Squaraine-Based Polymer Dots with Narrow, Bright Near-Infrared Fluorescence for Biological Applications
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This article describes the design and development of squaraine-based semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) that show large Stokes shifts and narrow-band emissions in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Fluorescent copolymers containing fluorene and squaraine units were synthesized and used as precursors for preparing the Pdots, where exciton diffusion and likely through-bond energy transfer led to highly bright and narrow-band NIR emissions. The resulting Pdots exhibit the emission full width at half-maximum of ∼36 nm, which is ∼2 times narrower than those of inorganic quantum dots in the same wavelength region (∼66 nm for Qdot705). The squaraine-based Pdots show a high fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of 0.30 and a large Stokes shift of ∼340 nm. Single-particle analysis indicates that the average per-particle brightness of the Pdots is ∼6 times higher than that of Qdot705. We demonstrate bioconjugation of the squaraine Pdots and employ the Pdot bioconjugates in flow cytometry and cellular imaging applications. Our results suggest that the narrow bandwidth, high QY, and large Stokes shift are promising for multiplexed biological detections.
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Squaraine-based Pdots show large Stokes shifts (∼340 nm) and narrow-band emissions in the NIR region (fwhm = 36 nm, about 2 times narrower than inorganic quantum dots in the same wavelength region) with a large Φfl (Φfl = 0.3).
“On the basis of the same strategy, squaraine-based Pdots that show large Stokes shifts (∼340 nm) and narrow-band emissions in the NIR region (fwhm = 36 nm, which is ∼2 times narrower than those of inorganic quantum dots in the same wavelength region) with a large Φfl (Φfl = 0.3) have also been developed.192”
From The Pursuit of Shortwave Infrared-Emitting Nanoparticles with Bright Fluorescence through Molecular Design and Excited-State Engineering of Molecular Aggregates (2022) · cites this paper as [192]
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- Authors
- Wu, I.-C., Yu, J., Ye, F., Rong, Y., Gallina, M. E., Fujimoto, B. S., Zhang, Y., Chan, Y.-H., Sun, W., Zhou, X.-H., Wu, C., & Chiu, D. T.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- University of Washington , , , ,
- Jilin University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chiu, Daniel T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Chemical Society
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-12-10
- Volume
- 137
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 173-178
- ISSN
- 0002-7863 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5126
- PMC
- PMC4304448
- OpenAlex
- W2313051295
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 9
- FWCI
- 8.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Chemical Society (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R21CA186798)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (61222508, 61335001)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (61222508)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research
- Keywords
- squaraine, polymer dots, near-infrared fluorescence, narrowband emission, large Stokes shift, fluorene copolymers, exciton diffusion, through-bond energy transfer, fluorescence quantum yield, bioconjugation, flow cytometry, cell imaging
- MeSH terms
- Cyclobutanes, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Humans, Infrared Rays, Neoplasms, Particle Size, Phenols, Polymers, Semiconductors, Surface Properties, Molecular Structure, Quantum Dots, MCF-7 Cells
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