., Zhang, Y., & Sun, Z. (2018) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03811 · Cited by 1,163
Toward sustainable and systematic recycling of spent rechargeable batteries
Zhang, X., Li, L., Fan, E., Xue, Q., Bian, Y., Wu, F., & Chen, R. (2018) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c8cs00297e · Cited by 1,038
Mossali, E., Picone, N., Gentilini, L., Rodrìguez, O., Pérez, J. M., & Colledani, M. (2020) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110500 · Cited by 574
Or, T., Gourley, S. W. D., Kaliyappan, K., Yu, A., & Chen, Z. (2020) · Carbon Energy · doi:10.1002/cey2.29 · Cited by 559
Li, H., Xing, S., Liu, Y., Li, F., Guo, H., & Kuang, G. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b01594 · Cited by 523
Metadata
- Authors
- He, L.-P., Sun, S.-Y., Mu, Y.-Y., Song, X.-F., & Yu, J.-G.
- Venue
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2016-11-18
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 714-721
- ISSN
- 2168-0485 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2556407525
- Cited by
- 437
- References
- 45
- FWCI
- 21.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- He, L.-P., Sun, S.-Y., Mu, Y.-Y., Song, X.-F., & Yu, J.-G. (2017). Recovery of Lithium, Nickel, Cobalt, and Manganese from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Using l-Tartaric Acid as a Leachant. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.6b02056
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